Bug 801: Reduce temp. object creation, i.e. GC load

12 files changed, 249 insertions, 216 deletions

diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/curve/opengl/TextRegionUtil.java b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/curve/opengl/TextRegionUtil.java
index 16b1224bd..f944843e9 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/curve/opengl/TextRegionUtil.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/curve/opengl/TextRegionUtil.java
@@ -63,6 +63,17 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
         public void visit(final OutlineShape shape, final AffineTransform t);
     }
 
+    public static int getCharCount(final String s, final char c) {
+        final int sz = s.length();
+        int count = 0;
+        for(int i=0; i<sz; i++) {
+            if( s.charAt(i) == c ) {
+                count++;
+            }
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Visit each {@link Font.Glyph}'s {@link OutlineShape} with the given {@link ShapeVisitor}
      * additionally passing the progressed {@link AffineTransform}.
@@ -72,9 +83,12 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
      * @param font the target {@link Font}
      * @param pixelSize Use {@link Font#getPixelSize(float, float)} for resolution correct pixel-size.
      * @param str string text
+     * @param temp1 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory, will be passed to {@link ShapeVisitor#visit(OutlineShape, AffineTransform)} and can be modified.
+     * @param temp2 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory, can be re-used in {@link ShapeVisitor#visit(OutlineShape, AffineTransform)} by user code.
      */
     public static void processString(final ShapeVisitor visitor, final AffineTransform transform,
-                                     final Font font, final float pixelSize, final CharSequence str) {
+                                     final Font font, final float pixelSize, final CharSequence str,
+                                     final AffineTransform temp1, AffineTransform temp2) {
         final int charCount = str.length();
 
         // region.setFlipped(true);
@@ -82,7 +96,6 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
         final float lineHeight = font.getLineHeight(pixelSize);
 
         final float scale = metrics.getScale(pixelSize);
-        final AffineTransform t = null != transform ? new AffineTransform(transform) : new AffineTransform();
 
         float y = 0;
         float advanceTotal = 0;
@@ -100,19 +113,19 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
                 }
                 // reset transform
                 if( null != transform ) {
-                    t.setTransform(transform);
+                    temp1.setTransform(transform);
                 } else {
-                    t.setToIdentity();
+                    temp1.setToIdentity();
                 }
-                t.translate(advanceTotal, y);
-                t.scale(scale, scale);
+                temp1.translate(advanceTotal, y, temp2);
+                temp1.scale(scale, scale, temp2);
 
                 final Font.Glyph glyph = font.getGlyph(character);
                 final OutlineShape glyphShape = glyph.getShape();
                 if( null == glyphShape ) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                visitor.visit(glyphShape, t);
+                visitor.visit(glyphShape, temp1);
 
                 advanceTotal += glyph.getAdvance(pixelSize, true);
             }
@@ -127,14 +140,17 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
      * @param pixelSize Use {@link Font#getPixelSize(float, float)} for resolution correct pixel-size.
      * @param str string text
      * @param rgbaColor if {@link Region#hasColorChannel()} RGBA color must be passed, otherwise value is ignored.
+     * @param temp1 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
+     * @param temp2 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
      */
     public static void addStringToRegion(final GLRegion region, final Factory<? extends Vertex> vertexFactory,
-                                         final Font font, final float pixelSize, final CharSequence str, final float[] rgbaColor) {
+                                         final Font font, final float pixelSize, final CharSequence str, final float[] rgbaColor,
+                                         final AffineTransform temp1, final AffineTransform temp2) {
         final ShapeVisitor visitor = new ShapeVisitor() {
             public final void visit(final OutlineShape shape, final AffineTransform t) {
                 region.addOutlineShape(shape, t, region.hasColorChannel() ? rgbaColor : null);
             } };
-        processString(visitor, null, font, pixelSize, str);
+        processString(visitor, null, font, pixelSize, str, temp1, temp2);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -163,7 +179,7 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
         GLRegion region = getCachedRegion(font, str, pixelSize, special);
         if(null == region) {
             region = GLRegion.create(renderModes);
-            addStringToRegion(region, renderer.getRenderState().getVertexFactory(), font, pixelSize, str, rgbaColor);
+            addStringToRegion(region, renderer.getRenderState().getVertexFactory(), font, pixelSize, str, rgbaColor, tempT1, tempT2);
             addCachedRegion(gl, font, str, pixelSize, special, region);
         }
         region.draw(gl, renderer, sampleCount);
@@ -175,7 +191,7 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
      * <p>
      * In case of a multisampling region renderer, i.e. {@link Region#VBAA_RENDERING_BIT}, recreating the {@link GLRegion}
      * is a huge performance impact.
-     * In such case better use {@link #drawString3D(GL2ES2, GLRegion, RegionRenderer, Font, float, CharSequence, float[], int[])}
+     * In such case better use {@link #drawString3D(GL2ES2, GLRegion, RegionRenderer, Font, float, CharSequence, float[], int[], AffineTransform, AffineTransform)}
      * instead.
      * </p>
      * @param gl the current GL state
@@ -186,16 +202,19 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
      * @param rgbaColor if {@link Region#hasColorChannel()} RGBA color must be passed, otherwise value is ignored.
      * @param sampleCount desired multisampling sample count for msaa-rendering.
      *        The actual used scample-count is written back when msaa-rendering is enabled, otherwise the store is untouched.
+     * @param temp1 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
+     * @param temp2 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
      * @throws Exception if TextRenderer not initialized
      */
     public static void drawString3D(final GL2ES2 gl, final int renderModes,
                                     final RegionRenderer renderer, final Font font, final float pixelSize,
-                                    final CharSequence str, final float[] rgbaColor, final int[/*1*/] sampleCount) {
+                                    final CharSequence str, final float[] rgbaColor, final int[/*1*/] sampleCount,
+                                    final AffineTransform temp1, final AffineTransform temp2) {
         if(!renderer.isInitialized()){
             throw new GLException("TextRendererImpl01: not initialized!");
         }
         final GLRegion region = GLRegion.create(renderModes);
-        addStringToRegion(region, renderer.getRenderState().getVertexFactory(), font, pixelSize, str, rgbaColor);
+        addStringToRegion(region, renderer.getRenderState().getVertexFactory(), font, pixelSize, str, rgbaColor, temp1, temp2);
         region.draw(gl, renderer, sampleCount);
         region.destroy(gl);
     }
@@ -210,16 +229,19 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
      * @param rgbaColor if {@link Region#hasColorChannel()} RGBA color must be passed, otherwise value is ignored.
      * @param sampleCount desired multisampling sample count for msaa-rendering.
      *        The actual used scample-count is written back when msaa-rendering is enabled, otherwise the store is untouched.
+     * @param temp1 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
+     * @param temp2 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
      * @throws Exception if TextRenderer not initialized
      */
     public static void drawString3D(final GL2ES2 gl, final GLRegion region, final RegionRenderer renderer,
                                     final Font font, final float pixelSize, final CharSequence str,
-                                    final float[] rgbaColor, final int[/*1*/] sampleCount) {
+                                    final float[] rgbaColor, final int[/*1*/] sampleCount,
+                                    final AffineTransform temp1, final AffineTransform temp2) {
         if(!renderer.isInitialized()){
             throw new GLException("TextRendererImpl01: not initialized!");
         }
         region.clear(gl);
-        addStringToRegion(region, renderer.getRenderState().getVertexFactory(), font, pixelSize, str, rgbaColor);
+        addStringToRegion(region, renderer.getRenderState().getVertexFactory(), font, pixelSize, str, rgbaColor, temp1, temp2);
         region.draw(gl, renderer, sampleCount);
     }
 
@@ -321,6 +343,8 @@ public class TextRegionUtil {
    /** Default cache limit, see {@link #setCacheLimit(int)} */
    public static final int DEFAULT_CACHE_LIMIT = 256;
 
+   public final AffineTransform tempT1 = new AffineTransform();
+   public final AffineTransform tempT2 = new AffineTransform();
    private final HashMap<String, GLRegion> stringCacheMap = new HashMap<String, GLRegion>(DEFAULT_CACHE_LIMIT);
    private final ArrayList<String> stringCacheArray = new ArrayList<String>(DEFAULT_CACHE_LIMIT);
    private int stringCacheLimit = DEFAULT_CACHE_LIMIT;
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/font/Font.java b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/font/Font.java
index 811ab9d94..92d35768b 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/font/Font.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/font/Font.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright 2010 JogAmp Community. All rights reserved.
+// * Copyright 2010 JogAmp Community. All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
  * permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ package com.jogamp.graph.font;
 import jogamp.graph.geom.plane.AffineTransform;
 
 import com.jogamp.graph.curve.OutlineShape;
-import com.jogamp.graph.curve.opengl.TextRegionUtil.ShapeVisitor;
 import com.jogamp.opengl.math.geom.AABBox;
 
 /**
@@ -82,17 +81,18 @@ public interface Font {
      * Horizontal http://developer.apple.com/fonts/TTRefMan/RM06/Chap6hhea.html
      */
     public interface Metrics {
-        float getAscent(float pixelSize);
-        float getDescent(float pixelSize);
-        float getLineGap(float pixelSize);
-        float getMaxExtend(float pixelSize);
-        float getScale(float pixelSize);
+        float getAscent(final float pixelSize);
+        float getDescent(final float pixelSize);
+        float getLineGap(final float pixelSize);
+        float getMaxExtend(final float pixelSize);
+        float getScale(final float pixelSize);
         /**
+         * @param dest AABBox instance set to this metrics boundary w/ given pixelSize
          * @param pixelSize
          * @param tmpV3 caller provided temporary 3-component vector
-         * @return
+         * @return the given and set AABBox 'dest'
          */
-        AABBox getBBox(float pixelSize, float[] tmpV3);
+        AABBox getBBox(final AABBox dest, final float pixelSize, final float[] tmpV3);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -113,28 +113,29 @@ public interface Font {
         public char getSymbol();
         public short getID();
         public AABBox getBBox();
-        public float getScale(float pixelSize);
+        public float getScale(final float pixelSize);
         /**
+         * @param dest AABBox instance set to this metrics boundary w/ given pixelSize
          * @param pixelSize
          * @param tmpV3 caller provided temporary 3-component vector
-         * @return
+         * @return the given and set AABBox 'dest'
          */
-        public AABBox getBBox(float pixelSize, float[] tmpV3);
-        public float getAdvance(float pixelSize, boolean useFrationalMetrics);
+        public AABBox getBBox(final AABBox dest, final float pixelSize, float[] tmpV3);
+        public float getAdvance(final float pixelSize, boolean useFrationalMetrics);
         public OutlineShape getShape();
         public int hashCode();
     }
 
 
-    public String getName(int nameIndex);
-    public StringBuilder getName(StringBuilder string, int nameIndex);
+    public String getName(final int nameIndex);
+    public StringBuilder getName(final StringBuilder string, final int nameIndex);
 
     /** Shall return the family and subfamily name, separated a dash.
      * <p>{@link #getName(StringBuilder, int)} w/ {@link #NAME_FAMILY} and {@link #NAME_SUBFAMILY}</p>
      * <p>Example: "{@code Ubuntu-Regular}"</p>  */
-    public StringBuilder getFullFamilyName(StringBuilder buffer);
+    public StringBuilder getFullFamilyName(final StringBuilder buffer);
 
-    public StringBuilder getAllNames(StringBuilder string, String separator);
+    public StringBuilder getAllNames(final StringBuilder string, final String separator);
 
     /**
      * <pre>
@@ -150,36 +151,39 @@ public interface Font {
      * @param resolution display resolution in dots-per-inch
      * @return pixel-per-inch, pixelSize scale factor for font operations.
      */
-    public float getPixelSize(float fontSize /* points per inch */, float resolution);
+    public float getPixelSize(final float fontSize /* points per inch */, final float resolution);
 
-    public float getAdvanceWidth(int glyphID, float pixelSize);
+    public float getAdvanceWidth(final int glyphID, final float pixelSize);
     public Metrics getMetrics();
-    public Glyph getGlyph(char symbol);
+    public Glyph getGlyph(final char symbol);
     public int getNumGlyphs();
 
-    public float getLineHeight(float pixelSize);
-    public float getMetricWidth(CharSequence string, float pixelSize);
-    public float getMetricHeight(CharSequence string, float pixelSize);
+    public float getLineHeight(final float pixelSize);
+    public float getMetricWidth(final CharSequence string, final float pixelSize);
+    public float getMetricHeight(final CharSequence string, final float pixelSize, final AABBox tmp);
     /**
      * Return the <i>layout</i> bounding box as computed by each glyph's metrics.
      * The result is not pixel correct, bit reflects layout specific metrics.
      * <p>
-     * See {@link #getPointsBounds(AffineTransform, CharSequence, float)} for pixel correct results.
+     * See {@link #getPointsBounds(AffineTransform, CharSequence, float, AffineTransform, AffineTransform)} for pixel correct results.
      * </p>
      * @param string string text
      * @param pixelSize Use {@link Font#getPixelSize(float, float)} for resolution correct pixel-size.
      */
-    public AABBox getMetricBounds(CharSequence string, float pixelSize);
+    public AABBox getMetricBounds(final CharSequence string, final float pixelSize);
 
     /**
      * Return the bounding box by taking each glyph's point-based bounding box into account.
      * @param transform optional given transform
      * @param string string text
      * @param pixelSize Use {@link Font#getPixelSize(float, float)} for resolution correct pixel-size.
+     * @param temp1 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
+     * @param temp2 temporary AffineTransform storage, mandatory
      */
-    public AABBox getPointsBounds(final AffineTransform transform, CharSequence string, float pixelSize);
+    public AABBox getPointsBounds(final AffineTransform transform, final CharSequence string, final float pixelSize,
+                                  final AffineTransform temp1, final AffineTransform temp2);
 
-    public boolean isPrintableChar( char c );
+    public boolean isPrintableChar(final char c);
 
     /** Shall return {@link #getFullFamilyName()} */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/Outline.java b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/Outline.java
index 80aea2af4..15a45b056 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/Outline.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/Outline.java
@@ -47,18 +47,35 @@ import com.jogamp.opengl.math.geom.AABBox;
  *
  *  @see OutlineShape, Region
  */
-public class Outline implements Cloneable, Comparable<Outline> {
+public class Outline implements Comparable<Outline> {
 
-    private ArrayList<Vertex> vertices = new ArrayList<Vertex>(3);
-    private boolean closed = false;
-    private AABBox bbox = new AABBox();
-    private boolean dirtyBBox = false;
+    private ArrayList<Vertex> vertices;
+    private boolean closed;
+    private final AABBox bbox;
+    private boolean dirtyBBox;
 
     /**Create an outline defined by control vertices.
      * An outline can contain off Curve vertices which define curved
      * regions in the outline.
      */
     public Outline() {
+        vertices = new ArrayList<Vertex>(3);
+        closed = false;
+        bbox = new AABBox();
+        dirtyBBox = false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copy ctor
+     */
+    public Outline(final Outline src) {
+        vertices = new ArrayList<Vertex>(src.vertices.size());
+        for(int i=0; i<vertices.size(); i++) {
+            vertices.add( src.vertices.get(i).clone() );
+        }
+        closed = src.closed;
+        bbox = new AABBox(src.bbox);
+        dirtyBBox = src.dirtyBBox;
     }
 
     public final int getVertexCount() {
@@ -257,21 +274,4 @@ public class Outline implements Cloneable, Comparable<Outline> {
         }
         return true;
     }
-
-    /**
-     * @return deep clone of this Outline
-     */
-    @Override
-    public Outline clone() {
-        Outline o;
-        try {
-            o = (Outline) super.clone();
-        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { throw new InternalError(); }
-        o.bbox = bbox.clone();
-        o.vertices = new ArrayList<Vertex>(vertices.size());
-        for(int i=0; i<vertices.size(); i++) {
-            o.vertices.add(vertices.get(i).clone());
-        }
-        return o;
-    }
 }
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/SVertex.java b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/SVertex.java
index d13607d71..579f92455 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/SVertex.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/graph/geom/SVertex.java
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ public class SVertex implements Vertex {
     }
 
     public SVertex(final Vertex src) {
-        this.id = src.getId();
+        this.id = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
         System.arraycopy(src.getCoord(), 0, coord, 0, 3);
-        setOnCurve(src.isOnCurve());
         System.arraycopy(src.getTexCoord(), 0, texCoord, 0, 3);
+        setOnCurve(src.isOnCurve());
     }
 
     public SVertex(final int id, final boolean onCurve, final float[] texCoordsBuffer) {
@@ -99,13 +99,6 @@ public class SVertex implements Vertex {
         setOnCurve(onCurve);
     }
 
-    public SVertex(float[] coordsBuffer, float[] texCoordsBuffer, boolean onCurve) {
-        this.id = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
-        System.arraycopy(coordsBuffer, 0, coord, 0, 3);
-        System.arraycopy(texCoordsBuffer, 0, texCoord, 0, 3);
-        setOnCurve(onCurve);
-    }
-
     @Override
     public final void setCoord(float x, float y, float z) {
         coord[0] = x;
@@ -215,7 +208,7 @@ public class SVertex implements Vertex {
      */
     @Override
     public SVertex clone(){
-        return new SVertex(this.coord, this.texCoord, this.onCurve);
+        return new SVertex(this);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/opengl/math/geom/AABBox.java b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/opengl/math/geom/AABBox.java
index 23a0032d2..8a0bf37a0 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/opengl/math/geom/AABBox.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/com/jogamp/opengl/math/geom/AABBox.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ import com.jogamp.opengl.util.PMVMatrix;
  * </p>
  *
  */
-public class AABBox implements Cloneable {
+public class AABBox {
     private static final boolean DEBUG = FloatUtil.DEBUG;
     private final float[] low = new float[3];
     private final float[] high = new float[3];
@@ -70,9 +70,7 @@ public class AABBox implements Cloneable {
      * @param src the box value to be used for the new instance
      */
     public AABBox(AABBox src) {
-        System.arraycopy(src.low, 0, low, 0, 3);
-        System.arraycopy(src.high, 0, high, 0, 3);
-        System.arraycopy(src.center, 0, center, 0, 3);
+        copy(src);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -90,12 +88,13 @@ public class AABBox implements Cloneable {
         setSize(lx, ly, lz, hx, hy, hz);
     }
 
-    /** Create a AABBox defining the low and high
+    /**
+     * Create a AABBox defining the low and high
      * @param low min xyz-coordinates
      * @param high max xyz-coordinates
      */
     public AABBox(final float[] low, final float[] high) {
-        setSize(low[0],low[1],low[2], high[0],high[1],high[2]);
+        setSize(low, high);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -144,6 +143,31 @@ public class AABBox implements Cloneable {
     }
 
     /**
+     * Copy given AABBox 'src' values to this AABBox.
+     *
+     * @param src source AABBox
+     * @return this AABBox for chaining
+     */
+    public final AABBox copy(AABBox src) {
+        System.arraycopy(src.low, 0, low, 0, 3);
+        System.arraycopy(src.high, 0, high, 0, 3);
+        System.arraycopy(src.center, 0, center, 0, 3);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set size of the AABBox specifying the coordinates
+     * of the low and high.
+     *
+     * @param low min xyz-coordinates
+     * @param high max xyz-coordinates
+     * @return this AABBox for chaining
+     */
+    public final AABBox setSize(final float[] low, final float[] high) {
+        return setSize(low[0],low[1],low[2], high[0],high[1],high[2]);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Set size of the AABBox specifying the coordinates
      * of the low and high.
      *
@@ -510,11 +534,6 @@ public class AABBox implements Cloneable {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public final AABBox clone() {
-        return new AABBox(this);
-    }
-
-    @Override
     public final boolean equals(Object obj) {
         if( obj == this ) {
             return true;
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/javax/media/opengl/GLBufferStorage.java b/src/jogl/classes/javax/media/opengl/GLBufferStorage.java
index 929ecf60a..b36e87101 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/javax/media/opengl/GLBufferStorage.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/javax/media/opengl/GLBufferStorage.java
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ import java.nio.IntBuffer;
  */
 public abstract class GLBufferStorage {
         private final int name;
-        private final long size;
-        private final int mutableUsage;
-        private final int immutableFlags;
-        protected ByteBuffer mappedBuffer;
+        private /* final */ long size;
+        private /* final */ int mutableUsage;
+        private /* final */ int immutableFlags;
+        private ByteBuffer mappedBuffer;
 
         protected GLBufferStorage(final int name, final long size, final int mutableUsage, final int immutableFlags) {
             this.name = name;
@@ -91,6 +91,16 @@ public abstract class GLBufferStorage {
             this.mappedBuffer = null;
         }
 
+        protected void reset(final long size, final int mutableUsage, final int immutableFlags) {
+            this.size = size;
+            this.mutableUsage = mutableUsage;
+            this.immutableFlags = immutableFlags;
+            this.mappedBuffer = null;
+        }
+        protected void setMappedBuffer(final ByteBuffer buffer) {
+            this.mappedBuffer = buffer;
+        }
+
         /** Return the buffer name */
         public final int getName() { return name; }
 
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastFont.java b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastFont.java
index cd48cd8d6..5fb61387a 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastFont.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastFont.java
@@ -38,10 +38,8 @@ import jogamp.graph.geom.plane.AffineTransform;
 
 import com.jogamp.common.util.IntObjectHashMap;
 import com.jogamp.graph.curve.OutlineShape;
-import com.jogamp.graph.curve.Region;
 import com.jogamp.graph.font.Font;
 import com.jogamp.graph.font.FontFactory;
-import com.jogamp.graph.font.Font.Glyph;
 import com.jogamp.graph.geom.SVertex;
 import com.jogamp.graph.geom.Vertex;
 import com.jogamp.opengl.math.geom.AABBox;
@@ -251,7 +249,7 @@ class TypecastFont implements Font {
             if (character == '\n') {
                 width = 0;
             } else {
-                Glyph glyph = getGlyph(character);
+                final Glyph glyph = getGlyph(character);
                 width += glyph.getAdvance(pixelSize, false);
             }
         }
@@ -259,14 +257,14 @@ class TypecastFont implements Font {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public float getMetricHeight(CharSequence string, float pixelSize) {
+    public float getMetricHeight(CharSequence string, float pixelSize, final AABBox tmp) {
         int height = 0;
 
         for (int i=0; i<string.length(); i++) {
             final char character = string.charAt(i);
             if (character != ' ') {
                 final Glyph glyph = getGlyph(character);
-                AABBox bbox = glyph.getBBox(pixelSize, tmpV3);
+                final AABBox bbox = glyph.getBBox(tmp, pixelSize, tmpV3);
                 height = (int)Math.ceil(Math.max(bbox.getHeight(), height));
             }
         }
@@ -301,14 +299,14 @@ class TypecastFont implements Font {
         return new AABBox(0, 0, 0, totalWidth, totalHeight,0);
     }
     @Override
-    public AABBox getPointsBounds(final AffineTransform transform, CharSequence string, float pixelSize) {
+    public AABBox getPointsBounds(final AffineTransform transform, final CharSequence string, final float pixelSize,
+                                  final AffineTransform temp1, final AffineTransform temp2) {
         if (string == null) {
             return new AABBox();
         }
         final int charCount = string.length();
         final float lineHeight = getLineHeight(pixelSize);
         final float scale = getMetrics().getScale(pixelSize);
-        final AffineTransform t = null != transform ? new AffineTransform(transform) : new AffineTransform();
         final AABBox tbox = new AABBox();
         final AABBox res = new AABBox();
 
@@ -325,16 +323,16 @@ class TypecastFont implements Font {
             } else {
                 // reset transform
                 if( null != transform ) {
-                    t.setTransform(transform);
+                    temp1.setTransform(transform);
                 } else {
-                    t.setToIdentity();
+                    temp1.setToIdentity();
                 }
-                t.translate(advanceTotal, y);
-                t.scale(scale, scale);
+                temp1.translate(advanceTotal, y, temp2);
+                temp1.scale(scale, scale, temp2);
                 tbox.reset();
 
                 final Font.Glyph glyph = getGlyph(character);
-                res.resize(t.transform(glyph.getBBox(), tbox));
+                res.resize(temp1.transform(glyph.getBBox(), tbox));
 
                 final OutlineShape glyphShape = glyph.getShape();
                 if( null == glyphShape ) {
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastGlyph.java b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastGlyph.java
index b0e283278..2246b4a3c 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastGlyph.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastGlyph.java
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@
  */
 package jogamp.graph.font.typecast;
 
-import java.util.HashMap;
-
+import com.jogamp.common.util.IntIntHashMap;
 import com.jogamp.graph.curve.OutlineShape;
 import com.jogamp.graph.font.Font;
 import com.jogamp.opengl.math.geom.AABBox;
@@ -38,42 +37,45 @@ public class TypecastGlyph implements Font.Glyph {
     {
         private final Font      font;
         private final float     advance;
-        HashMap<Float, Float> size2advance = new HashMap<Float, Float>();
+        private final IntIntHashMap size2advanceI = new IntIntHashMap();
 
-        public Advance(Font font, float advance)
+        public Advance(final Font font, final float advance)
         {
             this.font = font;
             this.advance = advance;
+            size2advanceI.setKeyNotFoundValue(0);
         }
 
         public void reset() {
-            size2advance.clear();
+            size2advanceI.clear();
         }
 
-        public float getScale(float pixelSize)
+        public float getScale(final float pixelSize)
         {
             return this.font.getMetrics().getScale(pixelSize);
         }
 
-        public void add(float advance, float size)
+        public void add(final float advance, final float size)
         {
-            size2advance.put(size, advance);
+            size2advanceI.put(Float.floatToIntBits(size), Float.floatToIntBits(advance));
         }
 
-        public float get(float size, boolean useFrationalMetrics)
+        public float get(final float size, final boolean useFrationalMetrics)
         {
-            final Float fo = size2advance.get(size);
-            if(null == fo) {
-                float value = (this.advance * getScale(size));
-                if (useFrationalMetrics == false) {
-                    //value = (float)Math.ceil(value);
-                    // value = (int)value;
-                    value = (int) ( value + 0.5f ) ; // TODO: check
-                }
-                size2advance.put(size, value);
-                return value;
+            final int sI = Float.floatToIntBits(size);
+            final int aI = size2advanceI.get(sI);
+            if( 0 != aI ) {
+                return Float.intBitsToFloat(aI);
+            }
+            final float a;
+            if ( useFrationalMetrics ) {
+                a = this.advance * getScale(size);
+            } else {
+                // a = Math.ceil(this.advance * getScale(size));
+                a = Math.round(this.advance * getScale(size)); // TODO: check whether ceil should be used instead?
             }
-            return fo.floatValue();
+            size2advanceI.put(sI, Float.floatToIntBits(a));
+            return a;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ public class TypecastGlyph implements Font.Glyph {
         {
             return "\nAdvance:"+
                 "\n  advance: "+this.advance+
-                "\n advances: \n"+size2advance;
+                "\n advances: \n"+size2advanceI;
         }
     }
 
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ public class TypecastGlyph implements Font.Glyph {
         private final AABBox    bbox;
         private final Advance advance;
 
-        public Metrics(Font font, AABBox bbox, float advance)
+        public Metrics(final Font font, final AABBox bbox, final float advance)
         {
             this.bbox = bbox;
             this.advance = new Advance(font, advance);
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ public class TypecastGlyph implements Font.Glyph {
             advance.reset();
         }
 
-        public float getScale(float pixelSize)
+        public float getScale(final float pixelSize)
         {
             return this.advance.getScale(pixelSize);
         }
@@ -110,12 +112,12 @@ public class TypecastGlyph implements Font.Glyph {
             return this.bbox;
         }
 
-        public void addAdvance(float advance, float size)
+        public void addAdvance(final float advance, final float size)
         {
             this.advance.add(advance, size);
         }
 
-        public float getAdvance(float size, boolean useFrationalMetrics)
+        public float getAdvance(final float size, final boolean useFrationalMetrics)
         {
             return this.advance.get(size, useFrationalMetrics);
         }
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ public class TypecastGlyph implements Font.Glyph {
     private final int advance;
     private final Metrics metrics;
 
-    protected TypecastGlyph(Font font, char symbol, short id, AABBox bbox, int advance, OutlineShape shape) {
+    protected TypecastGlyph(final Font font, final char symbol, final short id, final AABBox bbox, final int advance, final OutlineShape shape) {
         this.font = font;
         this.symbol = symbol;
         this.shape = shape;
@@ -183,24 +185,21 @@ public class TypecastGlyph implements Font.Glyph {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public final float getScale(float pixelSize) {
+    public final float getScale(final float pixelSize) {
         return this.metrics.getScale(pixelSize);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public final AABBox getBBox(float pixelSize, float[] tmpV3) {
-        final float size = getScale(pixelSize);
-        AABBox newBox = getBBox().clone();
-        newBox.scale(size, tmpV3);
-        return newBox;
+    public final AABBox getBBox(final AABBox dest, final float pixelSize, final float[] tmpV3) {
+        return dest.copy(getBBox()).scale(getScale(pixelSize), tmpV3);
     }
 
-    protected final void addAdvance(float advance, float size) {
+    protected final void addAdvance(final float advance, final float size) {
         this.metrics.addAdvance(advance, size);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public final float getAdvance(float pixelSize, boolean useFrationalMetrics) {
+    public final float getAdvance(final float pixelSize, final boolean useFrationalMetrics) {
         return this.metrics.getAdvance(pixelSize, useFrationalMetrics);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastHMetrics.java b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastHMetrics.java
index 4064e6463..be8ab8f69 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastHMetrics.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/font/typecast/TypecastHMetrics.java
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class TypecastHMetrics implements Metrics {
     // VheaTable (for horizontal fonts)
     // private final VheaTable vheaTable;
 
-    public TypecastHMetrics(TypecastFont fontImpl) {
+    public TypecastHMetrics(final TypecastFont fontImpl) {
         this.fontImpl = fontImpl;
         headTable = this.fontImpl.font.getHeadTable();
         hheaTable = this.fontImpl.font.getHheaTable();
@@ -62,29 +62,27 @@ class TypecastHMetrics implements Metrics {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public final float getAscent(float pixelSize) {
+    public final float getAscent(final float pixelSize) {
         return getScale(pixelSize) * -hheaTable.getAscender(); // invert
     }
     @Override
-    public final float getDescent(float pixelSize) {
+    public final float getDescent(final float pixelSize) {
         return getScale(pixelSize) * -hheaTable.getDescender(); // invert
     }
     @Override
-    public final float getLineGap(float pixelSize) {
+    public final float getLineGap(final float pixelSize) {
         return getScale(pixelSize) * -hheaTable.getLineGap(); // invert
     }
     @Override
-    public final float getMaxExtend(float pixelSize) {
+    public final float getMaxExtend(final float pixelSize) {
         return getScale(pixelSize) * hheaTable.getXMaxExtent();
     }
     @Override
-    public final float getScale(float pixelSize) {
+    public final float getScale(final float pixelSize) {
         return pixelSize * unitsPerEM_Inv;
     }
     @Override
-    public final AABBox getBBox(float pixelSize, float[] tmpV3) {
-        AABBox res = new AABBox(bbox.getLow(), bbox.getHigh());
-        res.scale(getScale(pixelSize), tmpV3);
-        return res;
+    public final AABBox getBBox(final AABBox dest, final float pixelSize, final float[] tmpV3) {
+        return dest.setSize(bbox.getLow(), bbox.getHigh()).scale(getScale(pixelSize), tmpV3);
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/geom/plane/AffineTransform.java b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/geom/plane/AffineTransform.java
index 04b9d3bcd..2a30fa6ec 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/geom/plane/AffineTransform.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/geom/plane/AffineTransform.java
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ public class AffineTransform implements Cloneable {
         return m00 * m11 - m01 * m10;
     }
 
-    public final void setTransform(float m00, float m10, float m01, float m11, float m02, float m12) {
+    public final AffineTransform setTransform(float m00, float m10, float m01, float m11, float m02, float m12) {
         this.type = TYPE_UNKNOWN;
         this.m00 = m00;
         this.m10 = m10;
@@ -216,20 +216,23 @@ public class AffineTransform implements Cloneable {
         this.m11 = m11;
         this.m02 = m02;
         this.m12 = m12;
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public final void setTransform(AffineTransform t) {
+    public final AffineTransform setTransform(AffineTransform t) {
         type = t.type;
         setTransform(t.m00, t.m10, t.m01, t.m11, t.m02, t.m12);
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public final void setToIdentity() {
+    public final AffineTransform setToIdentity() {
         type = TYPE_IDENTITY;
         m00 = m11 = 1.0f;
         m10 = m01 = m02 = m12 = 0.0f;
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public final void setToTranslation(float mx, float my) {
+    public final AffineTransform setToTranslation(float mx, float my) {
         m00 = m11 = 1.0f;
         m01 = m10 = 0.0f;
         m02 = mx;
@@ -239,9 +242,10 @@ public class AffineTransform implements Cloneable {
         } else {
             type = TYPE_TRANSLATION;
         }
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public final void setToScale(float scx, float scy) {
+    public final AffineTransform setToScale(float scx, float scy) {
         m00 = scx;
         m11 = scy;
         m10 = m01 = m02 = m12 = 0.0f;
@@ -250,9 +254,10 @@ public class AffineTransform implements Cloneable {
         } else {
             type = TYPE_IDENTITY;
         }
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public final void setToShear(float shx, float shy) {
+    public final AffineTransform setToShear(float shx, float shy) {
         m00 = m11 = 1.0f;
         m02 = m12 = 0.0f;
         m01 = shx;
@@ -262,9 +267,10 @@ public class AffineTransform implements Cloneable {
         } else {
             type = TYPE_IDENTITY;
         }
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public final void setToRotation(float angle) {
+    public final AffineTransform setToRotation(float angle) {
         float sin = FloatUtil.sin(angle);
         float cos = FloatUtil.cos(angle);
         if (FloatUtil.abs(cos) < ZERO) {
@@ -280,63 +286,35 @@ public class AffineTransform implements Cloneable {
         m10 = sin;
         m02 = m12 = 0.0f;
         type = TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public final void setToRotation(float angle, float px, float py) {
+    public final AffineTransform setToRotation(float angle, float px, float py) {
         setToRotation(angle);
         m02 = px * (1.0f - m00) + py * m10;
         m12 = py * (1.0f - m00) - px * m10;
         type = TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+        return this;
     }
 
-    public static AffineTransform getTranslateInstance(float mx, float my) {
-        AffineTransform t = new AffineTransform();
-        t.setToTranslation(mx, my);
-        return t;
-    }
-
-    public static AffineTransform getScaleInstance(float scx, float scY) {
-        AffineTransform t = new AffineTransform();
-        t.setToScale(scx, scY);
-        return t;
-    }
-
-    public static AffineTransform getShearInstance(float shx, float shy) {
-        AffineTransform t = new AffineTransform();
-        t.setToShear(shx, shy);
-        return t;
-    }
-
-    public static AffineTransform getRotateInstance(float angle) {
-        AffineTransform t = new AffineTransform();
-        t.setToRotation(angle);
-        return t;
-    }
-
-    public static AffineTransform getRotateInstance(float angle, float x, float y) {
-        AffineTransform t = new AffineTransform();
-        t.setToRotation(angle, x, y);
-        return t;
-    }
-
-    public final AffineTransform translate(float mx, float my) {
-        return concatenate(AffineTransform.getTranslateInstance(mx, my));
+    public final AffineTransform translate(float mx, float my, AffineTransform tmp) {
+        return concatenate(tmp.setToTranslation(mx, my));
     }
 
-    public final AffineTransform scale(float scx, float scy) {
-        return concatenate(AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(scx, scy));
+    public final AffineTransform scale(float scx, float scy, AffineTransform tmp) {
+        return concatenate(tmp.setToScale(scx, scy));
     }
 
-    public final AffineTransform shear(float shx, float shy) {
-        return concatenate(AffineTransform.getShearInstance(shx, shy));
+    public final AffineTransform shear(float shx, float shy, AffineTransform tmp) {
+        return concatenate(tmp.setToShear(shx, shy));
     }
 
-    public final AffineTransform rotate(float angle) {
-        return concatenate(AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(angle));
+    public final AffineTransform rotate(float angle, AffineTransform tmp) {
+        return concatenate(tmp.setToRotation(angle));
     }
 
-    public final AffineTransform rotate(float angle, float px, float py) {
-        return concatenate(AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(angle, px, py));
+    public final AffineTransform rotate(float angle, float px, float py, AffineTransform tmp) {
+        return concatenate(tmp.setToRotation(angle, px, py));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/GLBufferObjectTracker.java b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/GLBufferObjectTracker.java
index 2351826cb..483b9b526 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/GLBufferObjectTracker.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/GLBufferObjectTracker.java
@@ -109,11 +109,11 @@ public class GLBufferObjectTracker {
         GLBufferStorageImpl(final int name, final long size, final int mutableUsage, final int immutableFlags) {
             super(name, size, mutableUsage, immutableFlags);
         }
-        final void setMappedBuffer(final ByteBuffer bb) {
-            if (DEBUG) {
-                System.err.printf("%s.GLBufferStorage.setMappedBuffer: %s: %s -> %s%n", msgClazzName, toString(true), mappedBuffer, bb);
-            }
-            mappedBuffer = bb;
+        protected final void reset(final long size, final int mutableUsage, final int immutableFlags) {
+            super.reset(size, mutableUsage, immutableFlags);
+        }
+        protected final void setMappedBuffer(final ByteBuffer buffer) {
+            super.setMappedBuffer(buffer);
         }
     }
 
@@ -169,13 +169,18 @@ public class GLBufferObjectTracker {
             throw new GLException(String.format("GL-Error 0x%X while creating %s storage for target 0x%X -> buffer %d of size %d with data %s",
                     glerrPost, mutableBuffer ? "mutable" : "immutable", target, bufferName, size, data));
         }
-        final GLBufferStorageImpl objNew = new GLBufferStorageImpl(bufferName, size, mutableUsage, immutableFlags);
-        final GLBufferStorageImpl objOld = (GLBufferStorageImpl) bufferName2StorageMap.put(bufferName, objNew);
-        if (DEBUG) {
-            System.err.printf("%s.%s target: 0x%X -> %d: %s -> %s%n", msgClazzName, msgCreateBound, target, bufferName, objOld, objNew);
-        }
+        final GLBufferStorageImpl objOld = (GLBufferStorageImpl) bufferName2StorageMap.get(bufferName);
         if( null != objOld ) {
-            objOld.setMappedBuffer(null);
+            objOld.reset(size, mutableUsage, immutableFlags);
+            if (DEBUG) {
+                System.err.printf("%s.%s target: 0x%X -> reset %d: %s%n", msgClazzName, msgCreateBound, target, bufferName, objOld);
+            }
+        } else {
+            final GLBufferStorageImpl objNew = new GLBufferStorageImpl(bufferName, size, mutableUsage, immutableFlags);
+            bufferName2StorageMap.put(bufferName, objNew);
+            if (DEBUG) {
+                System.err.printf("%s.%s target: 0x%X -> new %d: %s%n", msgClazzName, msgCreateBound, target, bufferName, objNew);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -209,13 +214,18 @@ public class GLBufferObjectTracker {
             throw new GLException(String.format("GL-Error 0x%X while creating %s storage for buffer %d of size %d with data %s",
                                                 glerrPost, "mutable", bufferName, size, data));
         }
-        final GLBufferStorageImpl objNew = new GLBufferStorageImpl(bufferName, size, mutableUsage, 0 /* immutableFlags */);
-        final GLBufferStorageImpl objOld = (GLBufferStorageImpl) bufferName2StorageMap.put(bufferName, objNew);
-        if (DEBUG) {
-            System.err.printf("%s.%s direct: %d: %s -> %s%n", msgClazzName, msgCreateNamed, bufferName, objOld, objNew);
-        }
+        final GLBufferStorageImpl objOld = (GLBufferStorageImpl) bufferName2StorageMap.get(bufferName);
         if( null != objOld ) {
-            objOld.setMappedBuffer(null);
+            objOld.reset(size, mutableUsage, immutableFlags);
+            if (DEBUG) {
+                System.err.printf("%s.%s direct: reset %d: %s%n", msgClazzName, msgCreateNamed, bufferName, objOld);
+            }
+        } else {
+            final GLBufferStorageImpl objNew = new GLBufferStorageImpl(bufferName, size, mutableUsage, immutableFlags);
+            bufferName2StorageMap.put(bufferName, objNew);
+            if (DEBUG) {
+                System.err.printf("%s.%s direct: new %d: %s%n", msgClazzName, msgCreateNamed, bufferName, objNew);
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/util/glsl/GLSLArrayHandler.java b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/util/glsl/GLSLArrayHandler.java
index 1f402f48b..e9fb91086 100644
--- a/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/util/glsl/GLSLArrayHandler.java
+++ b/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/opengl/util/glsl/GLSLArrayHandler.java
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ public class GLSLArrayHandler extends GLVBOArrayHandler {
     }
   }
 
+  private final int[] tempI = new int[1];
+
   private final void enableShaderState(GL2ES2 glsl, boolean enable, ShaderState st) {
     if(enable) {
         /*
@@ -99,9 +101,8 @@ public class GLSLArrayHandler extends GLVBOArrayHandler {
             } else if(st.getAttribLocation(glsl, ad) >= 0) {
                 // didn't experience a performance hit on this query ..
                 // (using ShaderState's location query above to validate the location)
-                final int[] qi = new int[1];
-                glsl.glGetVertexAttribiv(ad.getLocation(), GL2ES2.GL_VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_BUFFER_BINDING, qi, 0);
-                if(ad.getVBOName() != qi[0]) {
+                glsl.glGetVertexAttribiv(ad.getLocation(), GL2ES2.GL_VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_BUFFER_BINDING, tempI, 0);
+                if(ad.getVBOName() != tempI[0]) {
                     glsl.glBindBuffer(ad.getVBOTarget(), ad.getVBOName());
                     st.vertexAttribPointer(glsl, ad);
                     glsl.glBindBuffer(ad.getVBOTarget(), 0);
@@ -151,9 +152,8 @@ public class GLSLArrayHandler extends GLVBOArrayHandler {
             } else {
                 // didn't experience a performance hit on this query ..
                 // (using ShaderState's location query above to validate the location)
-                final int[] qi = new int[1];
-                glsl.glGetVertexAttribiv(location, GL2ES2.GL_VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_BUFFER_BINDING, qi, 0);
-                if(ad.getVBOName() != qi[0]) {
+                glsl.glGetVertexAttribiv(location, GL2ES2.GL_VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_BUFFER_BINDING, tempI, 0);
+                if(ad.getVBOName() != tempI[0]) {
                     glsl.glBindBuffer(ad.getVBOTarget(), ad.getVBOName());
                     glsl.glVertexAttribPointer(ad);
                     glsl.glBindBuffer(ad.getVBOTarget(), 0);