/* * $RCSfile$ * * Copyright (c) 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * * - Redistribution of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * - Redistribution in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the * distribution. * * Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any * kind. ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY * EXCLUDED. SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. ("SUN") AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL * NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF * USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS * DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR * ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, * CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER CAUSED AND * REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR * INABILITY TO USE THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * You acknowledge that this software is not designed, licensed or * intended for use in the design, construction, operation or * maintenance of any nuclear facility. * * $Revision$ * $Date$ * $State$ */ import java.lang.Math.*; import javax.media.j3d.*; import javax.vecmath.*; public class SpurGear extends Gear { float toothTopAngleIncrement; float toothDeclineAngleIncrement; float rootRadius; float outsideRadius; //The angle subtended by the ascending or descending portion of a tooth float circularToothEdgeAngle; // The angle subtended by a flat (either a tooth top or a valley // between teeth float circularToothFlatAngle; /** * internal constructor for SpurGear, used by subclasses to establish * SpurGear's required state * @return a new spur gear that contains sufficient information to * continue building * @param toothCount number of teeth * @param pitchCircleRadius radius at center of teeth * @param addendum distance from pitch circle to top of teeth * @param dedendum distance from pitch circle to root of teeth * @param toothToValleyAngleRatio the ratio of the angle subtended by the * tooth to the angle subtended by the valley (must be <= .25) */ SpurGear(int toothCount, float pitchCircleRadius, float addendum, float dedendum, float toothToValleyAngleRatio) { super(toothCount); // The angle about Z subtended by one tooth and its associated valley circularPitchAngle = (float)(2.0 * Math.PI / (double)toothCount); // The angle subtended by a flat (either a tooth top or a valley // between teeth circularToothFlatAngle = circularPitchAngle * toothToValleyAngleRatio; //The angle subtended by the ascending or descending portion of a tooth circularToothEdgeAngle = circularPitchAngle/2.0f - circularToothFlatAngle; // Increment angles toothTopAngleIncrement = circularToothEdgeAngle; toothDeclineAngleIncrement = toothTopAngleIncrement + circularToothFlatAngle; toothValleyAngleIncrement = toothDeclineAngleIncrement + circularToothEdgeAngle; // Differential angles for offsetting to the center of tooth's top // and valley toothTopCenterAngle = toothTopAngleIncrement + circularToothFlatAngle/2.0f; valleyCenterAngle = toothValleyAngleIncrement + circularToothFlatAngle/2.0f; // Gear start differential angle. All gears are constructed with the // center of a tooth at Z-axis angle = 0. gearStartAngle = -1.0 * toothTopCenterAngle; // The radial distance to the root and top of the teeth, respectively rootRadius = pitchCircleRadius - dedendum; outsideRadius = pitchCircleRadius + addendum; // Allow this object to spin. etc. this.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); } /** * Construct a SpurGear; * @return a new spur gear that conforms to the input paramters * @param toothCount number of teeth * @param pitchCircleRadius radius at center of teeth * @param shaftRadius radius of hole at center * @param addendum distance from pitch circle to top of teeth * @param dedendum distance from pitch circle to root of teeth * @param gearThickness thickness of the gear */ public SpurGear(int toothCount, float pitchCircleRadius, float shaftRadius, float addendum, float dedendum, float gearThickness) { this(toothCount, pitchCircleRadius, shaftRadius, addendum, dedendum, gearThickness, gearThickness, 0.25f, null); } /** * Construct a SpurGear; * @return a new spur gear that conforms to the input paramters * @param toothCount number of teeth * @param pitchCircleRadius radius at center of teeth * @param shaftRadius radius of hole at center * @param addendum distance from pitch circle to top of teeth * @param dedendum distance from pitch circle to root of teeth * @param gearThickness thickness of the gear * @param look the gear's appearance */ public SpurGear(int toothCount, float pitchCircleRadius, float shaftRadius, float addendum, float dedendum, float gearThickness, Appearance look) { this(toothCount, pitchCircleRadius, shaftRadius, addendum, dedendum, gearThickness, gearThickness, 0.25f, look); } /** * Construct a SpurGear; * @return a new spur gear that conforms to the input paramters * @param toothCount number of teeth * @param pitchCircleRadius radius at center of teeth * @param shaftRadius radius of hole at center * @param addendum distance from pitch circle to top of teeth * @param dedendum distance from pitch circle to root of teeth * @param gearThickness thickness of the gear * @param toothTipThickness thickness of the tip of the tooth * @param look the gear's appearance */ public SpurGear(int toothCount, float pitchCircleRadius, float shaftRadius, float addendum, float dedendum, float gearThickness, float toothTipThickness, Appearance look) { this(toothCount, pitchCircleRadius, shaftRadius, addendum, dedendum, gearThickness, toothTipThickness, 0.25f, look); } /** * Construct a SpurGear; * @return a new spur gear that conforms to the input paramters * @param toothCount number of teeth * @param pitchCircleRadius radius at center of teeth * @param shaftRadius radius of hole at center * @param addendum distance from pitch circle to top of teeth * @param dedendum distance from pitch circle to root of teeth * @param gearThickness thickness of the gear * @param toothTipThickness thickness of the tip of the tooth * @param toothToValleyAngleRatio the ratio of the angle subtended by the * tooth to the angle subtended by the valley (must be <= .25) * @param look the gear's appearance object */ public SpurGear(int toothCount, float pitchCircleRadius, float shaftRadius, float addendum, float dedendum, float gearThickness, float toothTipThickness, float toothToValleyAngleRatio, Appearance look) { this(toothCount, pitchCircleRadius, addendum, dedendum, toothToValleyAngleRatio); // Generate the gear's body disks addBodyDisks(shaftRadius, rootRadius, gearThickness, look); // Generate the gear's interior shaft addCylinderSkins(shaftRadius, gearThickness, InwardNormals, look); // Generate the gear's teeth addTeeth(pitchCircleRadius, rootRadius, outsideRadius, gearThickness, toothTipThickness, toothToValleyAngleRatio, look); } /** * Construct a SpurGear's teeth by adding the teeth shape nodes * @param pitchCircleRadius radius at center of teeth * @param rootRadius distance from pitch circle to top of teeth * @param outsideRadius distance from pitch circle to root of teeth * @param gearThickness thickness of the gear * @param toothTipThickness thickness of the tip of the tooth * @param toothToValleyAngleRatio the ratio of the angle subtended by the * tooth to the angle subtended by the valley (must be <= .25) * @param look the gear's appearance object */ void addTeeth(float pitchCircleRadius, float rootRadius, float outsideRadius, float gearThickness, float toothTipThickness, float toothToValleyAngleRatio, Appearance look) { int index; Shape3D newShape; // Temporaries that store start angle for each portion of tooth facet double toothStartAngle, toothTopStartAngle, toothDeclineStartAngle, toothValleyStartAngle, nextToothStartAngle; // The x and y coordinates at each point of a facet and at each // point on the gear: at the shaft, the root of the teeth, and // the outer point of the teeth float xRoot0, yRoot0; float xOuter1, yOuter1; float xOuter2, yOuter2; float xRoot3, yRoot3; float xRoot4, yRoot4; // The z coordinates for the gear final float frontZ = -0.5f * gearThickness; final float rearZ = 0.5f * gearThickness; // The z coordinates for the tooth tip of the gear final float toothTipFrontZ = -0.5f * toothTipThickness; final float toothTipRearZ = 0.5f * toothTipThickness; int toothFacetVertexCount; // #(vertices) per tooth facet int toothFacetCount; // #(facets) per tooth int toothFaceTotalVertexCount; // #(vertices) in all teeth int toothFaceStripCount[] = new int[toothCount]; // per tooth vertex count int topVertexCount; // #(vertices) for teeth tops int topStripCount[] = new int[1]; // #(vertices) in strip/strip // Front and rear facing normals for the teeth faces Vector3f frontToothNormal = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f); Vector3f rearToothNormal = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Normals for teeth tops up incline, tooth top, and down incline Vector3f leftNormal = new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Vector3f rightNormal = new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Vector3f outNormal = new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Vector3f inNormal = new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); // Temporary variables for storing coordinates and vectors Point3f coordinate = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Point3f tempCoordinate1 = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Point3f tempCoordinate2 = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Point3f tempCoordinate3 = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Vector3f tempVector1 = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Vector3f tempVector2 = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); /* Construct the gear's front facing teeth facets * 0______2 * / /\ * / / \ * / / \ * //___________\ * 1 3 */ toothFacetVertexCount = 4; toothFaceTotalVertexCount = toothFacetVertexCount * toothCount; for(int i = 0; i < toothCount; i++) toothFaceStripCount[i] = toothFacetVertexCount; TriangleStripArray frontGearTeeth = new TriangleStripArray(toothFaceTotalVertexCount, GeometryArray.COORDINATES | GeometryArray.NORMALS, toothFaceStripCount); for(int count = 0; count < toothCount; count++) { index = count * toothFacetVertexCount; toothStartAngle = gearStartAngle + circularPitchAngle * (double)count; toothTopStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothTopAngleIncrement; toothDeclineStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothDeclineAngleIncrement; toothValleyStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothValleyAngleIncrement; xRoot0 = rootRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothStartAngle); yRoot0 = rootRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothStartAngle); xOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothTopStartAngle); yOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothTopStartAngle); xOuter2 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothDeclineStartAngle); yOuter2 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothDeclineStartAngle); xRoot3 = rootRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothValleyStartAngle); yRoot3 = rootRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothValleyStartAngle); tempCoordinate1.set(xRoot0, yRoot0, frontZ); tempCoordinate2.set(xRoot3, yRoot3, frontZ); tempVector1.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); tempCoordinate2.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipFrontZ); tempVector2.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); frontToothNormal.cross(tempVector1, tempVector2); frontToothNormal.normalize(); coordinate.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipFrontZ); frontGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index, coordinate); frontGearTeeth.setNormal(index, frontToothNormal); coordinate.set(xRoot0, yRoot0, frontZ); frontGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 1, coordinate); frontGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 1, frontToothNormal); coordinate.set(xOuter2, yOuter2, toothTipFrontZ); frontGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 2, coordinate); frontGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 2, frontToothNormal); coordinate.set(xRoot3, yRoot3, frontZ); frontGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 3, coordinate); frontGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 3, frontToothNormal); } newShape = new Shape3D(frontGearTeeth, look); this.addChild(newShape); /* Construct the gear's rear facing teeth facets (Using Quads) * 1______2 * / \ * / \ * / \ * /____________\ * 0 3 */ toothFacetVertexCount = 4; toothFaceTotalVertexCount = toothFacetVertexCount * toothCount; QuadArray rearGearTeeth = new QuadArray(toothCount * toothFacetVertexCount, GeometryArray.COORDINATES | GeometryArray.NORMALS); for(int count = 0; count < toothCount; count++) { index = count * toothFacetVertexCount; toothStartAngle = gearStartAngle + circularPitchAngle * (double)count; toothTopStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothTopAngleIncrement; toothDeclineStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothDeclineAngleIncrement; toothValleyStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothValleyAngleIncrement; xRoot0 = rootRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothStartAngle); yRoot0 = rootRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothStartAngle); xOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothTopStartAngle); yOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothTopStartAngle); xOuter2 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothDeclineStartAngle); yOuter2 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothDeclineStartAngle); xRoot3 = rootRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothValleyStartAngle); yRoot3 = rootRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothValleyStartAngle); tempCoordinate1.set(xRoot0, yRoot0, rearZ); tempCoordinate2.set(xRoot3, yRoot3, rearZ); tempVector1.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); tempCoordinate2.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipRearZ); tempVector2.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); rearToothNormal.cross(tempVector2, tempVector1); rearToothNormal.normalize(); coordinate.set(xRoot0, yRoot0, rearZ); rearGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index, coordinate); rearGearTeeth.setNormal(index, rearToothNormal); coordinate.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipRearZ); rearGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 1, coordinate); rearGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 1, rearToothNormal); coordinate.set(xOuter2, yOuter2, toothTipRearZ); rearGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 2, coordinate); rearGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 2, rearToothNormal); coordinate.set(xRoot3, yRoot3, rearZ); rearGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 3, coordinate); rearGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 3, rearToothNormal); } newShape = new Shape3D(rearGearTeeth, look); this.addChild(newShape); /* * Construct the gear's top teeth faces (As seen from above) * Root0 Outer1 Outer2 Root3 Root4 (RearZ) * 0_______3 2_______5 4_______7 6_______9 * |0 3| |4 7| |8 11| |12 15| * | | | | | | | | * | | | | | | | | * |1_____2| |5_____6| |9____10| |13___14| * 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 * Root0 Outer1 Outer2 Root3 Root4 (FrontZ) * * Quad 0123 uses a left normal * Quad 2345 uses an out normal * Quad 4567 uses a right normal * Quad 6789 uses an out normal */ topVertexCount = 8 * toothCount + 2; topStripCount[0] = topVertexCount; toothFacetVertexCount = 4; toothFacetCount = 4; QuadArray topGearTeeth = new QuadArray(toothCount * toothFacetVertexCount * toothFacetCount, GeometryArray.COORDINATES | GeometryArray.NORMALS); for(int count = 0; count < toothCount; count++) { index = count * toothFacetCount * toothFacetVertexCount; toothStartAngle = gearStartAngle + circularPitchAngle * (double)count; toothTopStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothTopAngleIncrement; toothDeclineStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothDeclineAngleIncrement; toothValleyStartAngle = toothStartAngle + toothValleyAngleIncrement; nextToothStartAngle = toothStartAngle + circularPitchAngle; xRoot0 = rootRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothStartAngle); yRoot0 = rootRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothStartAngle); xOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothTopStartAngle); yOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothTopStartAngle); xOuter2 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothDeclineStartAngle); yOuter2 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothDeclineStartAngle); xRoot3 = rootRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothValleyStartAngle); yRoot3 = rootRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothValleyStartAngle); xRoot4 = rootRadius * (float)Math.cos(nextToothStartAngle); yRoot4 = rootRadius * (float)Math.sin(nextToothStartAngle); // Compute normal for quad 1 tempCoordinate1.set(xRoot0, yRoot0, frontZ); tempCoordinate2.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipFrontZ); tempVector1.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); leftNormal.cross(frontNormal, tempVector1); leftNormal.normalize(); // Coordinate labeled 0 in the quad coordinate.set(xRoot0, yRoot0, rearZ); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index, coordinate); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index, leftNormal); // Coordinate labeled 1 in the quad coordinate.set(tempCoordinate1); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 1, coordinate); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 1, leftNormal); // Coordinate labeled 2 in the quad topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 2, tempCoordinate2); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 2, leftNormal); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 5, tempCoordinate2); // Coordinate labeled 3 in the quad coordinate.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipRearZ); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 3, coordinate); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 3, leftNormal); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 4, coordinate); // Compute normal for quad 2 tempCoordinate1.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipFrontZ); tempCoordinate2.set(xOuter2, yOuter2, toothTipFrontZ); tempVector1.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); outNormal.cross(frontNormal, tempVector1); outNormal.normalize(); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 4, outNormal); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 5, outNormal); // Coordinate labeled 4 in the quad topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 6, tempCoordinate2); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 6, outNormal); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 9, tempCoordinate2); // Coordinate labeled 5 in the quad coordinate.set(xOuter2, yOuter2, toothTipRearZ); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 7, coordinate); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 7, outNormal); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 8, coordinate); // Compute normal for quad 3 tempCoordinate1.set(xOuter2, yOuter2, toothTipFrontZ); tempCoordinate2.set(xRoot3, yRoot3, frontZ); tempVector1.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); rightNormal.cross(frontNormal, tempVector1); rightNormal.normalize(); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 8, rightNormal); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 9, rightNormal); // Coordinate labeled 7 in the quad topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 10, tempCoordinate2); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 10, rightNormal); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 13, tempCoordinate2); // Coordinate labeled 6 in the quad coordinate.set(xRoot3, yRoot3, rearZ); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 11, coordinate); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 11, rightNormal); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 12, coordinate); // Compute normal for quad 4 tempCoordinate1.set(xRoot3, yRoot3, frontZ); tempCoordinate2.set(xRoot4, yRoot4, frontZ); tempVector1.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); outNormal.cross(frontNormal, tempVector1); outNormal.normalize(); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 12, outNormal); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 13, outNormal); // Coordinate labeled 9 in the quad topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 14, tempCoordinate2); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 14, outNormal); // Coordinate labeled 8 in the quad coordinate.set(xRoot4, yRoot4, rearZ); topGearTeeth.setCoordinate(index + 15, coordinate); topGearTeeth.setNormal(index + 15, outNormal); // Prepare for the loop by computing the new normal toothTopStartAngle = nextToothStartAngle + toothTopAngleIncrement; xOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.cos(toothTopStartAngle); yOuter1 = outsideRadius * (float)Math.sin(toothTopStartAngle); tempCoordinate1.set(xRoot4, yRoot4, toothTipFrontZ); tempCoordinate2.set(xOuter1, yOuter1, toothTipFrontZ); tempVector1.sub(tempCoordinate2, tempCoordinate1); leftNormal.cross(frontNormal, tempVector1); leftNormal.normalize(); } newShape = new Shape3D(topGearTeeth, look); this.addChild(newShape); } }