path: root/src/jogl/classes/jogamp/graph/curve/opengl/VBORegion2PVBAAES2.java

/**
 * Copyright 2010-2023 JogAmp Community. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
 * permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
 *       conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list
 *       of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
 *       provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY JogAmp Community ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL JogAmp Community OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
 * ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
 * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * The views and conclusions contained in the software and documentation are those of the
 * authors and should not be interpreted as representing official policies, either expressed
 * or implied, of JogAmp Community.
 */
package jogamp.graph.curve.opengl;

import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.nio.IntBuffer;
import java.nio.ShortBuffer;

import com.jogamp.opengl.GL2ES2;
import com.jogamp.opengl.GLProfile;
import com.jogamp.opengl.GL;
import com.jogamp.opengl.GLUniformData;

import jogamp.graph.curve.opengl.shader.AttributeNames;
import jogamp.graph.curve.opengl.shader.UniformNames;
import jogamp.opengl.Debug;

import com.jogamp.common.util.PropertyAccess;
import com.jogamp.graph.curve.Region;
import com.jogamp.graph.curve.opengl.GLRegion;
import com.jogamp.graph.curve.opengl.RegionRenderer;
import com.jogamp.graph.curve.opengl.RenderState;
import com.jogamp.opengl.FBObject;
import com.jogamp.opengl.FBObject.Attachment;
import com.jogamp.opengl.FBObject.TextureAttachment;
import com.jogamp.opengl.math.FloatUtil;
import com.jogamp.opengl.math.Matrix4f;
import com.jogamp.opengl.math.Recti;
import com.jogamp.opengl.math.geom.AABBox;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.GLArrayDataServer;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.SyncMatrices4f16;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.glsl.ShaderProgram;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.texture.Texture;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.texture.TextureCoords;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.texture.TextureSequence;

public final class VBORegion2PVBAAES2  extends GLRegion {
    private static final boolean DEBUG_FBO_1 = false;
    private static final boolean DEBUG_FBO_2 = false;

    /**
     * Boundary triggering FBO resize if
     * <pre>
     *      fbo[Width|Height] - targetFbo[Width|Height] > RESIZE_BOUNDARY.
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * Increasing the FBO will add RESIZE_BOUNDARY/2.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * Reducing FBO resize to gain performance.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * Defaults to disabled since:
     *   - not working properly
     *   - FBO texture rendered > than desired size
     *   - FBO resize itself should be fast enough ?!
     * </p>
     */
    private static final int RESIZE_BOUNDARY;

    static {
        Debug.initSingleton();
        final String key = "jogl.debug.graph.curve.vbaa.resizeLowerBoundary";
        RESIZE_BOUNDARY = Math.max(0, PropertyAccess.getIntProperty(key, true, 0));
        if( RESIZE_BOUNDARY > 0 ) {
            System.err.println("key: "+RESIZE_BOUNDARY);
        }
    }


    private final RenderState.ProgramLocal rsLocal;

    // Pass-1:
    private int curVerticesCap = 0;
    private int curIndicesCap = 0;
    private GLArrayDataServer gca_VerticesAttr;
    private GLArrayDataServer gca_CurveParamsAttr;
    private GLArrayDataServer gca_ColorsAttr;
    private GLArrayDataServer indicesBuffer;
    private final GLUniformData gcu_ColorTexUnit;
    private final float[] colorTexBBox; // x0, y0, x1, y1
    private final GLUniformData gcu_ColorTexBBox;
    private ShaderProgram spPass1 = null;

    // Pass-2:
    private GLArrayDataServer gca_FboVerticesAttr;
    private GLArrayDataServer gca_FboTexCoordsAttr;
    private GLArrayDataServer indicesFbo;
    private final GLUniformData gcu_FboTexUnit;
    private final GLUniformData gcu_FboTexSize;
    private final Matrix4f matP = new Matrix4f();
    private final Matrix4f matMv = new Matrix4f();
    private final SyncMatrices4f16 pmvMatrix02 = new SyncMatrices4f16( new Matrix4f[] { matP, matMv } );
    private final GLUniformData gcu_PMVMatrix02;
    private ShaderProgram spPass2 = null;

    private FBObject fbo;
    private TextureAttachment texA;

    private int fboWidth = 0;
    private int fboHeight = 0;
    private boolean fboDirty = true;

    final int[] maxTexSize = new int[] { -1 } ;

    /**
     * <p>
     * Since multiple {@link Region}s may share one
     * {@link ShaderProgram} managed and owned by {@link RegionRendered}, the uniform data must always be updated.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param gl
     * @param renderer
     * @param curRenderModes
     * @param pass1
     * @param quality
     * @param sampleCount
     */
    public void useShaderProgram(final GL2ES2 gl, final RegionRenderer renderer, final int curRenderModes, final boolean pass1, final int quality, final int sampleCount) {
        final boolean isTwoPass = Region.isTwoPass( curRenderModes );
        final boolean hasColorChannel = Region.hasColorChannel( curRenderModes );
        final boolean hasColorTexture = Region.hasColorTexture( curRenderModes ) && null != colorTexSeq;

        final RenderState rs = renderer.getRenderState();
        final boolean updateLocGlobal = renderer.useShaderProgram(gl, curRenderModes, pass1, quality, sampleCount, colorTexSeq);
        final ShaderProgram sp = renderer.getRenderState().getShaderProgram();
        final boolean updateLocLocal;
        if( pass1 ) {
            updateLocLocal = !sp.equals(spPass1);
            spPass1 = sp;
            if( DEBUG ) {
                System.err.println("XXX changedSP.p1 updateLocation loc "+updateLocLocal+" / glob "+updateLocGlobal);
            }
            if( updateLocLocal ) {
                rs.updateAttributeLoc(gl, true, gca_VerticesAttr, true);
                rs.updateAttributeLoc(gl, true, gca_CurveParamsAttr, true);
                if( hasColorChannel && null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
                    rs.updateAttributeLoc(gl, true, gca_ColorsAttr, true);
                }
            }
            rsLocal.update(gl, rs, updateLocLocal, curRenderModes, true, true);
            if( isTwoPass ) {
                rs.updateUniformLoc(gl, updateLocLocal, gcu_PMVMatrix02, true);
            }
            if( hasColorTexture && null != gcu_ColorTexUnit ) {
                rs.updateUniformLoc(gl, updateLocLocal, gcu_ColorTexUnit, true);
                rs.updateUniformLoc(gl, updateLocLocal, gcu_ColorTexBBox, true);
            }
        } else {
            updateLocLocal = !sp.equals(spPass2);
            spPass2 = sp;
            if( DEBUG ) {
                System.err.println("XXX changedSP.p2 updateLocation loc "+updateLocLocal+" / glob "+updateLocGlobal);
            }
            if( updateLocLocal ) {
                rs.updateAttributeLoc(gl, true, gca_FboVerticesAttr, true);
                rs.updateAttributeLoc(gl, true, gca_FboTexCoordsAttr, true);
            }
            rsLocal.update(gl, rs, updateLocLocal, curRenderModes, false, true);
            rs.updateUniformDataLoc(gl, updateLocLocal, false /* updateData */, gcu_FboTexUnit, true); // FIXME always update if changing tex-unit
            rs.updateUniformLoc(gl, updateLocLocal, gcu_FboTexSize, sampleCount > 1); // maybe optimized away for sampleCount <= 1
        }
    }

    public VBORegion2PVBAAES2(final GLProfile glp, final int renderModes, final TextureSequence colorTexSeq, final int pass2TexUnit,
                              final int initialVerticesCount, final int initialIndicesCount)
    {
        super(glp, renderModes, colorTexSeq);

        rsLocal = new RenderState.ProgramLocal();

        // Pass 1:
        initBuffer(initialVerticesCount, initialIndicesCount);

        if( hasColorTexture() ) {
            gcu_ColorTexUnit = new GLUniformData(UniformNames.gcu_ColorTexUnit, colorTexSeq.getTextureUnit());
            colorTexBBox = new float[4];
            gcu_ColorTexBBox = new GLUniformData(UniformNames.gcu_ColorTexBBox, 4, FloatBuffer.wrap(colorTexBBox));
        } else {
            gcu_ColorTexUnit = null;
            colorTexBBox = null;
            gcu_ColorTexBBox = null;
        }
        gcu_PMVMatrix02 = new GLUniformData(UniformNames.gcu_PMVMatrix02, 4, 4, pmvMatrix02);

        // Pass 2:
        gcu_FboTexUnit = new GLUniformData(UniformNames.gcu_FboTexUnit, pass2TexUnit);
        gcu_FboTexSize = new GLUniformData(UniformNames.gcu_FboTexSize, 2, FloatBuffer.wrap(new float[2]));

        indicesFbo = GLArrayDataServer.createData(3, GL.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 2, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER);
        indicesFbo.puts((short) 0); indicesFbo.puts((short) 1); indicesFbo.puts((short) 3);
        indicesFbo.puts((short) 1); indicesFbo.puts((short) 2); indicesFbo.puts((short) 3);
        indicesFbo.seal(true);

        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr = GLArrayDataServer.createGLSL(AttributeNames.FBO_TEXCOORDS_ATTR_NAME, 2, GL.GL_FLOAT,
                                                           false, 4, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(0); gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(0);
        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(0); gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(1);
        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(1); gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(1);
        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(1); gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.putf(0);
        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.seal(true);

        gca_FboVerticesAttr = GLArrayDataServer.createGLSL(AttributeNames.FBO_VERTEX_ATTR_NAME, 3, GL.GL_FLOAT,
                                                           false, 4, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    }

    private void initBuffer(final int verticeCount, final int indexCount) {
        indicesBuffer = GLArrayDataServer.createData(3, glIdxType(), indexCount, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER);
        indicesBuffer.setGrowthFactor(growthFactor);
        curIndicesCap = indicesBuffer.getElemCapacity();

        gca_VerticesAttr = GLArrayDataServer.createGLSL(AttributeNames.VERTEX_ATTR_NAME, 3, GL.GL_FLOAT,
                false, verticeCount, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        gca_VerticesAttr.setGrowthFactor(growthFactor);
        gca_CurveParamsAttr = GLArrayDataServer.createGLSL(AttributeNames.CURVEPARAMS_ATTR_NAME, 3, GL.GL_FLOAT,
                false, verticeCount, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        gca_CurveParamsAttr.setGrowthFactor(growthFactor);
        if( hasColorChannel() ) {
            gca_ColorsAttr = GLArrayDataServer.createGLSL(AttributeNames.COLOR_ATTR_NAME, 4, GL.GL_FLOAT,
                    false, verticeCount, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
            gca_ColorsAttr.setGrowthFactor(growthFactor);
        }
        curVerticesCap = gca_VerticesAttr.getElemCapacity();
    }

    @Override
    public void growBuffer(final int verticesCount, final int indicesCount) {
        if( curIndicesCap < indicesBuffer.elemPosition() + indicesCount ) {
            // System.err.printf("XXX Buffer grow - Indices: %d < ( %d = %d + %d ); Status: %s%n",
            //        curIndicesCap, indicesBuffer.elemPosition() + indicesCount, indicesBuffer.elemPosition(), indicesCount, indicesBuffer.elemStatsToString());
            indicesBuffer.growIfNeeded(indicesCount * indicesBuffer.getCompsPerElem());
            curIndicesCap = indicesBuffer.getElemCapacity();
        }
        if( curVerticesCap < gca_VerticesAttr.elemPosition() + verticesCount ) {
            // System.err.printf("XXX Buffer grow - Verices: %d < ( %d = %d + %d ); Status: %s%n",
            //        curVerticesCap, gca_VerticesAttr.elemPosition() + verticesCount, gca_VerticesAttr.elemPosition(), verticesCount, gca_VerticesAttr.elemStatsToString());
            gca_VerticesAttr.growIfNeeded(verticesCount * gca_VerticesAttr.getCompsPerElem());
            gca_CurveParamsAttr.growIfNeeded(verticesCount * gca_CurveParamsAttr.getCompsPerElem());
            if( null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
                gca_ColorsAttr.growIfNeeded(verticesCount * gca_ColorsAttr.getCompsPerElem());
            }
            curVerticesCap = gca_VerticesAttr.getElemCapacity();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setBufferCapacity(final int verticesCount, final int indicesCount) {
        if( curIndicesCap < indicesCount ) {
            indicesBuffer.reserve(indicesCount);
            curIndicesCap = indicesBuffer.getElemCapacity();
        }
        if( curVerticesCap < verticesCount ) {
            gca_VerticesAttr.reserve(verticesCount);
            gca_CurveParamsAttr.reserve(verticesCount);
            if( null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
                gca_ColorsAttr.reserve(verticesCount);
            }
            curVerticesCap = gca_VerticesAttr.getElemCapacity();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected final void clearImpl(final GL2ES2 gl) {
        if(DEBUG_INSTANCE) {
            System.err.println("VBORegion2PES2 Clear: " + this);
            // Thread.dumpStack();
        }
        if( null != indicesBuffer ) {
            indicesBuffer.clear(gl);
        }
        if( null != gca_VerticesAttr ) {
            gca_VerticesAttr.clear(gl);
        }
        if( null != gca_CurveParamsAttr ) {
            gca_CurveParamsAttr.clear(gl);
        }
        if( null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
            gca_ColorsAttr.clear(gl);;
        }
        fboDirty = true;
    }

    @Override
    public void printBufferStats(final PrintStream out) {
        final int[] size= { 0 }, capacity= { 0 };
        out.println("VBORegion2PVBAAES2: idx32 "+usesI32Idx());
        printAndCount(out, "  indices ", indicesBuffer, size, capacity);
        out.println();
        printAndCount(out, "  vertices ", gca_VerticesAttr, size, capacity);
        out.println();
        printAndCount(out, "  params ", gca_CurveParamsAttr, size, capacity);
        out.println();
        printAndCount(out, "  color ", gca_ColorsAttr, size, capacity);
        final float filled = (float)size[0]/(float)capacity[0];
        out.println();
                out.printf("  total [bytes %,d / %,d], filled %.1f%%, left %.1f%%]%n",
                        size[0], capacity[0], filled*100f, (1f-filled)*100f);
    }

    @Override
    protected final void pushVertex(final float[] coords, final float[] texParams, final float[] rgba) {
        // NIO array[3] is much slows than group/single
        // gca_VerticesAttr.putf(coords, 0, 3);
        // gca_CurveParamsAttr.putf(texParams, 0, 3);
        // gca_VerticesAttr.put3f(coords[0], coords[1], coords[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_VerticesAttr.getBuffer(), coords[0], coords[1], coords[2]);
        // gca_CurveParamsAttr.put3f(texParams[0], texParams[1], texParams[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_CurveParamsAttr.getBuffer(), texParams[0], texParams[1], texParams[2]);
        if( null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
            if( null != rgba ) {
                // gca_ColorsAttr.putf(rgba, 0, 4);
                // gca_ColorsAttr.put4f(rgba[0], rgba[1], rgba[2], rgba[3]);
                put4f((FloatBuffer)gca_ColorsAttr.getBuffer(), rgba[0], rgba[1], rgba[2], rgba[3]);
            } else {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null color given for COLOR_CHANNEL rendering mode");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected final void pushVertices(final float[] coords1, final float[] coords2, final float[] coords3,
                                      final float[] texParams1, final float[] texParams2, final float[] texParams3, final float[] rgba) {
        // gca_VerticesAttr.put3f(coords1[0], coords1[1], coords1[2]);
        // gca_VerticesAttr.put3f(coords2[0], coords2[1], coords2[2]);
        // gca_VerticesAttr.put3f(coords3[0], coords3[1], coords3[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_VerticesAttr.getBuffer(), coords1[0], coords1[1], coords1[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_VerticesAttr.getBuffer(), coords2[0], coords2[1], coords2[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_VerticesAttr.getBuffer(), coords3[0], coords3[1], coords3[2]);
        // gca_CurveParamsAttr.put3f(texParams1[0], texParams1[1], texParams1[2]);
        // gca_CurveParamsAttr.put3f(texParams2[0], texParams2[1], texParams2[2]);
        // gca_CurveParamsAttr.put3f(texParams3[0], texParams3[1], texParams3[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_CurveParamsAttr.getBuffer(), texParams1[0], texParams1[1], texParams1[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_CurveParamsAttr.getBuffer(), texParams2[0], texParams2[1], texParams2[2]);
        put3f((FloatBuffer)gca_CurveParamsAttr.getBuffer(), texParams3[0], texParams3[1], texParams3[2]);
        if( null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
            if( null != rgba ) {
                final float r=rgba[0], g=rgba[1], b=rgba[2], a=rgba[3];
                // gca_ColorsAttr.put4f(r, g, b, a);
                // gca_ColorsAttr.put4f(r, g, b, a);
                // gca_ColorsAttr.put4f(r, g, b, a);
                put4f((FloatBuffer)gca_ColorsAttr.getBuffer(), r, g, b, a);
                put4f((FloatBuffer)gca_ColorsAttr.getBuffer(), r, g, b, a);
                put4f((FloatBuffer)gca_ColorsAttr.getBuffer(), r, g, b, a);
            } else {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null color given for COLOR_CHANNEL rendering mode");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected final void pushIndex(final int idx) {
        if( usesI32Idx() ) {
            indicesBuffer.puti(idx);
        } else {
            indicesBuffer.puts((short)idx);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected final void pushIndices(final int idx1, final int idx2, final int idx3) {
        if( usesI32Idx() ) {
            // indicesBuffer.put3i(idx1, idx2, idx3);
            put3i((IntBuffer)indicesBuffer.getBuffer(), idx1, idx2, idx3);
        } else {
            // indicesBuffer.put3s((short)idx1, (short)idx2, (short)idx3);
            put3s((ShortBuffer)indicesBuffer.getBuffer(), (short)idx1, (short)idx2, (short)idx3);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void updateImpl(final GL2ES2 gl, final int curRenderModes) {
        final boolean hasColorChannel = Region.hasColorChannel( curRenderModes );
        final boolean hasColorTexture = Region.hasColorTexture( curRenderModes );

        // seal buffers
        indicesBuffer.seal(gl, true);
        indicesBuffer.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        gca_CurveParamsAttr.seal(gl, true);
        gca_CurveParamsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        gca_VerticesAttr.seal(gl, true);
        gca_VerticesAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        if( hasColorChannel && null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
            gca_ColorsAttr.seal(gl, true);
            gca_ColorsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        }
        if( hasColorTexture && null != gcu_ColorTexUnit && colorTexSeq.isTextureAvailable() ) {
            final TextureSequence.TextureFrame frame = colorTexSeq.getLastTexture();
            final Texture tex = frame.getTexture();
            final TextureCoords tc = tex.getImageTexCoords();
            final float tcSx = 1f / ( tc.right() - tc.left() );
            colorTexBBox[0] = box.getMinX() * tcSx;
            colorTexBBox[2] = box.getMaxX() * tcSx;
            if( tex.getMustFlipVertically() ) {
                final float tcSy = 1f / ( tc.bottom() - tc.top() );
                colorTexBBox[1] = box.getMaxY() * tcSy;
                colorTexBBox[3] = box.getMinY() * tcSy;
            } else {
                final float tcSy = 1f / ( tc.top() - tc.bottom() );
                colorTexBBox[1] = box.getMinY() * tcSy;
                colorTexBBox[3] = box.getMaxY() * tcSy;
            }
        }
        gca_FboVerticesAttr.seal(gl, false);
        {
            final FloatBuffer fb = (FloatBuffer)gca_FboVerticesAttr.getBuffer();
            fb.put( 2, box.getMinZ());
            fb.put( 5, box.getMinZ());
            fb.put( 8, box.getMinZ());
            fb.put(11, box.getMinZ());
        }
        // Pending gca_FboVerticesAttr-seal and fboPMVMatrix-setup, follow fboDirty

        // push data 2 GPU ..
        indicesFbo.seal(gl, true);
        indicesFbo.enableBuffer(gl, false);

        fboDirty = true;
        // the buffers were disabled, since due to real/fbo switching and other vbo usage
    }

    private final AABBox drawWinBox = new AABBox();
    private final Recti drawView = new Recti();
    private final Matrix4f drawMat4PMv = new Matrix4f();

    private static final int border = 2; // surrounding border, i.e. width += 2*border, height +=2*border

    @Override
    protected void drawImpl(final GL2ES2 gl, final RegionRenderer renderer, final int curRenderModes, final int[/*1*/] sampleCount) {
        if( 0 >= indicesBuffer.getElemCount() ) {
            if(DEBUG_INSTANCE) {
                System.err.printf("VBORegion2PVBAAES2.drawImpl: Empty%n");
            }
            return; // empty!
        }
        if( Float.isInfinite(box.getWidth()) || Float.isInfinite(box.getHeight()) ) {
            if(DEBUG_INSTANCE) {
                System.err.printf("VBORegion2PVBAAES2.drawImpl: Inf %s%n", box);
            }
            return; // inf
        }
        final int vpWidth = renderer.getWidth();
        final int vpHeight = renderer.getHeight();
        if(vpWidth <=0 || vpHeight <= 0 || null==sampleCount || sampleCount[0] <= 0) {
            useShaderProgram(gl, renderer, curRenderModes, true, getQuality(), sampleCount[0]);
            renderRegion(gl, curRenderModes);
        } else {
            if(0 > maxTexSize[0]) {
                gl.glGetIntegerv(GL.GL_MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE, maxTexSize, 0);
            }
            final RenderState rs = renderer.getRenderState();
            final float winWidth, winHeight;

            final float ratioObjWinWidth, ratioObjWinHeight;
            final float diffObjWidth, diffObjHeight;
            final float diffObjBorderWidth, diffObjBorderHeight;
            int targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight;
            {
                final float diffWinWidth, diffWinHeight;
                final int targetWinWidth, targetWinHeight;

                // Calculate perspective pixel width/height for FBO,
                // considering the sampleCount.
                drawView.setWidth(vpWidth);
                drawView.setHeight(vpHeight);

                renderer.getMatrix().mulPMvMat(drawMat4PMv);
                box.mapToWindow(drawWinBox, drawMat4PMv, drawView, true /* useCenterZ */);

                winWidth = drawWinBox.getWidth();
                winHeight = drawWinBox.getHeight();
                targetWinWidth = (int)Math.ceil(winWidth);
                targetWinHeight = (int)Math.ceil(winHeight);
                diffWinWidth = targetWinWidth-winWidth;
                diffWinHeight = targetWinHeight-winHeight;

                ratioObjWinWidth = box.getWidth() / winWidth;
                ratioObjWinHeight= box.getHeight() / winHeight;
                diffObjWidth = diffWinWidth * ratioObjWinWidth;
                diffObjHeight = diffWinHeight * ratioObjWinHeight;
                diffObjBorderWidth = border * ratioObjWinWidth;
                diffObjBorderHeight = border * ratioObjWinHeight;

                targetFboWidth = (targetWinWidth+2*border)*sampleCount[0];
                targetFboHeight = (targetWinHeight+2*border)*sampleCount[0];

                if( DEBUG_FBO_2 ) {
                    final float ratioWinWidth, ratioWinHeight;
                    ratioWinWidth = winWidth/targetWinWidth;
                    ratioWinHeight = winHeight/targetWinHeight;
                    final float renderFboWidth, renderFboHeight;
                    renderFboWidth = (winWidth+2*border)*sampleCount[0];
                    renderFboHeight = (winHeight+2*border)*sampleCount[0];
                    final float ratioFboWidth, ratioFboHeight;
                    ratioFboWidth = renderFboWidth/targetFboWidth;
                    ratioFboHeight = renderFboHeight/targetFboHeight;
                    final float diffFboWidth, diffFboHeight;
                    diffFboWidth = targetFboWidth-renderFboWidth;
                    diffFboHeight = targetFboHeight-renderFboHeight;

                    System.err.printf("XXX.MinMax obj %s%n", box.toString());
                    System.err.printf("XXX.MinMax obj d[%.3f, %.3f], r[%f, %f], b[%f, %f]%n",
                            diffObjWidth, diffObjHeight, ratioObjWinWidth, ratioObjWinWidth, diffObjBorderWidth, diffObjBorderHeight);
                    System.err.printf("XXX.MinMax win %s%n", drawWinBox.toString());
                    System.err.printf("XXX.MinMax view[%s] -> win[%.3f, %.3f], i[%d x %d], d[%.3f, %.3f], r[%f, %f]: FBO f[%.3f, %.3f], i[%d x %d], d[%.3f, %.3f], r[%f, %f], samples %d%n",
                            drawView,
                            winWidth, winHeight, targetWinWidth, targetWinHeight, diffWinWidth,
                            diffWinHeight, ratioWinWidth, ratioWinHeight,
                            renderFboWidth, renderFboHeight, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight,
                            diffFboWidth, diffFboHeight, ratioFboWidth, ratioFboHeight,
                            sampleCount[0]);
                }
            }
            if( 0 >= targetFboWidth || 0 >= targetFboHeight ) {
                // Nothing ..
                return;
            }
            final int deltaFboWidth = Math.abs(targetFboWidth-fboWidth);
            final int deltaFboHeight = Math.abs(targetFboHeight-fboHeight);
            final boolean hasDelta = 0!=deltaFboWidth || 0!=deltaFboHeight;
            if( DEBUG_FBO_2 ) {
                System.err.printf("XXX.maxDelta: hasDelta %b: %d / %d,  %.3f, %.3f%n",
                        hasDelta, deltaFboWidth, deltaFboHeight, (float)deltaFboWidth/fboWidth, (float)deltaFboHeight/fboHeight);
                System.err.printf("XXX.Scale %d * [%f x %f]: %d x %d%n",
                        sampleCount[0], winWidth, winHeight, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight);
            }
            if( hasDelta || fboDirty || isShapeDirty() || null == fbo ) {
                final int maxLength = Math.max(targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight);
                if( maxLength > maxTexSize[0] ) {
                    if( targetFboWidth > targetFboHeight ) {
                        sampleCount[0] = (int)Math.floor(maxTexSize[0] / (winWidth+2*border));
                    } else {
                        sampleCount[0] = (int)Math.floor(maxTexSize[0] / (winHeight+2*border));
                    }
                    final float renderFboWidth, renderFboHeight;
                    renderFboWidth = (winWidth+2*border)*sampleCount[0];
                    renderFboHeight = (winWidth+2*border)*sampleCount[0];
                    targetFboWidth = (int)Math.ceil(renderFboWidth);
                    targetFboHeight = (int)Math.ceil(renderFboHeight);
                    if( DEBUG_FBO_1 ) {
                        System.err.printf("XXX.Rescale (MAX): win[%.3f, %.3f]: FBO f[%.3f, %.3f], i[%d x %d], msaa %d%n",
                                winWidth, winHeight,
                                renderFboWidth, renderFboHeight, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight, sampleCount[0]);
                    }
                    if( sampleCount[0] <= 0 ) {
                        // Last way out!
                        renderRegion(gl, curRenderModes);
                        return;
                    }
                }

                final int newFboWidth, newFboHeight, resizeCase;
                if( 0 >= RESIZE_BOUNDARY ) {
                    // Resize w/o optimization
                    newFboWidth = targetFboWidth;
                    newFboHeight = targetFboHeight;
                    resizeCase = 0;
                } else {
                    if( 0 >= fboWidth || 0 >= fboHeight || null == fbo ) {
                        // Case: New FBO
                        newFboWidth = targetFboWidth;
                        newFboHeight = targetFboHeight;
                        resizeCase = 1;
                    } else if( targetFboWidth > fboWidth || targetFboHeight > fboHeight ) {
                        // Case: Inscrease FBO Size, add boundary/2 if avail
                        newFboWidth = ( targetFboWidth + RESIZE_BOUNDARY/2 < maxTexSize[0] ) ? targetFboWidth + RESIZE_BOUNDARY/2 : targetFboWidth;
                        newFboHeight = ( targetFboHeight+ RESIZE_BOUNDARY/2 < maxTexSize[0] ) ? targetFboHeight + RESIZE_BOUNDARY/2 : targetFboHeight;
                        resizeCase = 2;
                    } else if( targetFboWidth < fboWidth && targetFboHeight < fboHeight &&
                               fboWidth - targetFboWidth < RESIZE_BOUNDARY &&
                               fboHeight - targetFboHeight < RESIZE_BOUNDARY ) {
                        // Case: Decreased FBO Size Request within boundary
                        newFboWidth = fboWidth;
                        newFboHeight = fboHeight;
                        resizeCase = 3;
                    } else {
                        // Case: Decreased-Size-Beyond-Boundary or No-Resize
                        newFboWidth = targetFboWidth;
                        newFboHeight = targetFboHeight;
                        resizeCase = 4;
                    }
                }
                final int dResizeWidth = newFboWidth - targetFboWidth;
                final int dResizeHeight = newFboHeight - targetFboHeight;
                final float diffObjResizeWidth = dResizeWidth*ratioObjWinWidth;
                final float diffObjResizeHeight = dResizeHeight*ratioObjWinHeight;
                if( DEBUG_FBO_1 ) {
                    System.err.printf("XXX.resizeFBO: case %d, has %dx%d > target %dx%d, resize: i[%d x %d], f[%.3f x %.3f] -> %dx%d%n",
                            resizeCase, fboWidth, fboHeight, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight,
                            dResizeWidth, dResizeHeight, diffObjResizeWidth, diffObjResizeHeight,
                            newFboWidth, newFboHeight);
                }

                final float minX = box.getMinX()-diffObjBorderWidth;
                final float minY = box.getMinY()-diffObjBorderHeight;
                final float maxX = box.getMaxX()+diffObjBorderWidth+diffObjWidth+diffObjResizeWidth;
                final float maxY = box.getMaxY()+diffObjBorderHeight+diffObjHeight+diffObjResizeHeight;
                gca_FboVerticesAttr.seal(false);
                {
                    final FloatBuffer fb = (FloatBuffer)gca_FboVerticesAttr.getBuffer();
                    fb.put(0, minX); fb.put( 1, minY);
                    fb.put(3, minX); fb.put( 4, maxY);
                    fb.put(6, maxX); fb.put( 7, maxY);
                    fb.put(9, maxX); fb.put(10, minY);
                    fb.position(12);
                }
                gca_FboVerticesAttr.seal(true);
                matP.setToOrtho(minX, maxX, minY, maxY, -1, 1);
                useShaderProgram(gl, renderer, curRenderModes, true, getQuality(), sampleCount[0]);
                renderRegion2FBO(gl, rs, curRenderModes, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight, newFboWidth, newFboHeight, vpWidth, vpHeight, sampleCount[0]);
            } else if( isStateDirty() ) {
                useShaderProgram(gl, renderer, curRenderModes, true, getQuality(), sampleCount[0]);
                renderRegion2FBO(gl, rs, curRenderModes, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight, fboWidth, fboHeight, vpWidth, vpHeight, sampleCount[0]);
            }
            useShaderProgram(gl, renderer, curRenderModes, false, getQuality(), sampleCount[0]);
            renderFBO(gl, rs, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight, vpWidth, vpHeight, sampleCount[0]);
        }
    }

    private void renderFBO(final GL2ES2 gl, final RenderState rs, final int targetFboWidth, final int targetFboHeight,
                           final int vpWidth, final int vpHeight, final int sampleCount) {
        gl.glViewport(0, 0, vpWidth, vpHeight);

        if( rs.isHintMaskSet(RenderState.BITHINT_BLENDING_ENABLED) ) {
            // RGB is already multiplied w/ alpha via renderRegion2FBO(..)
            gl.glBlendFunc(GL.GL_ONE, GL.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
        }

        gl.glUniform(gcu_FboTexSize);

        gl.glActiveTexture(GL.GL_TEXTURE0 + gcu_FboTexUnit.intValue());

        fbo.use(gl, texA);
        gca_FboVerticesAttr.enableBuffer(gl, true);
        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, true);
        indicesFbo.bindBuffer(gl, true); // keeps VBO binding

        gl.glDrawElements(GL.GL_TRIANGLES, indicesFbo.getElemCount() * indicesFbo.getCompsPerElem(), GL.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0);

        indicesFbo.bindBuffer(gl, false);
        gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        gca_FboVerticesAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        fbo.unuse(gl);

        // setback: gl.glActiveTexture(currentActiveTextureEngine[0]);
    }

    private void renderRegion2FBO(final GL2ES2 gl, final RenderState rs, final int curRenderModes,
                                  final int targetFboWidth, final int targetFboHeight, final int newFboWidth, final int newFboHeight,
                                  final int vpWidth, final int vpHeight, final int sampleCount) {
        if( 0 >= targetFboWidth || 0 >= targetFboHeight ) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("fboSize must be greater than 0: "+targetFboWidth+"x"+targetFboHeight);
        }

        final boolean blendingEnabled = rs.isHintMaskSet(RenderState.BITHINT_BLENDING_ENABLED);

        if(null == fbo) {
            fboWidth  = newFboWidth;
            fboHeight  = newFboHeight;
            final FloatBuffer fboTexSize = (FloatBuffer) gcu_FboTexSize.getBuffer();
            {
                fboTexSize.put(0, fboWidth);
                fboTexSize.put(1, fboHeight);
            }
            fbo = new FBObject();
            fbo.init(gl, fboWidth, fboHeight, 0);
            // Shall not use bilinear (GL_LINEAR), due to own VBAA. Result is smooth w/o it now!
            // FIXME: FXAA requires bilinear filtering!
            // texA = fbo.attachTexture2D(gl, 0, true, GL.GL_LINEAR, GL.GL_LINEAR, GL.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE, GL.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
            texA = fbo.attachTexture2D(gl, 0, true, GL.GL_NEAREST, GL.GL_NEAREST, GL.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE, GL.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
            if( !blendingEnabled ) {
                // no depth-buffer w/ blending
                fbo.attachRenderbuffer(gl, Attachment.Type.DEPTH, FBObject.DEFAULT_BITS);
            }
            if( DEBUG_FBO_1 ) {
                System.err.printf("XXX.createFBO: %dx%d%n%s%n", fboWidth, fboHeight, fbo.toString());
            }
        } else if( newFboWidth != fboWidth || newFboHeight != fboHeight ) {
            fbo.reset(gl, newFboWidth, newFboHeight, 0);
            fbo.bind(gl);
            if( DEBUG_FBO_1 ) {
                System.err.printf("XXX.resetFBO: %dx%d -> %dx%d, target %dx%d%n", fboWidth, fboHeight, newFboWidth, newFboHeight, targetFboWidth, targetFboHeight);
            }
            fboWidth  = newFboWidth;
            fboHeight  = newFboHeight;
            final FloatBuffer fboTexSize = (FloatBuffer) gcu_FboTexSize.getBuffer();
            {
                fboTexSize.put(0, fboWidth);
                fboTexSize.put(1, fboHeight);
            }
        } else {
            fbo.bind(gl);
        }

        //render texture
        gl.glViewport(0, 0, fboWidth, fboHeight);
        if( blendingEnabled ) {
            gl.glClearColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 0.0f);
            gl.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); // no depth-buffer w/ blending
            // For already pre-multiplied alpha values, use:
            // gl.glBlendFunc(GL.GL_ONE, GL.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);

            // Multiply RGB w/ Alpha, preserve alpha for renderFBO(..)
            gl.glBlendFuncSeparate(GL.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, GL.GL_ONE, GL.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
        } else {
            gl.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
        }

        renderRegion(gl, curRenderModes);

        fbo.unbind(gl);
        fboDirty = false;
    }

    private void renderRegion(final GL2ES2 gl, final int curRenderModes) {
        final boolean hasColorChannel = Region.hasColorChannel( curRenderModes );
        final boolean hasColorTexture = Region.hasColorTexture( curRenderModes );

        gl.glUniform(gcu_PMVMatrix02);

        gca_VerticesAttr.enableBuffer(gl, true);
        gca_CurveParamsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, true);
        if( hasColorChannel && null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
            gca_ColorsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, true);
        }
        indicesBuffer.bindBuffer(gl, true); // keeps VBO binding
        if( hasColorTexture && null != gcu_ColorTexUnit && colorTexSeq.isTextureAvailable() ) {
            final TextureSequence.TextureFrame frame = colorTexSeq.getNextTexture(gl);
            gl.glActiveTexture(GL.GL_TEXTURE0 + colorTexSeq.getTextureUnit());
            final Texture tex = frame.getTexture();
            tex.bind(gl);
            tex.enable(gl); // nop on core
            gcu_ColorTexUnit.setData(colorTexSeq.getTextureUnit());
            gl.glUniform(gcu_ColorTexUnit); // Always update, since program maybe used by multiple regions
            gl.glUniform(gcu_ColorTexBBox); // Always update, since program maybe used by multiple regions
            gl.glDrawElements(GL.GL_TRIANGLES, indicesBuffer.getElemCount() * indicesBuffer.getCompsPerElem(), glIdxType(), 0);
            tex.disable(gl); // nop on core
        } else {
            gl.glDrawElements(GL.GL_TRIANGLES, indicesBuffer.getElemCount() * indicesBuffer.getCompsPerElem(), glIdxType(), 0);
        }

        indicesBuffer.bindBuffer(gl, false);
        if( hasColorChannel && null != gca_ColorsAttr ) {
            gca_ColorsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        }
        gca_CurveParamsAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
        gca_VerticesAttr.enableBuffer(gl, false);
    }

    @Override
    protected void destroyImpl(final GL2ES2 gl) {
        if(DEBUG_INSTANCE) {
            System.err.println("VBORegion2PES2 Destroy: " + this);
            // Thread.dumpStack();
        }
        if(null != fbo) {
            fbo.destroy(gl);
            fbo = null;
            texA = null;
        }
        if(null != gca_VerticesAttr) {
            gca_VerticesAttr.destroy(gl);
            gca_VerticesAttr = null;
        }
        if(null != gca_CurveParamsAttr) {
            gca_CurveParamsAttr.destroy(gl);
            gca_CurveParamsAttr = null;
        }
        if(null != gca_ColorsAttr) {
            gca_ColorsAttr.destroy(gl);
            gca_ColorsAttr = null;
        }
        if(null != indicesBuffer) {
            indicesBuffer.destroy(gl);
            indicesBuffer = null;
        }

        if(null != gca_FboVerticesAttr) {
            gca_FboVerticesAttr.destroy(gl);
            gca_FboVerticesAttr = null;
        }
        if(null != gca_FboTexCoordsAttr) {
            gca_FboTexCoordsAttr.destroy(gl);
            gca_FboTexCoordsAttr = null;
        }
        if(null != indicesFbo) {
            indicesFbo.destroy(gl);
            indicesFbo = null;
        }
        spPass1 = null; // owned by RegionRenderer
        spPass2 = null; // owned by RegionRenderer
    }
}