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+##
+## Mailbox locations and namespaces
+##
+
+# Location for users' mailboxes. The default is empty, which means that Dovecot
+# tries to find the mailboxes automatically. This won't work if the user
+# doesn't yet have any mail, so you should explicitly tell Dovecot the full
+# location.
+#
+# If you're using mbox, giving a path to the INBOX file (eg. /var/mail/%u)
+# isn't enough. You'll also need to tell Dovecot where the other mailboxes are
+# kept. This is called the "root mail directory", and it must be the first
+# path given in the mail_location setting.
+#
+# There are a few special variables you can use, eg.:
+#
+# %u - username
+# %n - user part in user@domain, same as %u if there's no domain
+# %d - domain part in user@domain, empty if there's no domain
+# %h - home directory
+#
+# See doc/wiki/Variables.txt for full list. Some examples:
+#
+# mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
+# mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
+# mail_location = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
+#
+# <doc/wiki/MailLocation.txt>
+#
+# mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
+# mail_location =
+# mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
+mail_location = mdbox:~/mdbox
+
+# If you need to set multiple mailbox locations or want to change default
+# namespace settings, you can do it by defining namespace sections.
+#
+# You can have private, shared and public namespaces. Private namespaces
+# are for user's personal mails. Shared namespaces are for accessing other
+# users' mailboxes that have been shared. Public namespaces are for shared
+# mailboxes that are managed by sysadmin. If you create any shared or public
+# namespaces you'll typically want to enable ACL plugin also, otherwise all
+# users can access all the shared mailboxes, assuming they have permissions
+# on filesystem level to do so.
+namespace inbox {
+ # Namespace type: private, shared or public
+ type = private
+
+ # Hierarchy separator to use. You should use the same separator for all
+ # namespaces or some clients get confused. '/' is usually a good one.
+ # The default however depends on the underlying mail storage format.
+ #separator =
+
+ # Prefix required to access this namespace. This needs to be different for
+ # all namespaces. For example "Public/".
+ #prefix =
+
+ # Physical location of the mailbox. This is in same format as
+ # mail_location, which is also the default for it.
+ #location =
+
+ # There can be only one INBOX, and this setting defines which namespace
+ # has it.
+ inbox = yes
+
+ # If namespace is hidden, it's not advertised to clients via NAMESPACE
+ # extension. You'll most likely also want to set list=no. This is mostly
+ # useful when converting from another server with different namespaces which
+ # you want to deprecate but still keep working. For example you can create
+ # hidden namespaces with prefixes "~/mail/", "~%u/mail/" and "mail/".
+ hidden = no
+
+ # Show the mailboxes under this namespace with LIST command. This makes the
+ # namespace visible for clients that don't support NAMESPACE extension.
+ # "children" value lists child mailboxes, but hides the namespace prefix.
+ list = yes
+
+ # Namespace handles its own subscriptions. If set to "no", the parent
+ # namespace handles them (empty prefix should always have this as "yes")
+ subscriptions = yes
+}
+
+namespace local {
+ type = private
+ separator = /
+ prefix = Maildir/
+ location = maildir:~/Maildir
+ inbox = no
+ hidden = no
+ list = yes
+ subscriptions = no
+}
+
+# Example shared namespace configuration
+namespace {
+ type = shared
+ separator = /
+
+ # Mailboxes are visible under "shared/user@domain/"
+ # %%n, %%d and %%u are expanded to the destination user.
+ prefix = shared/%%u/
+
+ # Mail location for other users' mailboxes. Note that %variables and ~/
+ # expands to the logged in user's data. %%n, %%d, %%u and %%h expand to the
+ # destination user's data.
+ #location = maildir:%%h/Maildir:INDEX=~/Maildir/shared/%%u
+ location = mdbox:%%h/mdbox/
+
+ # Use the default namespace for saving subscriptions.
+ subscriptions = no
+
+ # List the shared/ namespace only if there are visible shared mailboxes.
+ list = children
+}
+
+# Should shared INBOX be visible as "shared/user" or "shared/user/INBOX"?
+#mail_shared_explicit_inbox = yes
+
+# System user and group used to access mails. If you use multiple, userdb
+# can override these by returning uid or gid fields. You can use either numbers
+# or names. <doc/wiki/UserIds.txt>
+#mail_uid =
+#mail_gid =
+
+# Group to enable temporarily for privileged operations. Currently this is
+# used only with INBOX when either its initial creation or dotlocking fails.
+# Typically this is set to "mail" to give access to /var/mail.
+#mail_privileged_group =
+
+# Grant access to these supplementary groups for mail processes. Typically
+# these are used to set up access to shared mailboxes. Note that it may be
+# dangerous to set these if users can create symlinks (e.g. if "mail" group is
+# set here, ln -s /var/mail ~/mail/var could allow a user to delete others'
+# mailboxes, or ln -s /secret/shared/box ~/mail/mybox would allow reading it).
+mail_access_groups = mail
+
+# Allow full filesystem access to clients. There's no access checks other than
+# what the operating system does for the active UID/GID. It works with both
+# maildir and mboxes, allowing you to prefix mailboxes names with eg. /path/
+# or ~user/.
+#mail_full_filesystem_access = no
+
+##
+## Mail processes
+##
+
+# Don't use mmap() at all. This is required if you store indexes to shared
+# filesystems (NFS or clustered filesystem).
+#mmap_disable = no
+
+# Rely on O_EXCL to work when creating dotlock files. NFS supports O_EXCL
+# since version 3, so this should be safe to use nowadays by default.
+#dotlock_use_excl = yes
+
+# When to use fsync() or fdatasync() calls:
+# optimized (default): Whenever necessary to avoid losing important data
+# always: Useful with e.g. NFS when write()s are delayed
+# never: Never use it (best performance, but crashes can lose data)
+#mail_fsync = optimized
+
+# Mail storage exists in NFS. Set this to yes to make Dovecot flush NFS caches
+# whenever needed. If you're using only a single mail server this isn't needed.
+#mail_nfs_storage = no
+# Mail index files also exist in NFS. Setting this to yes requires
+# mmap_disable=yes and fsync_disable=no.
+#mail_nfs_index = no
+
+# Locking method for index files. Alternatives are fcntl, flock and dotlock.
+# Dotlocking uses some tricks which may create more disk I/O than other locking
+# methods. NFS users: flock doesn't work, remember to change mmap_disable.
+#lock_method = fcntl
+
+# Directory in which LDA/LMTP temporarily stores incoming mails >128 kB.
+#mail_temp_dir = /tmp
+
+# Valid UID range for users, defaults to 500 and above. This is mostly
+# to make sure that users can't log in as daemons or other system users.
+# Note that denying root logins is hardcoded to dovecot binary and can't
+# be done even if first_valid_uid is set to 0.
+#first_valid_uid = 500
+#last_valid_uid = 0
+
+# Valid GID range for users, defaults to non-root/wheel. Users having
+# non-valid GID as primary group ID aren't allowed to log in. If user
+# belongs to supplementary groups with non-valid GIDs, those groups are
+# not set.
+#first_valid_gid = 1
+#last_valid_gid = 0
+
+# Maximum allowed length for mail keyword name. It's only forced when trying
+# to create new keywords.
+#mail_max_keyword_length = 50
+
+# ':' separated list of directories under which chrooting is allowed for mail
+# processes (ie. /var/mail will allow chrooting to /var/mail/foo/bar too).
+# This setting doesn't affect login_chroot, mail_chroot or auth chroot
+# settings. If this setting is empty, "/./" in home dirs are ignored.
+# WARNING: Never add directories here which local users can modify, that
+# may lead to root exploit. Usually this should be done only if you don't
+# allow shell access for users. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
+#valid_chroot_dirs =
+
+# Default chroot directory for mail processes. This can be overridden for
+# specific users in user database by giving /./ in user's home directory
+# (eg. /home/./user chroots into /home). Note that usually there is no real
+# need to do chrooting, Dovecot doesn't allow users to access files outside
+# their mail directory anyway. If your home directories are prefixed with
+# the chroot directory, append "/." to mail_chroot. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
+#mail_chroot =
+
+# UNIX socket path to master authentication server to find users.
+# This is used by imap (for shared users) and lda.
+auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-userdb
+
+# Directory where to look up mail plugins.
+#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules
+
+# Space separated list of plugins to load for all services. Plugins specific to
+# IMAP, LDA, etc. are added to this list in their own .conf files.
+mail_plugins = acl
+
+##
+## Mailbox handling optimizations
+##
+
+# The minimum number of mails in a mailbox before updates are done to cache
+# file. This allows optimizing Dovecot's behavior to do less disk writes at
+# the cost of more disk reads.
+#mail_cache_min_mail_count = 0
+
+# When IDLE command is running, mailbox is checked once in a while to see if
+# there are any new mails or other changes. This setting defines the minimum
+# time to wait between those checks. Dovecot can also use dnotify, inotify and
+# kqueue to find out immediately when changes occur.
+#mailbox_idle_check_interval = 30 secs
+
+# Save mails with CR+LF instead of plain LF. This makes sending those mails
+# take less CPU, especially with sendfile() syscall with Linux and FreeBSD.
+# But it also creates a bit more disk I/O which may just make it slower.
+# Also note that if other software reads the mboxes/maildirs, they may handle
+# the extra CRs wrong and cause problems.
+#mail_save_crlf = no
+
+# Max number of mails to keep open and prefetch to memory. This only works with
+# some mailbox formats and/or operating systems.
+#mail_prefetch_count = 0
+
+# How often to scan for stale temporary files and delete them (0 = never).
+# These should exist only after Dovecot dies in the middle of saving mails.
+#mail_temp_scan_interval = 1w
+
+##
+## Maildir-specific settings
+##
+
+# By default LIST command returns all entries in maildir beginning with a dot.
+# Enabling this option makes Dovecot return only entries which are directories.
+# This is done by stat()ing each entry, so it causes more disk I/O.
+# (For systems setting struct dirent->d_type, this check is free and it's
+# done always regardless of this setting)
+#maildir_stat_dirs = no
+
+# When copying a message, do it with hard links whenever possible. This makes
+# the performance much better, and it's unlikely to have any side effects.
+#maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes
+
+# Assume Dovecot is the only MUA accessing Maildir: Scan cur/ directory only
+# when its mtime changes unexpectedly or when we can't find the mail otherwise.
+#maildir_very_dirty_syncs = no
+
+# If enabled, Dovecot doesn't use the S=<size> in the Maildir filenames for
+# getting the mail's physical size, except when recalculating Maildir++ quota.
+# This can be useful in systems where a lot of the Maildir filenames have a
+# broken size. The performance hit for enabling this is very small.
+#maildir_broken_filename_sizes = no
+
+##
+## mbox-specific settings
+##
+
+# Which locking methods to use for locking mbox. There are four available:
+# dotlock: Create <mailbox>.lock file. This is the oldest and most NFS-safe
+# solution. If you want to use /var/mail/ like directory, the users
+# will need write access to that directory.
+# dotlock_try: Same as dotlock, but if it fails because of permissions or
+# because there isn't enough disk space, just skip it.
+# fcntl : Use this if possible. Works with NFS too if lockd is used.
+# flock : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
+# lockf : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
+#
+# You can use multiple locking methods; if you do the order they're declared
+# in is important to avoid deadlocks if other MTAs/MUAs are using multiple
+# locking methods as well. Some operating systems don't allow using some of
+# them simultaneously.
+#mbox_read_locks = fcntl
+#mbox_write_locks = dotlock fcntl
+
+# Maximum time to wait for lock (all of them) before aborting.
+#mbox_lock_timeout = 5 mins
+
+# If dotlock exists but the mailbox isn't modified in any way, override the
+# lock file after this much time.
+#mbox_dotlock_change_timeout = 2 mins
+
+# When mbox changes unexpectedly we have to fully read it to find out what
+# changed. If the mbox is large this can take a long time. Since the change
+# is usually just a newly appended mail, it'd be faster to simply read the
+# new mails. If this setting is enabled, Dovecot does this but still safely
+# fallbacks to re-reading the whole mbox file whenever something in mbox isn't
+# how it's expected to be. The only real downside to this setting is that if
+# some other MUA changes message flags, Dovecot doesn't notice it immediately.
+# Note that a full sync is done with SELECT, EXAMINE, EXPUNGE and CHECK
+# commands.
+#mbox_dirty_syncs = yes
+
+# Like mbox_dirty_syncs, but don't do full syncs even with SELECT, EXAMINE,
+# EXPUNGE or CHECK commands. If this is set, mbox_dirty_syncs is ignored.
+#mbox_very_dirty_syncs = no
+
+# Delay writing mbox headers until doing a full write sync (EXPUNGE and CHECK
+# commands and when closing the mailbox). This is especially useful for POP3
+# where clients often delete all mails. The downside is that our changes
+# aren't immediately visible to other MUAs.
+#mbox_lazy_writes = yes
+
+# If mbox size is smaller than this (e.g. 100k), don't write index files.
+# If an index file already exists it's still read, just not updated.
+#mbox_min_index_size = 0
+
+# Mail header selection algorithm to use for MD5 POP3 UIDLs when
+# pop3_uidl_format=%m. For backwards compatibility we use apop3d inspired
+# algorithm, but it fails if the first Received: header isn't unique in all
+# mails. An alternative algorithm is "all" that selects all headers.
+#mbox_md5 = apop3d
+
+##
+## mdbox-specific settings
+##
+
+# Maximum dbox file size until it's rotated.
+#mdbox_rotate_size = 2M
+
+# Maximum dbox file age until it's rotated. Typically in days. Day begins
+# from midnight, so 1d = today, 2d = yesterday, etc. 0 = check disabled.
+#mdbox_rotate_interval = 0
+
+# When creating new mdbox files, immediately preallocate their size to
+# mdbox_rotate_size. This setting currently works only in Linux with some
+# filesystems (ext4, xfs).
+#mdbox_preallocate_space = no
+
+##
+## Mail attachments
+##
+
+# sdbox and mdbox support saving mail attachments to external files, which
+# also allows single instance storage for them. Other backends don't support
+# this for now.
+
+# WARNING: This feature hasn't been tested much yet. Use at your own risk.
+
+# Directory root where to store mail attachments. Disabled, if empty.
+#mail_attachment_dir =
+
+# Attachments smaller than this aren't saved externally. It's also possible to
+# write a plugin to disable saving specific attachments externally.
+#mail_attachment_min_size = 128k
+
+# Filesystem backend to use for saving attachments:
+# posix : No SiS done by Dovecot (but this might help FS's own deduplication)
+# sis posix : SiS with immediate byte-by-byte comparison during saving
+# sis-queue posix : SiS with delayed comparison and deduplication
+#mail_attachment_fs = sis posix
+
+# Hash format to use in attachment filenames. You can add any text and
+# variables: %{md4}, %{md5}, %{sha1}, %{sha256}, %{sha512}, %{size}.
+# Variables can be truncated, e.g. %{sha256:80} returns only first 80 bits
+#mail_attachment_hash = %{sha1}