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-rw-r--r--demos/vertexArrayRange/VertexArrayRange.java692
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diff --git a/demos/vertexArrayRange/VertexArrayRange.java b/demos/vertexArrayRange/VertexArrayRange.java
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+import java.awt.*;
+import java.awt.event.*;
+import java.nio.*;
+import java.util.*;
+
+import net.java.games.jogl.*;
+
+/** <P> A port of NVidia's [tm] Vertex Array Range demonstration to
+ OpenGL[tm] for Java[tm] and the Java programming language. The
+ current web site for the demo (which does not appear to contain
+ the original C++ source code for this demo) is <a href =
+ "http://developer.nvidia.com/view.asp?IO=Using_GL_NV_fence">here</a>. </P>
+
+ <P> This demonstration requires the following:
+
+ <ul>
+ <li> A JDK 1.4 implementation
+ <li> an NVidia GeForce-based card
+ <li> a recent set of drivers
+ </ul>
+
+ </P>
+
+ <P> This demonstration illustrates the effective use of the
+ java.nio direct buffer classes in JDK 1.4 to access memory outside
+ of the Java garbage-collected heap, in particular that returned
+ from the NVidia-specific routine wglAllocateMemoryNV. This memory
+ region is used in conjunction with glVertexArrayRangeNV. </P>
+
+ <P> On a 750 MHz PIII with an SDRAM memory bus and a GeForce 256
+ running the Java HotSpot[tm] Client VM and OpenGL for Java 2.8,
+ this demonstration attains 90% of the speed of the compiled C++
+ code, with a frame rate of 27 FPS, compared to 30 FPS for the C++
+ version. On higher-end hardware (a dual 667 MHz PIII with RDRAM
+ and a GeForce 2) the demo currently attains between 65% and 75% of
+ C++ speed with the HotSpot Client and Server compilers,
+ respectively. </P> */
+
+public class VertexArrayRange {
+ private boolean[] b = new boolean[256];
+ private static final int SIZEOF_FLOAT = 4;
+ private static final int STRIP_SIZE = 48;
+ private int tileSize = 9 * STRIP_SIZE;
+ private int numBuffers = 4;
+ private int bufferLength = 1000000;
+ private int bufferSize = bufferLength * SIZEOF_FLOAT;
+ private static final int SIN_ARRAY_SIZE = 1024;
+
+ private FloatBuffer bigArrayVar;
+ private FloatBuffer bigArraySystem;
+ private FloatBuffer bigArray;
+ private int[][] elements;
+ private float[] xyArray;
+
+ static class VarBuffer {
+ public FloatBuffer vertices;
+ public FloatBuffer normals;
+ public int fence;
+ }
+ private VarBuffer[] buffers;
+
+ private float[] sinArray;
+ private float[] cosArray;
+
+ // Primitive: GL_QUAD_STRIP, GL_LINE_STRIP, or GL_POINTS
+ private int primitive = GL.GL_QUAD_STRIP;
+
+ // Animation parameters
+ private float hicoef = .06f;
+ private float locoef = .10f;
+ private float hifreq = 6.1f;
+ private float lofreq = 2.5f;
+ private float phaseRate = .02f;
+ private float phase2Rate = -0.12f;
+ private float phase = 0;
+ private float phase2 = 0;
+
+ // Temporaries for computation
+ float[] ysinlo = new float[STRIP_SIZE];
+ float[] ycoslo = new float[STRIP_SIZE];
+ float[] ysinhi = new float[STRIP_SIZE];
+ float[] ycoshi = new float[STRIP_SIZE];
+
+ // For thread-safety when dealing with keypresses
+ private volatile boolean toggleVAR = false;
+ private volatile boolean toggleLighting = false;
+ private volatile boolean toggleLightingModel = false;
+ private volatile boolean recomputeElements = false;
+ private volatile boolean quit = false;
+
+ // Frames-per-second computation
+ private boolean firstProfiledFrame;
+ private int profiledFrameCount;
+ private int numDrawElementsCalls;
+ private long startTimeMillis;
+
+ private GLCanvas canvas = null;
+
+ static class PeriodicIterator {
+ public PeriodicIterator(int arraySize,
+ float period,
+ float initialOffset,
+ float delta) {
+ float arrayDelta = arraySize * (delta / period); // floating-point steps-per-increment
+ increment = (int)(arrayDelta * (1<<16)); // fixed-point steps-per-increment
+
+ float offset = arraySize * (initialOffset / period); // floating-point initial index
+ initOffset = (int)(offset * (1<<16)); // fixed-point initial index
+
+ arraySizeMask = 0;
+ int i = 20; // array should be reasonably sized...
+ while((arraySize & (1<<i)) == 0) {
+ i--;
+ }
+ arraySizeMask = (1<<i)-1;
+ index = initOffset;
+ }
+
+ public PeriodicIterator(PeriodicIterator arg) {
+ this.arraySizeMask = arg.arraySizeMask;
+ this.increment = arg.increment;
+ this.initOffset = arg.initOffset;
+ this.index = arg.index;
+ }
+
+ public int getIndex() {
+ return (index >> 16) & arraySizeMask;
+ }
+
+ public void incr() {
+ index += increment;
+ }
+
+ public void decr() {
+ index -= increment;
+ }
+
+ public void reset() {
+ index = initOffset;
+ }
+
+ //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ // Internals only below this point
+ //
+
+ private int arraySizeMask;
+ // fraction bits == 16
+ private int increment;
+ private int initOffset;
+ private int index;
+ }
+
+ public static void usage(String className) {
+ System.out.println("usage: java " + className + " [-slow]");
+ System.out.println("-slow flag starts up using data in the Java heap");
+ System.exit(0);
+ }
+
+ public static void main(String[] args) {
+ new VertexArrayRange().run(args);
+ }
+
+ public void run(String[] args) {
+ boolean startSlow = false;
+
+ if (args.length > 1) {
+ usage(getClass().getName());
+ }
+
+ if (args.length == 1) {
+ if (args[0].equals("-slow")) {
+ startSlow = true;
+ } else {
+ usage(getClass().getName());
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!startSlow) {
+ setFlag('v', true); // VAR on
+ }
+ setFlag(' ', true); // animation on
+ setFlag('i', true); // infinite viewer and light
+
+ canvas = GLDrawableFactory.getFactory().createGLCanvas(new GLCapabilities());
+ // canvas.setGL(new TraceGL(canvas.getGL(), System.err));
+ // canvas.setGL(new DebugGL(canvas.getGL()));
+ VARListener listener = new VARListener();
+ canvas.addGLEventListener(listener);
+
+ final Animator animator = new Animator(canvas);
+
+ Frame frame = new Frame("Very Simple NV_vertex_array_range demo");
+ frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
+ canvas.setSize(800, 800);
+ frame.add(canvas, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+ frame.pack();
+ frame.show();
+ canvas.requestFocus();
+
+ frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
+ public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
+ animator.stop();
+ System.exit(0);
+ }
+ });
+
+ animator.start();
+ }
+
+ //----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ // Internals only below this point
+ //
+
+ private void setFlag(char key, boolean val) {
+ b[((int) key) & 0xFF] = val;
+ }
+
+ private boolean getFlag(char key) {
+ return b[((int) key) & 0xFF];
+ }
+
+ private void ensurePresent(String function) {
+ if (!canvas.getGL().isFunctionAvailable(function)) {
+ throw new RuntimeException("OpenGL routine \"" + function + "\" not available");
+ }
+ }
+
+ class VARListener implements GLEventListener {
+ boolean exiting = false;
+
+ public void init(GLDrawable drawable) {
+ GL gl = drawable.getGL();
+ GLU glu = drawable.getGLU();
+
+ // Try and disable synch-to-retrace for fastest framerate
+ if (gl.isFunctionAvailable("wglSwapIntervalEXT")) {
+ System.err.println("wglSwapIntervalEXT available; disabling sync-to-refresh for best framerate");
+ gl.wglSwapIntervalEXT(0);
+ }
+ else {
+ System.err.println("wglSwapIntervalEXT not available; cannot disable sync-to-refresh");
+ }
+
+ try {
+ ensurePresent("glVertexArrayRangeNV");
+ ensurePresent("glGenFencesNV");
+ ensurePresent("glSetFenceNV");
+ ensurePresent("glTestFenceNV");
+ ensurePresent("glFinishFenceNV");
+ ensurePresent("glAllocateMemoryNV");
+ } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+ runExit();
+ throw (e);
+ }
+
+ gl.glEnable(GL.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+
+ gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
+
+ gl.glEnable(GL.GL_LIGHT0);
+ gl.glEnable(GL.GL_LIGHTING);
+ gl.glEnable(GL.GL_NORMALIZE);
+ gl.glMaterialfv(GL.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL.GL_AMBIENT, new float[] {.1f, .1f, 0, 1});
+ gl.glMaterialfv(GL.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL.GL_DIFFUSE, new float[] {.6f, .6f, .1f, 1});
+ gl.glMaterialfv(GL.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL.GL_SPECULAR, new float[] { 1, 1, .75f, 1});
+ gl.glMaterialf(GL.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL.GL_SHININESS, 128.f);
+
+ gl.glLightfv(GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_POSITION, new float[] { .5f, 0, .5f, 0});
+ gl.glLightModeli(GL.GL_LIGHT_MODEL_LOCAL_VIEWER, 0);
+
+ // NOTE: it looks like GLUT (or something else) sets up the
+ // projection matrix in the C version of this demo.
+ gl.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_PROJECTION);
+ gl.glLoadIdentity();
+ glu.gluPerspective(60, 1.0, 0.1, 100);
+ gl.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW);
+
+ allocateBigArray(gl, true);
+ allocateBuffersAndFences(gl);
+
+ sinArray = new float[SIN_ARRAY_SIZE];
+ cosArray = new float[SIN_ARRAY_SIZE];
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < SIN_ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
+ double step = i * 2 * Math.PI / SIN_ARRAY_SIZE;
+ sinArray[i] = (float) Math.sin(step);
+ cosArray[i] = (float) Math.cos(step);
+ }
+
+ if (getFlag('v')) {
+ gl.glEnableClientState(GL.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY_RANGE_NV);
+ gl.glVertexArrayRangeNV(bufferSize, bigArrayVar);
+ bigArray = bigArrayVar;
+ } else {
+ bigArray = bigArraySystem;
+ }
+ setupBuffers();
+ gl.glEnableClientState(GL.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
+ gl.glEnableClientState(GL.GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
+
+ computeElements();
+
+ drawable.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
+ public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
+ dispatchKey(e.getKeyChar());
+ }
+ });
+ }
+
+ private void allocateBuffersAndFences(GL gl) {
+ buffers = new VarBuffer[numBuffers];
+ int[] fences = new int[1];
+ for (int i = 0; i < numBuffers; i++) {
+ buffers[i] = new VarBuffer();
+ gl.glGenFencesNV(1, fences);
+ buffers[i].fence = fences[0];
+ }
+ }
+
+ private void setupBuffers() {
+ int sliceSize = bufferLength / numBuffers;
+ for (int i = 0; i < numBuffers; i++) {
+ int startIndex = i * sliceSize;
+ buffers[i].vertices = sliceBuffer(bigArray, startIndex, sliceSize);
+ buffers[i].normals = sliceBuffer(buffers[i].vertices, 3,
+ buffers[i].vertices.limit() - 3);
+ }
+ }
+
+ private void dispatchKey(char k) {
+ setFlag(k, !getFlag(k));
+ // Quit on escape or 'q'
+ if ((k == (char) 27) || (k == 'q')) {
+ runExit();
+ }
+
+ if (k == 'r') {
+ if (getFlag(k)) {
+ profiledFrameCount = 0;
+ numDrawElementsCalls = 0;
+ firstProfiledFrame = true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (k == 'w') {
+ if (getFlag(k)) {
+ primitive = GL.GL_LINE_STRIP;
+ } else {
+ primitive = GL.GL_QUAD_STRIP;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (k == 'p') {
+ if (getFlag(k)) {
+ primitive = GL.GL_POINTS;
+ } else {
+ primitive = GL.GL_QUAD_STRIP;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (k == 'v') {
+ toggleVAR = true;
+ }
+
+ if (k == 'd') {
+ toggleLighting = true;
+ }
+
+ if (k == 'i') {
+ toggleLightingModel = true;
+ }
+
+ if('h'==k)
+ hicoef += .005;
+ if('H'==k)
+ hicoef -= .005;
+ if('l'==k)
+ locoef += .005;
+ if('L'==k)
+ locoef -= .005;
+ if('1'==k)
+ lofreq += .1f;
+ if('2'==k)
+ lofreq -= .1f;
+ if('3'==k)
+ hifreq += .1f;
+ if('4'==k)
+ hifreq -= .1f;
+ if('5'==k)
+ phaseRate += .01f;
+ if('6'==k)
+ phaseRate -= .01f;
+ if('7'==k)
+ phase2Rate += .01f;
+ if('8'==k)
+ phase2Rate -= .01f;
+
+ if('t'==k) {
+ if(tileSize < 864) {
+ tileSize += STRIP_SIZE;
+ recomputeElements = true;
+ System.err.println("tileSize = " + tileSize);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if('T'==k) {
+ if(tileSize > STRIP_SIZE) {
+ tileSize -= STRIP_SIZE;
+ recomputeElements = true;
+ System.err.println("tileSize = " + tileSize);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ public void display(GLDrawable drawable) {
+ // Don't try to do OpenGL operations if we're tearing things down
+ if (quit) {
+ return;
+ }
+
+ GL gl = drawable.getGL();
+ GLU glu = drawable.getGLU();
+
+ // Check to see whether to animate
+ if (getFlag(' ')) {
+ phase += phaseRate;
+ phase2 += phase2Rate;
+
+ if (phase > (float) (20 * Math.PI)) {
+ phase = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (phase2 < (float) (-20 * Math.PI)) {
+ phase2 = 0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ PeriodicIterator loX =
+ new PeriodicIterator(SIN_ARRAY_SIZE, (float) (2 * Math.PI), phase, (float) ((1.f/tileSize)*lofreq*Math.PI));
+ PeriodicIterator loY = new PeriodicIterator(loX);
+ PeriodicIterator hiX =
+ new PeriodicIterator(SIN_ARRAY_SIZE, (float) (2 * Math.PI), phase2, (float) ((1.f/tileSize)*hifreq*Math.PI));
+ PeriodicIterator hiY = new PeriodicIterator(hiX);
+
+ if (toggleVAR) {
+ if (getFlag('v')) {
+ gl.glEnableClientState(GL.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY_RANGE_NV);
+ gl.glVertexArrayRangeNV(bufferSize, bigArrayVar);
+ bigArray = bigArrayVar;
+ } else {
+ gl.glDisableClientState(GL.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY_RANGE_NV);
+ bigArray = bigArraySystem;
+ }
+ toggleVAR = false;
+ setupBuffers();
+ }
+
+ if (toggleLighting) {
+ if (getFlag('d')) {
+ gl.glDisable(GL.GL_LIGHTING);
+ } else {
+ gl.glEnable(GL.GL_LIGHTING);
+ }
+ toggleLighting = false;
+ }
+
+ if (toggleLightingModel) {
+ if(getFlag('i')) {
+ // infinite light
+ gl.glLightfv(GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_POSITION, new float[] { .5f, 0, .5f, 0 });
+ gl.glLightModeli(GL.GL_LIGHT_MODEL_LOCAL_VIEWER, 0);
+ } else {
+ gl.glLightfv(GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_POSITION, new float[] { .5f, 0, -.5f,1 });
+ gl.glLightModeli(GL.GL_LIGHT_MODEL_LOCAL_VIEWER, 1);
+ }
+ toggleLightingModel = false;
+ }
+
+ if (recomputeElements) {
+ computeElements();
+ recomputeElements = false;
+ }
+
+ gl.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+
+ gl.glPushMatrix();
+
+ final float[] modelViewMatrix = new float[] {
+ 1, 0, 0, 0,
+ 0, 1, 0, 0,
+ 0, 0, 1, 0,
+ 0, 0, -1, 1
+ };
+ gl.glLoadMatrixf(modelViewMatrix);
+
+ // FIXME: add mouse interaction
+ // camera.apply_inverse_transform();
+ // object.apply_transform();
+
+ int cur = 0;
+ int numSlabs = tileSize / STRIP_SIZE;
+
+ for(int slab = numSlabs; --slab>=0; ) {
+ cur = slab % numBuffers;
+ if (slab >= numBuffers) {
+ if (!gl.glTestFenceNV(buffers[cur].fence)) {
+ gl.glFinishFenceNV(buffers[cur].fence);
+ }
+ }
+
+ FloatBuffer v = buffers[cur].vertices;
+ int vertexIndex = 0;
+
+ gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL.GL_FLOAT, 6 * SIZEOF_FLOAT, v);
+ gl.glNormalPointer(GL.GL_FLOAT, 6 * SIZEOF_FLOAT, buffers[cur].normals);
+
+ for(int jj=STRIP_SIZE; --jj>=0; ) {
+ ysinlo[jj] = sinArray[loY.getIndex()];
+ ycoslo[jj] = cosArray[loY.getIndex()]; loY.incr();
+ ysinhi[jj] = sinArray[hiY.getIndex()];
+ ycoshi[jj] = cosArray[hiY.getIndex()]; hiY.incr();
+ }
+ loY.decr();
+ hiY.decr();
+
+ for(int i = tileSize; --i>=0; ) {
+ float x = xyArray[i];
+ int loXIndex = loX.getIndex();
+ int hiXIndex = hiX.getIndex();
+
+ int jOffset = (STRIP_SIZE-1)*slab;
+ float nx = locoef * -cosArray[loXIndex] + hicoef * -cosArray[hiXIndex];
+
+ // Help the HotSpot Client Compiler by hoisting loop
+ // invariant variables into locals. Note that this may be
+ // good practice for innermost loops anyway since under
+ // the new memory model operations like accidental
+ // synchronization may force any compiler to reload these
+ // fields from memory, destroying their ability to
+ // optimize.
+ float locoef_tmp = locoef;
+ float hicoef_tmp = hicoef;
+ float[] ysinlo_tmp = ysinlo;
+ float[] ysinhi_tmp = ysinhi;
+ float[] ycoslo_tmp = ycoslo;
+ float[] ycoshi_tmp = ycoshi;
+ float[] sinArray_tmp = sinArray;
+ float[] xyArray_tmp = xyArray;
+
+ for(int j = STRIP_SIZE; --j>=0; ) {
+ float y;
+
+ y = xyArray_tmp[j + jOffset];
+
+ float ny;
+
+ v.put(vertexIndex, x);
+ v.put(vertexIndex + 1, y);
+ v.put(vertexIndex + 2, (locoef_tmp * (sinArray_tmp[loXIndex] + ysinlo_tmp[j]) +
+ hicoef_tmp * (sinArray_tmp[hiXIndex] + ysinhi_tmp[j])));
+ v.put(vertexIndex + 3, nx);
+ ny = locoef_tmp * -ycoslo_tmp[j] + hicoef_tmp * -ycoshi_tmp[j];
+ v.put(vertexIndex + 4, ny);
+ v.put(vertexIndex + 5, .15f); //.15f * (1.f - sqrt(nx * nx + ny * ny));
+ vertexIndex += 6;
+ }
+ loX.incr();
+ hiX.incr();
+ }
+ loX.reset();
+ hiX.reset();
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+ ++numDrawElementsCalls;
+ gl.glDrawElements(primitive, elements[i].length, GL.GL_UNSIGNED_INT, elements[i]);
+ if(getFlag('f')) {
+ gl.glFlush();
+ }
+ }
+
+ gl.glSetFenceNV(buffers[cur].fence, GL.GL_ALL_COMPLETED_NV);
+ }
+
+ gl.glPopMatrix();
+
+ gl.glFinishFenceNV(buffers[cur].fence);
+
+ if (getFlag('r')) {
+ if (!firstProfiledFrame) {
+ if (++profiledFrameCount == 30) {
+ long endTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+ double secs = (endTimeMillis - startTimeMillis) / 1000.0;
+ double fps = 30.0 / secs;
+ double ppf = tileSize * tileSize * 2;
+ double mpps = ppf * fps / 1000000.0;
+ System.err.println("fps: " + fps + " polys/frame: " + ppf + " million polys/sec: " + mpps +
+ " DrawElements calls/frame: " + (numDrawElementsCalls / 30));
+ profiledFrameCount = 0;
+ numDrawElementsCalls = 0;
+ startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+ }
+ } else {
+ startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+ firstProfiledFrame = false;
+
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ public void reshape(GLDrawable drawable, int x, int y, int width, int height) {}
+
+ // Unused routines
+ public void displayChanged(GLDrawable drawable, boolean modeChanged, boolean deviceChanged) {}
+
+ private void runExit() {
+ quit = true;
+ // Note: calling System.exit() synchronously inside the draw,
+ // reshape or init callbacks can lead to deadlocks on certain
+ // platforms (in particular, X11) because the JAWT's locking
+ // routines cause a global AWT lock to be grabbed. Run the
+ // exit routine in another thread and cause this one to
+ // terminate by throwing an exception out of it.
+ new Thread(new Runnable() {
+ public void run() {
+ System.exit(0);
+ }
+ }).start();
+ }
+ } // end class VARListener
+
+ private void allocateBigArray(GL gl, boolean tryAgain) {
+ float priority = .5f;
+
+ bigArraySystem = setupBuffer(ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(bufferSize));
+
+ float megabytes = (bufferSize / 1000000.f);
+ try {
+ bigArrayVar = setupBuffer(gl.glAllocateMemoryNV(bufferSize, 0, 0, priority));
+ }
+ catch (OutOfMemoryError e1) {
+ // Try a higher priority
+ try {
+ bigArrayVar = setupBuffer(gl.glAllocateMemoryNV(bufferSize, 0, 0, 1.f));
+ }
+ catch (OutOfMemoryError e2) {
+ if (!tryAgain) {
+ throw new RuntimeException("Unable to allocate " + megabytes +
+ " megabytes of fast memory. Giving up.");
+ }
+
+ System.err.println("Unable to allocate " + megabytes +
+ " megabytes of fast memory. Trying less.");
+ bufferSize /= 2;
+ numBuffers /= 2;
+ allocateBigArray(gl, false);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ System.err.println("Allocated " + megabytes + " megabytes of fast memory");
+ }
+
+ private FloatBuffer setupBuffer(ByteBuffer buf) {
+ buf.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
+ return buf.asFloatBuffer();
+ }
+
+ private FloatBuffer sliceBuffer(FloatBuffer array,
+ int sliceStartIndex, int sliceLength) {
+ array.position(sliceStartIndex);
+ FloatBuffer ret = array.slice();
+ array.position(0);
+ ret.limit(sliceLength);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ private void computeElements() {
+ xyArray = new float[tileSize];
+ for (int i = 0; i < tileSize; i++) {
+ xyArray[i] = i / (tileSize - 1.0f) - 0.5f;
+ }
+
+ elements = new int[tileSize - 1][];
+ for (int i = 0; i < tileSize - 1; i++) {
+ elements[i] = new int[2 * STRIP_SIZE];
+ for (int j = 0; j < 2 * STRIP_SIZE; j += 2) {
+ elements[i][j] = i * STRIP_SIZE + (j / 2);
+ elements[i][j+1] = (i + 1) * STRIP_SIZE + (j / 2);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
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