Merge branch 'v1.19' of git://repo.or.cz/openal-soft into v1.19v1.19

19 files changed, 4147 insertions, 2105 deletions

diff --git a/Alc/backends/alsa.c b/Alc/backends/alsa.c
index 9a443c09..a967fff0 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/alsa.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/alsa.c
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "alconfig.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
@@ -199,15 +201,21 @@ static ALCboolean alsa_load(void)
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
     if(!alsa_handle)
     {
+        al_string missing_funcs = AL_STRING_INIT_STATIC();
+
         alsa_handle = LoadLib("libasound.so.2");
         if(!alsa_handle)
+        {
+            WARN("Failed to load %s\n", "libasound.so.2");
             return ALC_FALSE;
+        }
 
         error = ALC_FALSE;
 #define LOAD_FUNC(f) do {                                                     \
     p##f = GetSymbol(alsa_handle, #f);                                        \
     if(p##f == NULL) {                                                        \
         error = ALC_TRUE;                                                     \
+        alstr_append_cstr(&missing_funcs, "\n" #f);                           \
     }                                                                         \
 } while(0)
         ALSA_FUNCS(LOAD_FUNC);
@@ -215,10 +223,11 @@ static ALCboolean alsa_load(void)
 
         if(error)
         {
+            WARN("Missing expected functions:%s\n", alstr_get_cstr(missing_funcs));
             CloseLib(alsa_handle);
             alsa_handle = NULL;
-            return ALC_FALSE;
         }
+        alstr_reset(&missing_funcs);
     }
 #endif
 
@@ -237,16 +246,13 @@ static vector_DevMap CaptureDevices;
 
 static void clear_devlist(vector_DevMap *devlist)
 {
-    DevMap *iter, *end;
-
-    iter = VECTOR_ITER_BEGIN(*devlist);
-    end = VECTOR_ITER_END(*devlist);
-    for(;iter != end;iter++)
-    {
-        AL_STRING_DEINIT(iter->name);
-        AL_STRING_DEINIT(iter->device_name);
-    }
-    VECTOR_RESIZE(*devlist, 0);
+#define FREE_DEV(i) do {                                                      \
+    AL_STRING_DEINIT((i)->name);                                              \
+    AL_STRING_DEINIT((i)->device_name);                                       \
+} while(0)
+    VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, *devlist, FREE_DEV);
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(*devlist, 0, 0);
+#undef FREE_DEV
 }
 
 
@@ -272,11 +278,45 @@ static void probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream, vector_DevMap *DeviceList)
 
     AL_STRING_INIT(entry.name);
     AL_STRING_INIT(entry.device_name);
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.name, alsaDevice);
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, GetConfigValue(NULL, "alsa", (stream==SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) ?
-                                                           "device" : "capture", "default"));
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.name, alsaDevice);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, GetConfigValue(
+        NULL, "alsa", (stream==SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) ? "device" : "capture", "default"
+    ));
     VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(*DeviceList, entry);
 
+    if(stream == SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+    {
+        const char *customdevs, *sep, *next;
+        next = GetConfigValue(NULL, "alsa", "custom-devices", "");
+        while((customdevs=next) != NULL && customdevs[0])
+        {
+            next = strchr(customdevs, ';');
+            sep = strchr(customdevs, '=');
+            if(!sep)
+            {
+                al_string spec = AL_STRING_INIT_STATIC();
+                if(next)
+                    alstr_copy_range(&spec, customdevs, next++);
+                else
+                    alstr_copy_cstr(&spec, customdevs);
+                ERR("Invalid ALSA device specification \"%s\"\n", alstr_get_cstr(spec));
+                alstr_reset(&spec);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            AL_STRING_INIT(entry.name);
+            AL_STRING_INIT(entry.device_name);
+            alstr_copy_range(&entry.name, customdevs, sep++);
+            if(next)
+                alstr_copy_range(&entry.device_name, sep, next++);
+            else
+                alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, sep);
+            TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", alstr_get_cstr(entry.name),
+                  alstr_get_cstr(entry.device_name));
+            VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(*DeviceList, entry);
+        }
+    }
+
     card = -1;
     if((err=snd_card_next(&card)) < 0)
         ERR("Failed to find a card: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
@@ -321,7 +361,8 @@ static void probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream, vector_DevMap *DeviceList)
             snd_pcm_info_set_device(pcminfo, dev);
             snd_pcm_info_set_subdevice(pcminfo, 0);
             snd_pcm_info_set_stream(pcminfo, stream);
-            if((err = snd_ctl_pcm_info(handle, pcminfo)) < 0) {
+            if((err = snd_ctl_pcm_info(handle, pcminfo)) < 0)
+            {
                 if(err != -ENOENT)
                     ERR("control digital audio info (hw:%d): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
                 continue;
@@ -333,15 +374,15 @@ static void probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream, vector_DevMap *DeviceList)
             ConfigValueStr(NULL, "alsa", name, &device_prefix);
 
             snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s, %s (CARD=%s,DEV=%d)",
-                        cardname, devname, cardid, dev);
+                     cardname, devname, cardid, dev);
             snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%sCARD=%s,DEV=%d",
-                        device_prefix, cardid, dev);
+                     device_prefix, cardid, dev);
 
             TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", name, device);
             AL_STRING_INIT(entry.name);
             AL_STRING_INIT(entry.device_name);
-            al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.name, name);
-            al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, device);
+            alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.name, name);
+            alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, device);
             VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(*DeviceList, entry);
         }
         snd_ctl_close(handle);
@@ -397,7 +438,7 @@ typedef struct ALCplaybackAlsa {
     ALvoid *buffer;
     ALsizei size;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCplaybackAlsa;
 
@@ -405,15 +446,14 @@ static int ALCplaybackAlsa_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 static int ALCplaybackAlsa_mixerNoMMapProc(void *ptr);
 
 static void ALCplaybackAlsa_Construct(ALCplaybackAlsa *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackAlsa, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
+static void ALCplaybackAlsa_Destruct(ALCplaybackAlsa *self);
 static ALCenum ALCplaybackAlsa_open(ALCplaybackAlsa *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCplaybackAlsa_close(ALCplaybackAlsa *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_reset(ALCplaybackAlsa *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_start(ALCplaybackAlsa *self);
 static void ALCplaybackAlsa_stop(ALCplaybackAlsa *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCplaybackAlsa, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackAlsa, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static ALint64 ALCplaybackAlsa_getLatency(ALCplaybackAlsa *self);
+static ClockLatency ALCplaybackAlsa_getClockLatency(ALCplaybackAlsa *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackAlsa, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackAlsa, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCplaybackAlsa)
@@ -425,6 +465,19 @@ static void ALCplaybackAlsa_Construct(ALCplaybackAlsa *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCplaybackAlsa, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->pcmHandle = NULL;
+    self->buffer = NULL;
+
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
+}
+
+void ALCplaybackAlsa_Destruct(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
+{
+    if(self->pcmHandle)
+        snd_pcm_close(self->pcmHandle);
+    self->pcmHandle = NULL;
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 
@@ -444,14 +497,14 @@ static int ALCplaybackAlsa_mixerProc(void *ptr)
 
     update_size = device->UpdateSize;
     num_updates = device->NumUpdates;
-    while(!self->killNow)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
         int state = verify_state(self->pcmHandle);
         if(state < 0)
         {
             ERR("Invalid state detected: %s\n", snd_strerror(state));
             ALCplaybackAlsa_lock(self);
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Bad state: %s", snd_strerror(state));
             ALCplaybackAlsa_unlock(self);
             break;
         }
@@ -534,14 +587,14 @@ static int ALCplaybackAlsa_mixerNoMMapProc(void *ptr)
 
     update_size = device->UpdateSize;
     num_updates = device->NumUpdates;
-    while(!self->killNow)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
         int state = verify_state(self->pcmHandle);
         if(state < 0)
         {
             ERR("Invalid state detected: %s\n", snd_strerror(state));
             ALCplaybackAlsa_lock(self);
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Bad state: %s", snd_strerror(state));
             ALCplaybackAlsa_unlock(self);
             break;
         }
@@ -588,7 +641,9 @@ static int ALCplaybackAlsa_mixerNoMMapProc(void *ptr)
             {
             case -EAGAIN:
                 continue;
+#if ESTRPIPE != EPIPE
             case -ESTRPIPE:
+#endif
             case -EPIPE:
             case -EINTR:
                 ret = snd_pcm_recover(self->pcmHandle, ret, 1);
@@ -630,12 +685,12 @@ static ALCenum ALCplaybackAlsa_open(ALCplaybackAlsa *self, const ALCchar *name)
         if(VECTOR_SIZE(PlaybackDevices) == 0)
             probe_devices(SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &PlaybackDevices);
 
-#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (al_string_cmp_cstr((i)->name, name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->name, name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_NAME);
 #undef MATCH_NAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices))
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
-        driver = al_string_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
+        driver = alstr_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -654,16 +709,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCplaybackAlsa_open(ALCplaybackAlsa *self, const ALCchar *name)
     /* Free alsa's global config tree. Otherwise valgrind reports a ton of leaks. */
     snd_config_update_free_global();
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCplaybackAlsa_close(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
-{
-    snd_pcm_close(self->pcmHandle);
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_reset(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
@@ -677,6 +727,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_reset(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
     unsigned int rate;
     const char *funcerr;
     int allowmmap;
+    int dir;
     int err;
 
     switch(device->FmtType)
@@ -704,7 +755,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_reset(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
             break;
     }
 
-    allowmmap = GetConfigValueBool(al_string_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "alsa", "mmap", 1);
+    allowmmap = GetConfigValueBool(alstr_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "alsa", "mmap", 1);
     periods = device->NumUpdates;
     periodLen = (ALuint64)device->UpdateSize * 1000000 / device->Frequency;
     bufferLen = periodLen * periods;
@@ -748,7 +799,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_reset(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
     }
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(self->pcmHandle, hp, format));
     /* test and set channels (implicitly sets frame bits) */
-    if(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans)) < 0)
+    if(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder)) < 0)
     {
         static const enum DevFmtChannels channellist[] = {
             DevFmtStereo,
@@ -761,20 +812,24 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_reset(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
 
         for(k = 0;k < COUNTOF(channellist);k++)
         {
-            if(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(channellist[k])) >= 0)
+            if(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(channellist[k], 0)) >= 0)
             {
                 device->FmtChans = channellist[k];
+                device->AmbiOrder = 0;
                 break;
             }
         }
     }
-    CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans)));
+    CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder)));
     /* set rate (implicitly constrains period/buffer parameters) */
-    if(GetConfigValueBool(al_string_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "alsa", "allow-resampler", 0))
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool(alstr_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "alsa", "allow-resampler", 0) ||
+       !(device->Flags&DEVICE_FREQUENCY_REQUEST))
     {
         if(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_resample(self->pcmHandle, hp, 0) < 0)
             ERR("Failed to disable ALSA resampler\n");
     }
+    else if(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_resample(self->pcmHandle, hp, 1) < 0)
+        ERR("Failed to enable ALSA resampler\n");
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(self->pcmHandle, hp, &rate, NULL));
     /* set buffer time (implicitly constrains period/buffer parameters) */
     if((err=snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near(self->pcmHandle, hp, &bufferLen, NULL)) < 0)
@@ -787,7 +842,9 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_reset(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
     /* retrieve configuration info */
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_access(hp, &access));
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(hp, &periodSizeInFrames, NULL));
-    CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods(hp, &periods, NULL));
+    CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods(hp, &periods, &dir));
+    if(dir != 0)
+        WARN("Inexact period count: %u (%d)\n", periods, dir);
 
     snd_pcm_hw_params_free(hp);
     hp = NULL;
@@ -837,7 +894,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_start(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
     self->size = snd_pcm_frames_to_bytes(self->pcmHandle, device->UpdateSize);
     if(access == SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED)
     {
-        self->buffer = malloc(self->size);
+        self->buffer = al_malloc(16, self->size);
         if(!self->buffer)
         {
             ERR("buffer malloc failed\n");
@@ -855,11 +912,11 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackAlsa_start(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
         }
         thread_func = ALCplaybackAlsa_mixerProc;
     }
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, thread_func, self) != althrd_success)
     {
         ERR("Could not create playback thread\n");
-        free(self->buffer);
+        al_free(self->buffer);
         self->buffer = NULL;
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
@@ -876,28 +933,33 @@ static void ALCplaybackAlsa_stop(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
 {
     int res;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
-
-    self->killNow = 1;
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
-    free(self->buffer);
+    al_free(self->buffer);
     self->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-static ALint64 ALCplaybackAlsa_getLatency(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
+static ClockLatency ALCplaybackAlsa_getClockLatency(ALCplaybackAlsa *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     snd_pcm_sframes_t delay = 0;
+    ClockLatency ret;
     int err;
 
+    ALCplaybackAlsa_lock(self);
+    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(device);
     if((err=snd_pcm_delay(self->pcmHandle, &delay)) < 0)
     {
         ERR("Failed to get pcm delay: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
-        return 0;
+        delay = 0;
     }
-    return maxi64((ALint64)delay*1000000000/device->Frequency, 0);
+    if(delay < 0) delay = 0;
+    ret.Latency = delay * DEVICE_CLOCK_RES / device->Frequency;
+    ALCplaybackAlsa_unlock(self);
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
 
@@ -910,21 +972,20 @@ typedef struct ALCcaptureAlsa {
     ALsizei size;
 
     ALboolean doCapture;
-    RingBuffer *ring;
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *ring;
 
     snd_pcm_sframes_t last_avail;
 } ALCcaptureAlsa;
 
 static void ALCcaptureAlsa_Construct(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureAlsa, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
+static void ALCcaptureAlsa_Destruct(ALCcaptureAlsa *self);
 static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_open(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCcaptureAlsa_close(ALCcaptureAlsa *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureAlsa, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
 static ALCboolean ALCcaptureAlsa_start(ALCcaptureAlsa *self);
 static void ALCcaptureAlsa_stop(ALCcaptureAlsa *self);
 static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_captureSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
 static ALCuint ALCcaptureAlsa_availableSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self);
-static ALint64 ALCcaptureAlsa_getLatency(ALCcaptureAlsa *self);
+static ClockLatency ALCcaptureAlsa_getClockLatency(ALCcaptureAlsa *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureAlsa, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureAlsa, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCcaptureAlsa)
@@ -936,6 +997,25 @@ static void ALCcaptureAlsa_Construct(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCcaptureAlsa, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->pcmHandle = NULL;
+    self->buffer = NULL;
+    self->ring = NULL;
+}
+
+void ALCcaptureAlsa_Destruct(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
+{
+    if(self->pcmHandle)
+        snd_pcm_close(self->pcmHandle);
+    self->pcmHandle = NULL;
+
+    al_free(self->buffer);
+    self->buffer = NULL;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
+    self->ring = NULL;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 
@@ -958,12 +1038,12 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_open(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, const ALCchar *name)
         if(VECTOR_SIZE(CaptureDevices) == 0)
             probe_devices(SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &CaptureDevices);
 
-#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (al_string_cmp_cstr((i)->name, name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->name, name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureDevices, MATCH_NAME);
 #undef MATCH_NAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices))
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
-        driver = al_string_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
+        driver = alstr_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -1020,7 +1100,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_open(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, const ALCchar *name)
     /* set format (implicitly sets sample bits) */
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(self->pcmHandle, hp, format));
     /* set channels (implicitly sets frame bits) */
-    CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans)));
+    CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(self->pcmHandle, hp, ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder)));
     /* set rate (implicitly constrains period/buffer parameters) */
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate(self->pcmHandle, hp, device->Frequency, 0));
     /* set buffer size in frame units (implicitly sets period size/bytes/time and buffer time/bytes) */
@@ -1042,24 +1122,19 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_open(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, const ALCchar *name)
 
     if(needring)
     {
-        self->ring = CreateRingBuffer(FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType),
-                                      device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates);
+        self->ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(
+            device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates,
+            FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder),
+            false
+        );
         if(!self->ring)
         {
             ERR("ring buffer create failed\n");
             goto error2;
         }
-
-        self->size = snd_pcm_frames_to_bytes(self->pcmHandle, periodSizeInFrames);
-        self->buffer = malloc(self->size);
-        if(!self->buffer)
-        {
-            ERR("buffer malloc failed\n");
-            goto error2;
-        }
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 
@@ -1068,31 +1143,29 @@ error:
     if(hp) snd_pcm_hw_params_free(hp);
 
 error2:
-    free(self->buffer);
-    self->buffer = NULL;
-    DestroyRingBuffer(self->ring);
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
     self->ring = NULL;
     snd_pcm_close(self->pcmHandle);
+    self->pcmHandle = NULL;
 
     return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 }
 
-static void ALCcaptureAlsa_close(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
-{
-    snd_pcm_close(self->pcmHandle);
-    DestroyRingBuffer(self->ring);
-
-    free(self->buffer);
-    self->buffer = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCcaptureAlsa_start(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
 {
-    int err = snd_pcm_start(self->pcmHandle);
+    int err = snd_pcm_prepare(self->pcmHandle);
+    if(err < 0)
+        ERR("prepare failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+    else
+    {
+        err = snd_pcm_start(self->pcmHandle);
+        if(err < 0)
+            ERR("start failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+    }
     if(err < 0)
     {
-        ERR("start failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
-        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice, "Capture state failure: %s",
+                            snd_strerror(err));
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
@@ -1117,11 +1190,11 @@ static void ALCcaptureAlsa_stop(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
         void *ptr;
 
         size = snd_pcm_frames_to_bytes(self->pcmHandle, avail);
-        ptr = malloc(size);
+        ptr = al_malloc(16, size);
         if(ptr)
         {
             ALCcaptureAlsa_captureSamples(self, ptr, avail);
-            free(self->buffer);
+            al_free(self->buffer);
             self->buffer = ptr;
             self->size = size;
         }
@@ -1138,12 +1211,12 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_captureSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, ALCvoid *buff
 
     if(self->ring)
     {
-        ReadRingBuffer(self->ring, buffer, samples);
+        ll_ringbuffer_read(self->ring, buffer, samples);
         return ALC_NO_ERROR;
     }
 
     self->last_avail -= samples;
-    while(device->Connected && samples > 0)
+    while(ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire) && samples > 0)
     {
         snd_pcm_sframes_t amt = 0;
 
@@ -1163,7 +1236,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_captureSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, ALCvoid *buff
             }
             else
             {
-                free(self->buffer);
+                al_free(self->buffer);
                 self->buffer = NULL;
                 self->size = 0;
             }
@@ -1186,7 +1259,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureAlsa_captureSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self, ALCvoid *buff
             if(amt < 0)
             {
                 ERR("restore error: %s\n", snd_strerror(amt));
-                aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Capture recovery failure: %s", snd_strerror(amt));
                 break;
             }
             /* If the amount available is less than what's asked, we lost it
@@ -1211,7 +1284,7 @@ static ALCuint ALCcaptureAlsa_availableSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     snd_pcm_sframes_t avail = 0;
 
-    if(device->Connected && self->doCapture)
+    if(ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire) && self->doCapture)
         avail = snd_pcm_avail_update(self->pcmHandle);
     if(avail < 0)
     {
@@ -1227,7 +1300,7 @@ static ALCuint ALCcaptureAlsa_availableSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
         if(avail < 0)
         {
             ERR("restore error: %s\n", snd_strerror(avail));
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Capture recovery failure: %s", snd_strerror(avail));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1241,12 +1314,15 @@ static ALCuint ALCcaptureAlsa_availableSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
 
     while(avail > 0)
     {
+        ll_ringbuffer_data_t vec[2];
         snd_pcm_sframes_t amt;
 
-        amt = snd_pcm_bytes_to_frames(self->pcmHandle, self->size);
-        if(avail < amt) amt = avail;
+        ll_ringbuffer_get_write_vector(self->ring, vec);
+        if(vec[0].len == 0) break;
 
-        amt = snd_pcm_readi(self->pcmHandle, self->buffer, amt);
+        amt = (vec[0].len < (snd_pcm_uframes_t)avail) ?
+              vec[0].len : (snd_pcm_uframes_t)avail;
+        amt = snd_pcm_readi(self->pcmHandle, vec[0].buf, amt);
         if(amt < 0)
         {
             ERR("read error: %s\n", snd_strerror(amt));
@@ -1263,39 +1339,41 @@ static ALCuint ALCcaptureAlsa_availableSamples(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
             if(amt < 0)
             {
                 ERR("restore error: %s\n", snd_strerror(amt));
-                aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Capture recovery failure: %s", snd_strerror(amt));
                 break;
             }
             avail = amt;
             continue;
         }
 
-        WriteRingBuffer(self->ring, self->buffer, amt);
+        ll_ringbuffer_write_advance(self->ring, amt);
         avail -= amt;
     }
 
-    return RingBufferSize(self->ring);
+    return ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->ring);
 }
 
-static ALint64 ALCcaptureAlsa_getLatency(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
+static ClockLatency ALCcaptureAlsa_getClockLatency(ALCcaptureAlsa *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     snd_pcm_sframes_t delay = 0;
+    ClockLatency ret;
     int err;
 
+    ALCcaptureAlsa_lock(self);
+    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(device);
     if((err=snd_pcm_delay(self->pcmHandle, &delay)) < 0)
     {
         ERR("Failed to get pcm delay: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
-        return 0;
+        delay = 0;
     }
-    return maxi64((ALint64)delay*1000000000/device->Frequency, 0);
-}
+    if(delay < 0) delay = 0;
+    ret.Latency = delay * DEVICE_CLOCK_RES / device->Frequency;
+    ALCcaptureAlsa_unlock(self);
 
+    return ret;
+}
 
-static inline void AppendAllDevicesList2(const DevMap *entry)
-{ AppendAllDevicesList(al_string_get_cstr(entry->name)); }
-static inline void AppendCaptureDeviceList2(const DevMap *entry)
-{ AppendCaptureDeviceList(al_string_get_cstr(entry->name)); }
 
 typedef struct ALCalsaBackendFactory {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
@@ -1334,19 +1412,25 @@ static ALCboolean ALCalsaBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCalsaBackendFactory* UNUS
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCalsaBackendFactory_probe(ALCalsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCalsaBackendFactory_probe(ALCalsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
+#define APPEND_OUTNAME(i) do {                                                \
+    if(!alstr_empty((i)->name))                                               \
+        alstr_append_range(outnames, VECTOR_BEGIN((i)->name),                 \
+                           VECTOR_END((i)->name)+1);                          \
+} while(0)
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
             probe_devices(SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &PlaybackDevices);
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, AppendAllDevicesList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
             probe_devices(SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &CaptureDevices);
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, AppendCaptureDeviceList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
+#undef APPEND_OUTNAME
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/Alc/backends/base.c b/Alc/backends/base.c
index ebeb31bf..9d8614b1 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/base.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/base.c
@@ -4,17 +4,22 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include "alMain.h"
+#include "alu.h"
 
 #include "backends/base.h"
 
 
+extern inline ALuint64 GetDeviceClockTime(ALCdevice *device);
+extern inline void ALCdevice_Lock(ALCdevice *device);
+extern inline void ALCdevice_Unlock(ALCdevice *device);
+extern inline ClockLatency GetClockLatency(ALCdevice *device);
+
 /* Base ALCbackend method implementations. */
 void ALCbackend_Construct(ALCbackend *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
-    int ret;
-    self->mDevice = device;
-    ret = almtx_init(&self->mMutex, almtx_recursive);
+    int ret = almtx_init(&self->mMutex, almtx_recursive);
     assert(ret == althrd_success);
+    self->mDevice = device;
 }
 
 void ALCbackend_Destruct(ALCbackend *self)
@@ -37,9 +42,27 @@ ALCuint ALCbackend_availableSamples(ALCbackend* UNUSED(self))
     return 0;
 }
 
-ALint64 ALCbackend_getLatency(ALCbackend* UNUSED(self))
+ClockLatency ALCbackend_getClockLatency(ALCbackend *self)
 {
-    return 0;
+    ALCdevice *device = self->mDevice;
+    ALuint refcount;
+    ClockLatency ret;
+
+    do {
+        while(((refcount=ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->MixCount, almemory_order_acquire))&1))
+            althrd_yield();
+        ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(device);
+        ATOMIC_THREAD_FENCE(almemory_order_acquire);
+    } while(refcount != ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->MixCount, almemory_order_relaxed));
+
+    /* NOTE: The device will generally have about all but one periods filled at
+     * any given time during playback. Without a more accurate measurement from
+     * the output, this is an okay approximation.
+     */
+    ret.Latency = device->UpdateSize * DEVICE_CLOCK_RES / device->Frequency *
+                  maxu(device->NumUpdates-1, 1);
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
 void ALCbackend_lock(ALCbackend *self)
@@ -59,157 +82,3 @@ void ALCbackend_unlock(ALCbackend *self)
 void ALCbackendFactory_deinit(ALCbackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
 }
-
-
-/* Wrappers to use an old-style backend with the new interface. */
-typedef struct PlaybackWrapper {
-    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
-
-    const BackendFuncs *Funcs;
-} PlaybackWrapper;
-
-static void PlaybackWrapper_Construct(PlaybackWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device, const BackendFuncs *funcs);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
-static ALCenum PlaybackWrapper_open(PlaybackWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void PlaybackWrapper_close(PlaybackWrapper *self);
-static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_reset(PlaybackWrapper *self);
-static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_start(PlaybackWrapper *self);
-static void PlaybackWrapper_stop(PlaybackWrapper *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD2(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, void, lock)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
-DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(PlaybackWrapper)
-DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(PlaybackWrapper);
-
-static void PlaybackWrapper_Construct(PlaybackWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device, const BackendFuncs *funcs)
-{
-    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
-    SET_VTABLE2(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, self);
-
-    self->Funcs = funcs;
-}
-
-static ALCenum PlaybackWrapper_open(PlaybackWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    return self->Funcs->OpenPlayback(device, name);
-}
-
-static void PlaybackWrapper_close(PlaybackWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    self->Funcs->ClosePlayback(device);
-}
-
-static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_reset(PlaybackWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    return self->Funcs->ResetPlayback(device);
-}
-
-static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_start(PlaybackWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    return self->Funcs->StartPlayback(device);
-}
-
-static void PlaybackWrapper_stop(PlaybackWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    self->Funcs->StopPlayback(device);
-}
-
-
-typedef struct CaptureWrapper {
-    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
-
-    const BackendFuncs *Funcs;
-} CaptureWrapper;
-
-static void CaptureWrapper_Construct(CaptureWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device, const BackendFuncs *funcs);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
-static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_open(CaptureWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void CaptureWrapper_close(CaptureWrapper *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
-static ALCboolean CaptureWrapper_start(CaptureWrapper *self);
-static void CaptureWrapper_stop(CaptureWrapper *self);
-static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_captureSamples(CaptureWrapper *self, void *buffer, ALCuint samples);
-static ALCuint CaptureWrapper_availableSamples(CaptureWrapper *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, void, lock)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
-DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(CaptureWrapper)
-DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(CaptureWrapper);
-
-static void CaptureWrapper_Construct(CaptureWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device, const BackendFuncs *funcs)
-{
-    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
-    SET_VTABLE2(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, self);
-
-    self->Funcs = funcs;
-}
-
-static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_open(CaptureWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    return self->Funcs->OpenCapture(device, name);
-}
-
-static void CaptureWrapper_close(CaptureWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    self->Funcs->CloseCapture(device);
-}
-
-static ALCboolean CaptureWrapper_start(CaptureWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    self->Funcs->StartCapture(device);
-    return ALC_TRUE;
-}
-
-static void CaptureWrapper_stop(CaptureWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    self->Funcs->StopCapture(device);
-}
-
-static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_captureSamples(CaptureWrapper *self, void *buffer, ALCuint samples)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    return self->Funcs->CaptureSamples(device, buffer, samples);
-}
-
-static ALCuint CaptureWrapper_availableSamples(CaptureWrapper *self)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    return self->Funcs->AvailableSamples(device);
-}
-
-
-ALCbackend *create_backend_wrapper(ALCdevice *device, const BackendFuncs *funcs, ALCbackend_Type type)
-{
-    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
-    {
-        PlaybackWrapper *backend;
-
-        NEW_OBJ(backend, PlaybackWrapper)(device, funcs);
-        if(!backend) return NULL;
-
-        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
-    }
-
-    if(type == ALCbackend_Capture)
-    {
-        CaptureWrapper *backend;
-
-        NEW_OBJ(backend, CaptureWrapper)(device, funcs);
-        if(!backend) return NULL;
-
-        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
-    }
-
-    return NULL;
-}
diff --git a/Alc/backends/base.h b/Alc/backends/base.h
index f6b4b80a..03db56e9 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/base.h
+++ b/Alc/backends/base.h
@@ -3,6 +3,26 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "threads.h"
+#include "alstring.h"
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef struct ClockLatency {
+    ALint64 ClockTime;
+    ALint64 Latency;
+} ClockLatency;
+
+/* Helper to get the current clock time from the device's ClockBase, and
+ * SamplesDone converted from the sample rate.
+ */
+inline ALuint64 GetDeviceClockTime(ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    return device->ClockBase + (device->SamplesDone * DEVICE_CLOCK_RES /
+                                device->Frequency);
+}
 
 
 struct ALCbackendVtable;
@@ -20,7 +40,7 @@ void ALCbackend_Destruct(ALCbackend *self);
 ALCboolean ALCbackend_reset(ALCbackend *self);
 ALCenum ALCbackend_captureSamples(ALCbackend *self, void *buffer, ALCuint samples);
 ALCuint ALCbackend_availableSamples(ALCbackend *self);
-ALint64 ALCbackend_getLatency(ALCbackend *self);
+ClockLatency ALCbackend_getClockLatency(ALCbackend *self);
 void ALCbackend_lock(ALCbackend *self);
 void ALCbackend_unlock(ALCbackend *self);
 
@@ -28,7 +48,6 @@ struct ALCbackendVtable {
     void (*const Destruct)(ALCbackend*);
 
     ALCenum (*const open)(ALCbackend*, const ALCchar*);
-    void (*const close)(ALCbackend*);
 
     ALCboolean (*const reset)(ALCbackend*);
     ALCboolean (*const start)(ALCbackend*);
@@ -37,7 +56,7 @@ struct ALCbackendVtable {
     ALCenum (*const captureSamples)(ALCbackend*, void*, ALCuint);
     ALCuint (*const availableSamples)(ALCbackend*);
 
-    ALint64 (*const getLatency)(ALCbackend*);
+    ClockLatency (*const getClockLatency)(ALCbackend*);
 
     void (*const lock)(ALCbackend*);
     void (*const unlock)(ALCbackend*);
@@ -48,13 +67,12 @@ struct ALCbackendVtable {
 #define DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(T)                                           \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)                                  \
 DECLARE_THUNK1(T, ALCbackend, ALCenum, open, const ALCchar*)                  \
-DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, void, close)                                     \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)                               \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, start)                               \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, void, stop)                                      \
 DECLARE_THUNK2(T, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)        \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)                       \
-DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)                             \
+DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)                   \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, void, lock)                                      \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackend, void, unlock)                                    \
 static void T##_ALCbackend_Delete(void *ptr)                                  \
@@ -64,13 +82,12 @@ static const struct ALCbackendVtable T##_ALCbackend_vtable = {                \
     T##_ALCbackend_Destruct,                                                  \
                                                                               \
     T##_ALCbackend_open,                                                      \
-    T##_ALCbackend_close,                                                     \
     T##_ALCbackend_reset,                                                     \
     T##_ALCbackend_start,                                                     \
     T##_ALCbackend_stop,                                                      \
     T##_ALCbackend_captureSamples,                                            \
     T##_ALCbackend_availableSamples,                                          \
-    T##_ALCbackend_getLatency,                                                \
+    T##_ALCbackend_getClockLatency,                                           \
     T##_ALCbackend_lock,                                                      \
     T##_ALCbackend_unlock,                                                    \
                                                                               \
@@ -99,7 +116,7 @@ struct ALCbackendFactoryVtable {
 
     ALCboolean (*const querySupport)(ALCbackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
 
-    void (*const probe)(ALCbackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+    void (*const probe)(ALCbackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 
     ALCbackend* (*const createBackend)(ALCbackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 };
@@ -108,7 +125,7 @@ struct ALCbackendFactoryVtable {
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackendFactory, ALCboolean, init)                         \
 DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)                             \
 DECLARE_THUNK1(T, ALCbackendFactory, ALCboolean, querySupport, ALCbackend_Type) \
-DECLARE_THUNK1(T, ALCbackendFactory, void, probe, enum DevProbe)              \
+DECLARE_THUNK2(T, ALCbackendFactory, void, probe, enum DevProbe, al_string*)  \
 DECLARE_THUNK2(T, ALCbackendFactory, ALCbackend*, createBackend, ALCdevice*, ALCbackend_Type) \
                                                                               \
 static const struct ALCbackendFactoryVtable T##_ALCbackendFactory_vtable = {  \
@@ -122,17 +139,40 @@ static const struct ALCbackendFactoryVtable T##_ALCbackendFactory_vtable = {  \
 
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCpulseBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCalsaBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCossBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCjackBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCsolarisBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
-ALCbackendFactory *ALCmmdevBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+ALCbackendFactory *SndioBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCqsaBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCwasapiBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCdsoundBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCwinmmBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCportBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCopenslBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCnullBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCwaveBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCsdl2BackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCloopbackFactory_getFactory(void);
 
-ALCbackend *create_backend_wrapper(ALCdevice *device, const BackendFuncs *funcs, ALCbackend_Type type);
+
+inline void ALCdevice_Lock(ALCdevice *device)
+{ V0(device->Backend,lock)(); }
+
+inline void ALCdevice_Unlock(ALCdevice *device)
+{ V0(device->Backend,unlock)(); }
+
+
+inline ClockLatency GetClockLatency(ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ClockLatency ret = V0(device->Backend,getClockLatency)();
+    ret.Latency += device->FixedLatency;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
 
 #endif /* AL_BACKENDS_BASE_H */
diff --git a/Alc/backends/coreaudio.c b/Alc/backends/coreaudio.c
index 43e881da..adb01fa6 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/coreaudio.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/coreaudio.c
@@ -23,195 +23,145 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <alloca.h>
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 
-#include <CoreServices/CoreServices.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <AudioUnit/AudioUnit.h>
 #include <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>
 
+#include "backends/base.h"
 
-typedef struct {
-    AudioUnit audioUnit;
-
-    ALuint frameSize;
-    ALdouble sampleRateRatio;              // Ratio of hardware sample rate / requested sample rate
-    AudioStreamBasicDescription format;    // This is the OpenAL format as a CoreAudio ASBD
 
-    AudioConverterRef audioConverter;      // Sample rate converter if needed
-    AudioBufferList *bufferList;           // Buffer for data coming from the input device
-    ALCvoid *resampleBuffer;               // Buffer for returned RingBuffer data when resampling
+static const ALCchar ca_device[] = "CoreAudio Default";
 
-    RingBuffer *ring;
-} ca_data;
 
-static const ALCchar ca_device[] = "CoreAudio Default";
+typedef struct ALCcoreAudioPlayback {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
 
+    AudioUnit audioUnit;
 
-static void destroy_buffer_list(AudioBufferList* list)
-{
-    if(list)
-    {
-        UInt32 i;
-        for(i = 0;i < list->mNumberBuffers;i++)
-            free(list->mBuffers[i].mData);
-        free(list);
-    }
-}
+    ALuint frameSize;
+    AudioStreamBasicDescription format;    // This is the OpenAL format as a CoreAudio ASBD
+} ALCcoreAudioPlayback;
 
-static AudioBufferList* allocate_buffer_list(UInt32 channelCount, UInt32 byteSize)
-{
-    AudioBufferList *list;
+static void ALCcoreAudioPlayback_Construct(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void ALCcoreAudioPlayback_Destruct(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self);
+static ALCenum ALCcoreAudioPlayback_open(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioPlayback_reset(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioPlayback_start(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self);
+static void ALCcoreAudioPlayback_stop(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCcoreAudioPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioPlayback, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCcoreAudioPlayback)
 
-    list = calloc(1, sizeof(AudioBufferList) + sizeof(AudioBuffer));
-    if(list)
-    {
-        list->mNumberBuffers = 1;
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCcoreAudioPlayback);
 
-        list->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = channelCount;
-        list->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = byteSize;
-        list->mBuffers[0].mData = malloc(byteSize);
-        if(list->mBuffers[0].mData == NULL)
-        {
-            free(list);
-            list = NULL;
-        }
-    }
-    return list;
-}
 
-static OSStatus ca_callback(void *inRefCon, AudioUnitRenderActionFlags *ioActionFlags, const AudioTimeStamp *inTimeStamp,
-                            UInt32 inBusNumber, UInt32 inNumberFrames, AudioBufferList *ioData)
+static void ALCcoreAudioPlayback_Construct(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
-    ALCdevice *device = (ALCdevice*)inRefCon;
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-
-    aluMixData(device, ioData->mBuffers[0].mData,
-               ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize / data->frameSize);
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCcoreAudioPlayback, ALCbackend, self);
 
-    return noErr;
+    self->frameSize = 0;
+    memset(&self->format, 0, sizeof(self->format));
 }
 
-static OSStatus ca_capture_conversion_callback(AudioConverterRef inAudioConverter, UInt32 *ioNumberDataPackets,
-        AudioBufferList *ioData, AudioStreamPacketDescription **outDataPacketDescription, void* inUserData)
+static void ALCcoreAudioPlayback_Destruct(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self)
 {
-    ALCdevice *device = (ALCdevice*)inUserData;
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    AudioUnitUninitialize(self->audioUnit);
+    AudioComponentInstanceDispose(self->audioUnit);
 
-    // Read from the ring buffer and store temporarily in a large buffer
-    ReadRingBuffer(data->ring, data->resampleBuffer, (ALsizei)(*ioNumberDataPackets));
-
-    // Set the input data
-    ioData->mNumberBuffers = 1;
-    ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = data->format.mChannelsPerFrame;
-    ioData->mBuffers[0].mData = data->resampleBuffer;
-    ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = (*ioNumberDataPackets) * data->format.mBytesPerFrame;
-
-    return noErr;
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
-static OSStatus ca_capture_callback(void *inRefCon, AudioUnitRenderActionFlags *ioActionFlags,
-                                    const AudioTimeStamp *inTimeStamp, UInt32 inBusNumber,
-                                    UInt32 inNumberFrames, AudioBufferList *ioData)
-{
-    ALCdevice *device = (ALCdevice*)inRefCon;
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-    AudioUnitRenderActionFlags flags = 0;
-    OSStatus err;
 
-    // fill the bufferList with data from the input device
-    err = AudioUnitRender(data->audioUnit, &flags, inTimeStamp, 1, inNumberFrames, data->bufferList);
-    if(err != noErr)
-    {
-        ERR("AudioUnitRender error: %d\n", err);
-        return err;
-    }
+static OSStatus ALCcoreAudioPlayback_MixerProc(void *inRefCon,
+  AudioUnitRenderActionFlags* UNUSED(ioActionFlags), const AudioTimeStamp* UNUSED(inTimeStamp),
+  UInt32 UNUSED(inBusNumber), UInt32 UNUSED(inNumberFrames), AudioBufferList *ioData)
+{
+    ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self = inRefCon;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
 
-    WriteRingBuffer(data->ring, data->bufferList->mBuffers[0].mData, inNumberFrames);
+    ALCcoreAudioPlayback_lock(self);
+    aluMixData(device, ioData->mBuffers[0].mData,
+               ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize / self->frameSize);
+    ALCcoreAudioPlayback_unlock(self);
 
     return noErr;
 }
 
-static ALCenum ca_open_playback(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
+
+static ALCenum ALCcoreAudioPlayback_open(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name)
 {
-    ComponentDescription desc;
-    Component comp;
-    ca_data *data;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+    AudioComponentDescription desc;
+    AudioComponent comp;
     OSStatus err;
 
-    if(!deviceName)
-        deviceName = ca_device;
-    else if(strcmp(deviceName, ca_device) != 0)
+    if(!name)
+        name = ca_device;
+    else if(strcmp(name, ca_device) != 0)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 
     /* open the default output unit */
     desc.componentType = kAudioUnitType_Output;
+#if TARGET_OS_IOS
+    desc.componentSubType = kAudioUnitSubType_RemoteIO;
+#else
     desc.componentSubType = kAudioUnitSubType_DefaultOutput;
+#endif
     desc.componentManufacturer = kAudioUnitManufacturer_Apple;
     desc.componentFlags = 0;
     desc.componentFlagsMask = 0;
 
-    comp = FindNextComponent(NULL, &desc);
+    comp = AudioComponentFindNext(NULL, &desc);
     if(comp == NULL)
     {
-        ERR("FindNextComponent failed\n");
+        ERR("AudioComponentFindNext failed\n");
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    data = calloc(1, sizeof(*data));
-
-    err = OpenAComponent(comp, &data->audioUnit);
+    err = AudioComponentInstanceNew(comp, &self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
-        ERR("OpenAComponent failed\n");
-        free(data);
+        ERR("AudioComponentInstanceNew failed\n");
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
     /* init and start the default audio unit... */
-    err = AudioUnitInitialize(data->audioUnit);
+    err = AudioUnitInitialize(self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitInitialize failed\n");
-        CloseComponent(data->audioUnit);
-        free(data);
+        AudioComponentInstanceDispose(self->audioUnit);
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
-    device->ExtraData = data;
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ca_close_playback(ALCdevice *device)
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioPlayback_reset(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self)
 {
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-
-    AudioUnitUninitialize(data->audioUnit);
-    CloseComponent(data->audioUnit);
-
-    free(data);
-    device->ExtraData = NULL;
-}
-
-static ALCboolean ca_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
-{
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     AudioStreamBasicDescription streamFormat;
     AURenderCallbackStruct input;
     OSStatus err;
     UInt32 size;
 
-    err = AudioUnitUninitialize(data->audioUnit);
+    err = AudioUnitUninitialize(self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
         ERR("-- AudioUnitUninitialize failed.\n");
 
     /* retrieve default output unit's properties (output side) */
     size = sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription);
-    err = AudioUnitGetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &streamFormat, &size);
+    err = AudioUnitGetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &streamFormat, &size);
     if(err != noErr || size != sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription))
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitGetProperty failed\n");
@@ -229,7 +179,7 @@ static ALCboolean ca_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
 #endif
 
     /* set default output unit's input side to match output side */
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 0, &streamFormat, size);
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 0, &streamFormat, size);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
@@ -238,7 +188,7 @@ static ALCboolean ca_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
 
     if(device->Frequency != streamFormat.mSampleRate)
     {
-        device->UpdateSize = (ALuint)((ALuint64)device->UpdateSize *
+        device->NumUpdates = (ALuint)((ALuint64)device->NumUpdates *
                                       streamFormat.mSampleRate /
                                       device->Frequency);
         device->Frequency = streamFormat.mSampleRate;
@@ -313,7 +263,7 @@ static ALCboolean ca_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
     streamFormat.mFormatFlags |= kAudioFormatFlagsNativeEndian |
                                  kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsPacked;
 
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 0, &streamFormat, sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription));
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 0, &streamFormat, sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
@@ -321,11 +271,11 @@ static ALCboolean ca_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
     }
 
     /* setup callback */
-    data->frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
-    input.inputProc = ca_callback;
-    input.inputProcRefCon = device;
+    self->frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
+    input.inputProc = ALCcoreAudioPlayback_MixerProc;
+    input.inputProcRefCon = self;
 
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_SetRenderCallback, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 0, &input, sizeof(AURenderCallbackStruct));
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_SetRenderCallback, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 0, &input, sizeof(AURenderCallbackStruct));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
@@ -333,7 +283,7 @@ static ALCboolean ca_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
     }
 
     /* init the default audio unit... */
-    err = AudioUnitInitialize(data->audioUnit);
+    err = AudioUnitInitialize(self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitInitialize failed\n");
@@ -343,12 +293,9 @@ static ALCboolean ca_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static ALCboolean ca_start_playback(ALCdevice *device)
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioPlayback_start(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self)
 {
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-    OSStatus err;
-
-    err = AudioOutputUnitStart(data->audioUnit);
+    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStart(self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioOutputUnitStart failed\n");
@@ -358,64 +305,196 @@ static ALCboolean ca_start_playback(ALCdevice *device)
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static void ca_stop_playback(ALCdevice *device)
+static void ALCcoreAudioPlayback_stop(ALCcoreAudioPlayback *self)
+{
+    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStop(self->audioUnit);
+    if(err != noErr)
+        ERR("AudioOutputUnitStop failed\n");
+}
+
+
+
+
+typedef struct ALCcoreAudioCapture {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
+
+    AudioUnit audioUnit;
+
+    ALuint frameSize;
+    ALdouble sampleRateRatio;              // Ratio of hardware sample rate / requested sample rate
+    AudioStreamBasicDescription format;    // This is the OpenAL format as a CoreAudio ASBD
+
+    AudioConverterRef audioConverter;      // Sample rate converter if needed
+    AudioBufferList *bufferList;           // Buffer for data coming from the input device
+    ALCvoid *resampleBuffer;               // Buffer for returned RingBuffer data when resampling
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *ring;
+} ALCcoreAudioCapture;
+
+static void ALCcoreAudioCapture_Construct(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void ALCcoreAudioCapture_Destruct(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self);
+static ALCenum ALCcoreAudioCapture_open(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioCapture_start(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self);
+static void ALCcoreAudioCapture_stop(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self);
+static ALCenum ALCcoreAudioCapture_captureSamples(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
+static ALCuint ALCcoreAudioCapture_availableSamples(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioCapture, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCcoreAudioCapture)
+
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCcoreAudioCapture);
+
+
+static AudioBufferList *allocate_buffer_list(UInt32 channelCount, UInt32 byteSize)
+{
+    AudioBufferList *list;
+
+    list = calloc(1, FAM_SIZE(AudioBufferList, mBuffers, 1) + byteSize);
+    if(list)
+    {
+        list->mNumberBuffers = 1;
+
+        list->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = channelCount;
+        list->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = byteSize;
+        list->mBuffers[0].mData = &list->mBuffers[1];
+    }
+    return list;
+}
+
+static void destroy_buffer_list(AudioBufferList *list)
+{
+    free(list);
+}
+
+
+static void ALCcoreAudioCapture_Construct(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCcoreAudioCapture, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->audioUnit = 0;
+    self->audioConverter = NULL;
+    self->bufferList = NULL;
+    self->resampleBuffer = NULL;
+    self->ring = NULL;
+}
+
+static void ALCcoreAudioCapture_Destruct(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self)
+{
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
+    self->ring = NULL;
+
+    free(self->resampleBuffer);
+    self->resampleBuffer = NULL;
+
+    destroy_buffer_list(self->bufferList);
+    self->bufferList = NULL;
+
+    if(self->audioConverter)
+        AudioConverterDispose(self->audioConverter);
+    self->audioConverter = NULL;
+
+    if(self->audioUnit)
+        AudioComponentInstanceDispose(self->audioUnit);
+    self->audioUnit = 0;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
+
+
+static OSStatus ALCcoreAudioCapture_RecordProc(void *inRefCon,
+  AudioUnitRenderActionFlags* UNUSED(ioActionFlags),
+  const AudioTimeStamp *inTimeStamp, UInt32 UNUSED(inBusNumber),
+  UInt32 inNumberFrames, AudioBufferList* UNUSED(ioData))
 {
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    ALCcoreAudioCapture *self = inRefCon;
+    AudioUnitRenderActionFlags flags = 0;
     OSStatus err;
 
-    err = AudioOutputUnitStop(data->audioUnit);
+    // fill the bufferList with data from the input device
+    err = AudioUnitRender(self->audioUnit, &flags, inTimeStamp, 1, inNumberFrames, self->bufferList);
     if(err != noErr)
-        ERR("AudioOutputUnitStop failed\n");
+    {
+        ERR("AudioUnitRender error: %d\n", err);
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_write(self->ring, self->bufferList->mBuffers[0].mData, inNumberFrames);
+
+    return noErr;
+}
+
+static OSStatus ALCcoreAudioCapture_ConvertCallback(AudioConverterRef UNUSED(inAudioConverter),
+  UInt32 *ioNumberDataPackets, AudioBufferList *ioData,
+  AudioStreamPacketDescription** UNUSED(outDataPacketDescription),
+  void *inUserData)
+{
+    ALCcoreAudioCapture *self = inUserData;
+
+    // Read from the ring buffer and store temporarily in a large buffer
+    ll_ringbuffer_read(self->ring, self->resampleBuffer, *ioNumberDataPackets);
+
+    // Set the input data
+    ioData->mNumberBuffers = 1;
+    ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = self->format.mChannelsPerFrame;
+    ioData->mBuffers[0].mData = self->resampleBuffer;
+    ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = (*ioNumberDataPackets) * self->format.mBytesPerFrame;
+
+    return noErr;
 }
 
-static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
+
+static ALCenum ALCcoreAudioCapture_open(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
 {
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     AudioStreamBasicDescription requestedFormat;  // The application requested format
     AudioStreamBasicDescription hardwareFormat;   // The hardware format
     AudioStreamBasicDescription outputFormat;     // The AudioUnit output format
     AURenderCallbackStruct input;
-    ComponentDescription desc;
-    AudioDeviceID inputDevice;
+    AudioComponentDescription desc;
     UInt32 outputFrameCount;
     UInt32 propertySize;
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress propertyAddress;
     UInt32 enableIO;
-    Component comp;
-    ca_data *data;
+    AudioComponent comp;
     OSStatus err;
 
-    if(!deviceName)
-        deviceName = ca_device;
-    else if(strcmp(deviceName, ca_device) != 0)
+    if(!name)
+        name = ca_device;
+    else if(strcmp(name, ca_device) != 0)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 
     desc.componentType = kAudioUnitType_Output;
+#if TARGET_OS_IOS
+    desc.componentSubType = kAudioUnitSubType_RemoteIO;
+#else
     desc.componentSubType = kAudioUnitSubType_HALOutput;
+#endif
     desc.componentManufacturer = kAudioUnitManufacturer_Apple;
     desc.componentFlags = 0;
     desc.componentFlagsMask = 0;
 
     // Search for component with given description
-    comp = FindNextComponent(NULL, &desc);
+    comp = AudioComponentFindNext(NULL, &desc);
     if(comp == NULL)
     {
-        ERR("FindNextComponent failed\n");
+        ERR("AudioComponentFindNext failed\n");
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    data = calloc(1, sizeof(*data));
-    device->ExtraData = data;
-
     // Open the component
-    err = OpenAComponent(comp, &data->audioUnit);
+    err = AudioComponentInstanceNew(comp, &self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
-        ERR("OpenAComponent failed\n");
+        ERR("AudioComponentInstanceNew failed\n");
         goto error;
     }
 
     // Turn off AudioUnit output
     enableIO = 0;
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &enableIO, sizeof(ALuint));
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &enableIO, sizeof(ALuint));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
@@ -424,22 +503,28 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
 
     // Turn on AudioUnit input
     enableIO = 1;
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 1, &enableIO, sizeof(ALuint));
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 1, &enableIO, sizeof(ALuint));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
         goto error;
     }
 
+#if !TARGET_OS_IOS
     // Get the default input device
+    AudioDeviceID inputDevice = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+
     propertySize = sizeof(AudioDeviceID);
-    err = AudioHardwareGetProperty(kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice, &propertySize, &inputDevice);
+    propertyAddress.mSelector = kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice;
+    propertyAddress.mScope = kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal;
+    propertyAddress.mElement = kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster;
+
+    err = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &propertyAddress, 0, NULL, &propertySize, &inputDevice);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
-        ERR("AudioHardwareGetProperty failed\n");
+        ERR("AudioObjectGetPropertyData failed\n");
         goto error;
     }
-
     if(inputDevice == kAudioDeviceUnknown)
     {
         ERR("No input device found\n");
@@ -447,18 +532,19 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
     }
 
     // Track the input device
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice, kAudioUnitScope_Global, 0, &inputDevice, sizeof(AudioDeviceID));
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice, kAudioUnitScope_Global, 0, &inputDevice, sizeof(AudioDeviceID));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
         goto error;
     }
+#endif
 
     // set capture callback
-    input.inputProc = ca_capture_callback;
-    input.inputProcRefCon = device;
+    input.inputProc = ALCcoreAudioCapture_RecordProc;
+    input.inputProcRefCon = self;
 
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_SetInputCallback, kAudioUnitScope_Global, 0, &input, sizeof(AURenderCallbackStruct));
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_SetInputCallback, kAudioUnitScope_Global, 0, &input, sizeof(AURenderCallbackStruct));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
@@ -466,7 +552,7 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
     }
 
     // Initialize the device
-    err = AudioUnitInitialize(data->audioUnit);
+    err = AudioUnitInitialize(self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitInitialize failed\n");
@@ -475,7 +561,7 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
 
     // Get the hardware format
     propertySize = sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription);
-    err = AudioUnitGetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 1, &hardwareFormat, &propertySize);
+    err = AudioUnitGetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Input, 1, &hardwareFormat, &propertySize);
     if(err != noErr || propertySize != sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription))
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitGetProperty failed\n");
@@ -522,7 +608,7 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
         case DevFmtX51Rear:
         case DevFmtX61:
         case DevFmtX71:
-        case DevFmtBFormat3D:
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
             ERR("%s not supported\n", DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans));
             goto error;
     }
@@ -535,8 +621,8 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
     requestedFormat.mFramesPerPacket = 1;
 
     // save requested format description for later use
-    data->format = requestedFormat;
-    data->frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    self->format = requestedFormat;
+    self->frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
     // Use intermediate format for sample rate conversion (outputFormat)
     // Set sample rate to the same as hardware for resampling later
@@ -544,11 +630,11 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
     outputFormat.mSampleRate = hardwareFormat.mSampleRate;
 
     // Determine sample rate ratio for resampling
-    data->sampleRateRatio = outputFormat.mSampleRate / device->Frequency;
+    self->sampleRateRatio = outputFormat.mSampleRate / device->Frequency;
 
     // The output format should be the requested format, but using the hardware sample rate
     // This is because the AudioUnit will automatically scale other properties, except for sample rate
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 1, (void *)&outputFormat, sizeof(outputFormat));
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 1, (void *)&outputFormat, sizeof(outputFormat));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed\n");
@@ -556,8 +642,8 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
     }
 
     // Set the AudioUnit output format frame count
-    outputFrameCount = device->UpdateSize * data->sampleRateRatio;
-    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(data->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &outputFrameCount, sizeof(outputFrameCount));
+    outputFrameCount = device->UpdateSize * self->sampleRateRatio;
+    err = AudioUnitSetProperty(self->audioUnit, kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice, kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &outputFrameCount, sizeof(outputFrameCount));
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioUnitSetProperty failed: %d\n", err);
@@ -565,7 +651,7 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
     }
 
     // Set up sample converter
-    err = AudioConverterNew(&outputFormat, &requestedFormat, &data->audioConverter);
+    err = AudioConverterNew(&outputFormat, &requestedFormat, &self->audioConverter);
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioConverterNew failed: %d\n", err);
@@ -573,92 +659,83 @@ static ALCenum ca_open_capture(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
     }
 
     // Create a buffer for use in the resample callback
-    data->resampleBuffer = malloc(device->UpdateSize * data->frameSize * data->sampleRateRatio);
+    self->resampleBuffer = malloc(device->UpdateSize * self->frameSize * self->sampleRateRatio);
 
     // Allocate buffer for the AudioUnit output
-    data->bufferList = allocate_buffer_list(outputFormat.mChannelsPerFrame, device->UpdateSize * data->frameSize * data->sampleRateRatio);
-    if(data->bufferList == NULL)
+    self->bufferList = allocate_buffer_list(outputFormat.mChannelsPerFrame, device->UpdateSize * self->frameSize * self->sampleRateRatio);
+    if(self->bufferList == NULL)
         goto error;
 
-    data->ring = CreateRingBuffer(data->frameSize, (device->UpdateSize * data->sampleRateRatio) * device->NumUpdates);
-    if(data->ring == NULL)
-        goto error;
+    self->ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(
+        (size_t)ceil(device->UpdateSize*self->sampleRateRatio*device->NumUpdates),
+        self->frameSize, false
+    );
+    if(!self->ring) goto error;
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 
 error:
-    DestroyRingBuffer(data->ring);
-    free(data->resampleBuffer);
-    destroy_buffer_list(data->bufferList);
-
-    if(data->audioConverter)
-        AudioConverterDispose(data->audioConverter);
-    if(data->audioUnit)
-        CloseComponent(data->audioUnit);
-
-    free(data);
-    device->ExtraData = NULL;
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
+    self->ring = NULL;
+    free(self->resampleBuffer);
+    self->resampleBuffer = NULL;
+    destroy_buffer_list(self->bufferList);
+    self->bufferList = NULL;
+
+    if(self->audioConverter)
+        AudioConverterDispose(self->audioConverter);
+    self->audioConverter = NULL;
+    if(self->audioUnit)
+        AudioComponentInstanceDispose(self->audioUnit);
+    self->audioUnit = 0;
 
     return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 }
 
-static void ca_close_capture(ALCdevice *device)
-{
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-
-    DestroyRingBuffer(data->ring);
-    free(data->resampleBuffer);
-    destroy_buffer_list(data->bufferList);
 
-    AudioConverterDispose(data->audioConverter);
-    CloseComponent(data->audioUnit);
-
-    free(data);
-    device->ExtraData = NULL;
-}
-
-static void ca_start_capture(ALCdevice *device)
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioCapture_start(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self)
 {
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStart(data->audioUnit);
+    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStart(self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
+    {
         ERR("AudioOutputUnitStart failed\n");
+        return ALC_FALSE;
+    }
+    return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static void ca_stop_capture(ALCdevice *device)
+static void ALCcoreAudioCapture_stop(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self)
 {
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStop(data->audioUnit);
+    OSStatus err = AudioOutputUnitStop(self->audioUnit);
     if(err != noErr)
         ERR("AudioOutputUnitStop failed\n");
 }
 
-static ALCenum ca_capture_samples(ALCdevice *device, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
+static ALCenum ALCcoreAudioCapture_captureSamples(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
 {
-    ca_data *data = (ca_data*)device->ExtraData;
-    AudioBufferList *list;
+    union {
+        ALbyte _[sizeof(AudioBufferList) + sizeof(AudioBuffer)];
+        AudioBufferList list;
+    } audiobuf = { { 0 } };
     UInt32 frameCount;
     OSStatus err;
 
     // If no samples are requested, just return
-    if(samples == 0)
-        return ALC_NO_ERROR;
-
-    // Allocate a temporary AudioBufferList to use as the return resamples data
-    list = alloca(sizeof(AudioBufferList) + sizeof(AudioBuffer));
+    if(samples == 0) return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 
     // Point the resampling buffer to the capture buffer
-    list->mNumberBuffers = 1;
-    list->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = data->format.mChannelsPerFrame;
-    list->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = samples * data->frameSize;
-    list->mBuffers[0].mData = buffer;
+    audiobuf.list.mNumberBuffers = 1;
+    audiobuf.list.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = self->format.mChannelsPerFrame;
+    audiobuf.list.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = samples * self->frameSize;
+    audiobuf.list.mBuffers[0].mData = buffer;
 
     // Resample into another AudioBufferList
     frameCount = samples;
-    err = AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer(data->audioConverter, ca_capture_conversion_callback,
-                                          device, &frameCount, list, NULL);
+    err = AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer(self->audioConverter,
+        ALCcoreAudioCapture_ConvertCallback, self, &frameCount, &audiobuf.list, NULL
+    );
     if(err != noErr)
     {
         ERR("AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer error: %d\n", err);
@@ -667,46 +744,73 @@ static ALCenum ca_capture_samples(ALCdevice *device, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint sa
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static ALCuint ca_available_samples(ALCdevice *device)
+static ALCuint ALCcoreAudioCapture_availableSamples(ALCcoreAudioCapture *self)
 {
-    ca_data *data = device->ExtraData;
-    return RingBufferSize(data->ring) / data->sampleRateRatio;
+    return ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->ring) / self->sampleRateRatio;
 }
 
 
-static const BackendFuncs ca_funcs = {
-    ca_open_playback,
-    ca_close_playback,
-    ca_reset_playback,
-    ca_start_playback,
-    ca_stop_playback,
-    ca_open_capture,
-    ca_close_capture,
-    ca_start_capture,
-    ca_stop_capture,
-    ca_capture_samples,
-    ca_available_samples
-};
-
-ALCboolean alc_ca_init(BackendFuncs *func_list)
+typedef struct ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
+} ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory;
+#define ALCCOREAUDIOBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER { { GET_VTABLE2(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory) } }
+
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_init(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
+static void ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_probe(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
+static ALCbackend* ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
+DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory);
+
+
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_getFactory(void)
+{
+    static ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory factory = ALCCOREAUDIOBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER;
+    return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackendFactory, &factory);
+}
+
+
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_init(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
-    *func_list = ca_funcs;
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-void alc_ca_deinit(void)
+static ALCboolean ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
 {
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback || ALCbackend_Capture)
+        return ALC_TRUE;
+    return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-void alc_ca_probe(enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_probe(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendAllDevicesList(ca_device);
-            break;
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendCaptureDeviceList(ca_device);
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, ca_device, ca_device+sizeof(ca_device));
             break;
     }
 }
+
+static ALCbackend* ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCcoreAudioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type)
+{
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
+    {
+        ALCcoreAudioPlayback *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCcoreAudioPlayback)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Capture)
+    {
+        ALCcoreAudioCapture *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCcoreAudioCapture)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/Alc/backends/dsound.c b/Alc/backends/dsound.c
index 4db4b557..c368cffb 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/dsound.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/dsound.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 #include "alstring.h"
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@
 DEFINE_GUID(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM, 0x00000001, 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71);
 DEFINE_GUID(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT, 0x00000003, 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71);
 
-#define DEVNAME_TAIL " on OpenAL Soft"
+#define DEVNAME_HEAD "OpenAL Soft on "
 
 
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ static void clear_devlist(vector_DevMap *list)
 {
 #define DEINIT_STR(i) AL_STRING_DEINIT((i)->name)
     VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, *list, DEINIT_STR);
-    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0);
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0, 0);
 #undef DEINIT_STR
 }
 
@@ -145,19 +146,18 @@ static BOOL CALLBACK DSoundEnumDevices(GUID *guid, const WCHAR *desc, const WCHA
     {
         const DevMap *iter;
 
-        al_string_copy_wcstr(&entry.name, desc);
-        if(count == 0)
-            al_string_append_cstr(&entry.name, DEVNAME_TAIL);
-        else
+        alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.name, DEVNAME_HEAD);
+        alstr_append_wcstr(&entry.name, desc);
+        if(count != 0)
         {
             char str[64];
-            snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d"DEVNAME_TAIL, count+1);
-            al_string_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
+            snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d", count+1);
+            alstr_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
         }
 
-#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (al_string_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (alstr_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, *devices, MATCH_ENTRY);
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(*devices)) break;
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(*devices)) break;
 #undef MATCH_ENTRY
         count++;
     }
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ static BOOL CALLBACK DSoundEnumDevices(GUID *guid, const WCHAR *desc, const WCHA
     hr = StringFromCLSID(guid, &guidstr);
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
-        TRACE("Got device \"%s\", GUID \"%ls\"\n", al_string_get_cstr(entry.name), guidstr);
+        TRACE("Got device \"%s\", GUID \"%ls\"\n", alstr_get_cstr(entry.name), guidstr);
         CoTaskMemFree(guidstr);
     }
 
@@ -185,22 +185,21 @@ typedef struct ALCdsoundPlayback {
     IDirectSoundNotify *Notifies;
     HANDLE             NotifyEvent;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCdsoundPlayback;
 
 static int ALCdsoundPlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 
 static void ALCdsoundPlayback_Construct(ALCdsoundPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
+static void ALCdsoundPlayback_Destruct(ALCdsoundPlayback *self);
 static ALCenum ALCdsoundPlayback_open(ALCdsoundPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCdsoundPlayback_close(ALCdsoundPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundPlayback_reset(ALCdsoundPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundPlayback_start(ALCdsoundPlayback *self);
 static void ALCdsoundPlayback_stop(ALCdsoundPlayback *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCdsoundPlayback)
@@ -212,6 +211,35 @@ static void ALCdsoundPlayback_Construct(ALCdsoundPlayback *self, ALCdevice *devi
 {
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCdsoundPlayback, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->DS = NULL;
+    self->PrimaryBuffer = NULL;
+    self->Buffer = NULL;
+    self->Notifies = NULL;
+    self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
+}
+
+static void ALCdsoundPlayback_Destruct(ALCdsoundPlayback *self)
+{
+    if(self->Notifies)
+        IDirectSoundNotify_Release(self->Notifies);
+    self->Notifies = NULL;
+    if(self->Buffer)
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Release(self->Buffer);
+    self->Buffer = NULL;
+    if(self->PrimaryBuffer != NULL)
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Release(self->PrimaryBuffer);
+    self->PrimaryBuffer = NULL;
+
+    if(self->DS)
+        IDirectSound_Release(self->DS);
+    self->DS = NULL;
+    if(self->NotifyEvent)
+        CloseHandle(self->NotifyEvent);
+    self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 
@@ -240,16 +268,17 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCdsoundPlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
     {
         ERR("Failed to get buffer caps: 0x%lx\n", err);
         ALCdevice_Lock(device);
-        aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failure retrieving playback buffer info: 0x%lx", err);
         ALCdevice_Unlock(device);
         return 1;
     }
 
-    FrameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    FrameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
     FragSize = device->UpdateSize * FrameSize;
 
     IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCurrentPosition(self->Buffer, &LastCursor, NULL);
-    while(!self->killNow)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
         // Get current play cursor
         IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCurrentPosition(self->Buffer, &PlayCursor, NULL);
@@ -264,7 +293,7 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCdsoundPlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
                 {
                     ERR("Failed to play buffer: 0x%lx\n", err);
                     ALCdevice_Lock(device);
-                    aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                    aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failure starting playback: 0x%lx", err);
                     ALCdevice_Unlock(device);
                     return 1;
                 }
@@ -300,8 +329,10 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCdsoundPlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
         if(SUCCEEDED(err))
         {
             // If we have an active context, mix data directly into output buffer otherwise fill with silence
+            ALCdevice_Lock(device);
             aluMixData(device, WritePtr1, WriteCnt1/FrameSize);
             aluMixData(device, WritePtr2, WriteCnt2/FrameSize);
+            ALCdevice_Unlock(device);
 
             // Unlock output buffer only when successfully locked
             IDirectSoundBuffer_Unlock(self->Buffer, WritePtr1, WriteCnt1, WritePtr2, WriteCnt2);
@@ -310,7 +341,7 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCdsoundPlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
         {
             ERR("Buffer lock error: %#lx\n", err);
             ALCdevice_Lock(device);
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to lock output buffer: 0x%lx", err);
             ALCdevice_Unlock(device);
             return 1;
         }
@@ -342,23 +373,23 @@ static ALCenum ALCdsoundPlayback_open(ALCdsoundPlayback *self, const ALCchar *de
 
     if(!deviceName && VECTOR_SIZE(PlaybackDevices) > 0)
     {
-        deviceName = al_string_get_cstr(VECTOR_FRONT(PlaybackDevices).name);
+        deviceName = alstr_get_cstr(VECTOR_FRONT(PlaybackDevices).name);
         guid = &VECTOR_FRONT(PlaybackDevices).guid;
     }
     else
     {
         const DevMap *iter;
 
-#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (al_string_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_NAME);
 #undef MATCH_NAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices))
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
         guid = &iter->guid;
     }
 
     hr = DS_OK;
-    self->NotifyEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+    self->NotifyEvent = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
     if(self->NotifyEvent == NULL)
         hr = E_FAIL;
 
@@ -380,29 +411,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCdsoundPlayback_open(ALCdsoundPlayback *self, const ALCchar *de
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCdsoundPlayback_close(ALCdsoundPlayback *self)
-{
-    if(self->Notifies)
-        IDirectSoundNotify_Release(self->Notifies);
-    self->Notifies = NULL;
-    if(self->Buffer)
-        IDirectSoundBuffer_Release(self->Buffer);
-    self->Buffer = NULL;
-    if(self->PrimaryBuffer != NULL)
-        IDirectSoundBuffer_Release(self->PrimaryBuffer);
-    self->PrimaryBuffer = NULL;
-
-    IDirectSound_Release(self->DS);
-    self->DS = NULL;
-    CloseHandle(self->NotifyEvent);
-    self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundPlayback_reset(ALCdsoundPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
@@ -473,7 +486,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCdsoundPlayback_reset(ALCdsoundPlayback *self)
             case DevFmtMono:
                 OutputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER;
                 break;
-            case DevFmtBFormat3D:
+            case DevFmtAmbi3D:
                 device->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
                 /*fall-through*/
             case DevFmtStereo:
@@ -526,7 +539,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCdsoundPlayback_reset(ALCdsoundPlayback *self)
 retry_open:
         hr = S_OK;
         OutputType.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
-        OutputType.Format.nChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+        OutputType.Format.nChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
         OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
         OutputType.Format.nBlockAlign = OutputType.Format.nChannels*OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample/8;
         OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec = device->Frequency;
@@ -625,7 +638,7 @@ retry_open:
 
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundPlayback_start(ALCdsoundPlayback *self)
 {
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCdsoundPlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
         return ALC_FALSE;
 
@@ -636,10 +649,8 @@ static void ALCdsoundPlayback_stop(ALCdsoundPlayback *self)
 {
     int res;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
-
-    self->killNow = 1;
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
     IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop(self->Buffer);
@@ -654,19 +665,19 @@ typedef struct ALCdsoundCapture {
     IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer *DSCbuffer;
     DWORD BufferBytes;
     DWORD Cursor;
-    RingBuffer *Ring;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *Ring;
 } ALCdsoundCapture;
 
 static void ALCdsoundCapture_Construct(ALCdsoundCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundCapture, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
+static void ALCdsoundCapture_Destruct(ALCdsoundCapture *self);
 static ALCenum ALCdsoundCapture_open(ALCdsoundCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCdsoundCapture_close(ALCdsoundCapture *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundCapture_start(ALCdsoundCapture *self);
 static void ALCdsoundCapture_stop(ALCdsoundCapture *self);
 static ALCenum ALCdsoundCapture_captureSamples(ALCdsoundCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
 static ALCuint ALCdsoundCapture_availableSamples(ALCdsoundCapture *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundCapture, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundCapture, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCdsoundCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCdsoundCapture)
@@ -677,6 +688,29 @@ static void ALCdsoundCapture_Construct(ALCdsoundCapture *self, ALCdevice *device
 {
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCdsoundCapture, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->DSC = NULL;
+    self->DSCbuffer = NULL;
+    self->Ring = NULL;
+}
+
+static void ALCdsoundCapture_Destruct(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
+{
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
+    self->Ring = NULL;
+
+    if(self->DSCbuffer != NULL)
+    {
+        IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop(self->DSCbuffer);
+        IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Release(self->DSCbuffer);
+        self->DSCbuffer = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if(self->DSC)
+        IDirectSoundCapture_Release(self->DSC);
+    self->DSC = NULL;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 
@@ -702,17 +736,17 @@ static ALCenum ALCdsoundCapture_open(ALCdsoundCapture *self, const ALCchar *devi
 
     if(!deviceName && VECTOR_SIZE(CaptureDevices) > 0)
     {
-        deviceName = al_string_get_cstr(VECTOR_FRONT(CaptureDevices).name);
+        deviceName = alstr_get_cstr(VECTOR_FRONT(CaptureDevices).name);
         guid = &VECTOR_FRONT(CaptureDevices).guid;
     }
     else
     {
         const DevMap *iter;
 
-#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (al_string_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(i)  (alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureDevices, MATCH_NAME);
 #undef MATCH_NAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices))
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
         guid = &iter->guid;
     }
@@ -732,99 +766,98 @@ static ALCenum ALCdsoundCapture_open(ALCdsoundCapture *self, const ALCchar *devi
             break;
     }
 
-    //DirectSoundCapture Init code
-    hr = DirectSoundCaptureCreate(guid, &self->DSC, NULL);
-    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
+    memset(&InputType, 0, sizeof(InputType));
+    switch(device->FmtChans)
     {
-        memset(&InputType, 0, sizeof(InputType));
-
-        switch(device->FmtChans)
-        {
-            case DevFmtMono:
-                InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER;
-                break;
-            case DevFmtStereo:
-                InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT;
-                break;
-            case DevFmtQuad:
-                InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
-                                          SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT;
-                break;
-            case DevFmtX51:
-                InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
-                                          SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
-                                          SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT;
-                break;
-            case DevFmtX51Rear:
-                InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
-                                          SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
-                                          SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT;
-                break;
-            case DevFmtX61:
-                InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
-                                          SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
-                                          SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER |
-                                          SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT;
-                break;
-            case DevFmtX71:
-                InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
-                                          SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
-                                          SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
-                                          SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT |
-                                          SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT |
-                                          SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT;
-                break;
-            case DevFmtBFormat3D:
-                break;
-        }
+        case DevFmtMono:
+            InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtStereo:
+            InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtQuad:
+            InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
+                                      SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX51:
+            InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
+                                      SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
+                                      SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX51Rear:
+            InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
+                                      SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
+                                      SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX61:
+            InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
+                                      SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
+                                      SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER |
+                                      SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX71:
+            InputType.dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |
+                                      SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER |
+                                      SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |
+                                      SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT |
+                                      SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT |
+                                      SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
+            WARN("%s capture not supported\n", DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans));
+            return ALC_INVALID_ENUM;
+    }
 
-        InputType.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
-        InputType.Format.nChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
-        InputType.Format.wBitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
-        InputType.Format.nBlockAlign = InputType.Format.nChannels*InputType.Format.wBitsPerSample/8;
-        InputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec = device->Frequency;
-        InputType.Format.nAvgBytesPerSec = InputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec*InputType.Format.nBlockAlign;
-        InputType.Format.cbSize = 0;
+    InputType.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
+    InputType.Format.nChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
+    InputType.Format.wBitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
+    InputType.Format.nBlockAlign = InputType.Format.nChannels*InputType.Format.wBitsPerSample/8;
+    InputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec = device->Frequency;
+    InputType.Format.nAvgBytesPerSec = InputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec*InputType.Format.nBlockAlign;
+    InputType.Format.cbSize = 0;
+    InputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = InputType.Format.wBitsPerSample;
+    if(device->FmtType == DevFmtFloat)
+        InputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT;
+    else
+        InputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
 
-        if(InputType.Format.nChannels > 2 || device->FmtType == DevFmtFloat)
-        {
-            InputType.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE;
-            InputType.Format.cbSize = sizeof(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE) - sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX);
-            InputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = InputType.Format.wBitsPerSample;
-            if(device->FmtType == DevFmtFloat)
-                InputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT;
-            else
-                InputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
-        }
+    if(InputType.Format.nChannels > 2 || device->FmtType == DevFmtFloat)
+    {
+        InputType.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE;
+        InputType.Format.cbSize = sizeof(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE) - sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX);
+    }
 
-        samples = device->UpdateSize * device->NumUpdates;
-        samples = maxu(samples, 100 * device->Frequency / 1000);
+    samples = device->UpdateSize * device->NumUpdates;
+    samples = maxu(samples, 100 * device->Frequency / 1000);
 
-        memset(&DSCBDescription, 0, sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC));
-        DSCBDescription.dwSize = sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC);
-        DSCBDescription.dwFlags = 0;
-        DSCBDescription.dwBufferBytes = samples * InputType.Format.nBlockAlign;
-        DSCBDescription.lpwfxFormat = &InputType.Format;
+    memset(&DSCBDescription, 0, sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC));
+    DSCBDescription.dwSize = sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC);
+    DSCBDescription.dwFlags = 0;
+    DSCBDescription.dwBufferBytes = samples * InputType.Format.nBlockAlign;
+    DSCBDescription.lpwfxFormat = &InputType.Format;
 
+    //DirectSoundCapture Init code
+    hr = DirectSoundCaptureCreate(guid, &self->DSC, NULL);
+    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
         hr = IDirectSoundCapture_CreateCaptureBuffer(self->DSC, &DSCBDescription, &self->DSCbuffer, NULL);
-    }
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
-         self->Ring = CreateRingBuffer(InputType.Format.nBlockAlign, device->UpdateSize * device->NumUpdates);
+         self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates,
+                                           InputType.Format.nBlockAlign, false);
          if(self->Ring == NULL)
              hr = DSERR_OUTOFMEMORY;
     }
@@ -833,7 +866,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCdsoundCapture_open(ALCdsoundCapture *self, const ALCchar *devi
     {
         ERR("Device init failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
 
-        DestroyRingBuffer(self->Ring);
+        ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
         self->Ring = NULL;
         if(self->DSCbuffer != NULL)
             IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Release(self->DSCbuffer);
@@ -848,27 +881,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCdsoundCapture_open(ALCdsoundCapture *self, const ALCchar *devi
     self->BufferBytes = DSCBDescription.dwBufferBytes;
     SetDefaultWFXChannelOrder(device);
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCdsoundCapture_close(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
-{
-    DestroyRingBuffer(self->Ring);
-    self->Ring = NULL;
-
-    if(self->DSCbuffer != NULL)
-    {
-        IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop(self->DSCbuffer);
-        IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Release(self->DSCbuffer);
-        self->DSCbuffer = NULL;
-    }
-
-    IDirectSoundCapture_Release(self->DSC);
-    self->DSC = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundCapture_start(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
 {
     HRESULT hr;
@@ -877,7 +894,8 @@ static ALCboolean ALCdsoundCapture_start(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
     if(FAILED(hr))
     {
         ERR("start failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
-        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice,
+                            "Failure starting capture: 0x%lx", hr);
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
@@ -892,13 +910,14 @@ static void ALCdsoundCapture_stop(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
     if(FAILED(hr))
     {
         ERR("stop failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
-        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice,
+                            "Failure stopping capture: 0x%lx", hr);
     }
 }
 
 static ALCenum ALCdsoundCapture_captureSamples(ALCdsoundCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
 {
-    ReadRingBuffer(self->Ring, buffer, samples);
+    ll_ringbuffer_read(self->Ring, buffer, samples);
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
@@ -911,10 +930,10 @@ static ALCuint ALCdsoundCapture_availableSamples(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
     DWORD FrameSize;
     HRESULT hr;
 
-    if(!device->Connected)
+    if(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
         goto done;
 
-    FrameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    FrameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
     BufferBytes = self->BufferBytes;
     LastCursor = self->Cursor;
 
@@ -930,9 +949,9 @@ static ALCuint ALCdsoundCapture_availableSamples(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
     }
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
-        WriteRingBuffer(self->Ring, ReadPtr1, ReadCnt1/FrameSize);
+        ll_ringbuffer_write(self->Ring, ReadPtr1, ReadCnt1/FrameSize);
         if(ReadPtr2 != NULL)
-            WriteRingBuffer(self->Ring, ReadPtr2, ReadCnt2/FrameSize);
+            ll_ringbuffer_write(self->Ring, ReadPtr2, ReadCnt2/FrameSize);
         hr = IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Unlock(self->DSCbuffer,
                                               ReadPtr1, ReadCnt1,
                                               ReadPtr2, ReadCnt2);
@@ -942,19 +961,14 @@ static ALCuint ALCdsoundCapture_availableSamples(ALCdsoundCapture *self)
     if(FAILED(hr))
     {
         ERR("update failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
-        aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failure retrieving capture data: 0x%lx", hr);
     }
 
 done:
-    return RingBufferSize(self->Ring);
+    return (ALCuint)ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->Ring);
 }
 
 
-static inline void AppendAllDevicesList2(const DevMap *entry)
-{ AppendAllDevicesList(al_string_get_cstr(entry->name)); }
-static inline void AppendCaptureDeviceList2(const DevMap *entry)
-{ AppendCaptureDeviceList(al_string_get_cstr(entry->name)); }
-
 typedef struct ALCdsoundBackendFactory {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
 } ALCdsoundBackendFactory;
@@ -965,7 +979,7 @@ ALCbackendFactory *ALCdsoundBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundBackendFactory_init(ALCdsoundBackendFactory *self);
 static void ALCdsoundBackendFactory_deinit(ALCdsoundBackendFactory *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCdsoundBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCdsoundBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCdsoundBackendFactory_probe(ALCdsoundBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCdsoundBackendFactory_probe(ALCdsoundBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCdsoundBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCdsoundBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCdsoundBackendFactory);
 
@@ -1009,7 +1023,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCdsoundBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCdsoundBackendFactory*
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCdsoundBackendFactory_probe(ALCdsoundBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCdsoundBackendFactory_probe(ALCdsoundBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     HRESULT hr, hrcom;
 
@@ -1017,12 +1031,17 @@ static void ALCdsoundBackendFactory_probe(ALCdsoundBackendFactory* UNUSED(self),
     hrcom = CoInitialize(NULL);
     switch(type)
     {
+#define APPEND_OUTNAME(e) do {                                                \
+    if(!alstr_empty((e)->name))                                               \
+        alstr_append_range(outnames, VECTOR_BEGIN((e)->name),                 \
+                           VECTOR_END((e)->name)+1);                          \
+} while(0)
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
             clear_devlist(&PlaybackDevices);
             hr = DirectSoundEnumerateW(DSoundEnumDevices, &PlaybackDevices);
             if(FAILED(hr))
                 ERR("Error enumerating DirectSound playback devices (0x%lx)!\n", hr);
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, AppendAllDevicesList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
@@ -1030,8 +1049,9 @@ static void ALCdsoundBackendFactory_probe(ALCdsoundBackendFactory* UNUSED(self),
             hr = DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW(DSoundEnumDevices, &CaptureDevices);
             if(FAILED(hr))
                 ERR("Error enumerating DirectSound capture devices (0x%lx)!\n", hr);
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, AppendCaptureDeviceList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
+#undef APPEND_OUTNAME
     }
     if(SUCCEEDED(hrcom))
         CoUninitialize();
diff --git a/Alc/backends/jack.c b/Alc/backends/jack.c
index 69d1277a..fdbe93f2 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/jack.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/jack.c
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "alconfig.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
@@ -54,6 +56,7 @@ static const ALCchar jackDevice[] = "JACK Default";
     MAGIC(jack_get_ports);         \
     MAGIC(jack_free);              \
     MAGIC(jack_get_sample_rate);   \
+    MAGIC(jack_set_error_function); \
     MAGIC(jack_set_process_callback); \
     MAGIC(jack_set_buffer_size_callback); \
     MAGIC(jack_set_buffer_size);   \
@@ -62,6 +65,7 @@ static const ALCchar jackDevice[] = "JACK Default";
 static void *jack_handle;
 #define MAKE_FUNC(f) static __typeof(f) * p##f
 JACK_FUNCS(MAKE_FUNC);
+static __typeof(jack_error_callback) * pjack_error_callback;
 #undef MAKE_FUNC
 
 #define jack_client_open pjack_client_open
@@ -78,10 +82,12 @@ JACK_FUNCS(MAKE_FUNC);
 #define jack_get_ports pjack_get_ports
 #define jack_free pjack_free
 #define jack_get_sample_rate pjack_get_sample_rate
+#define jack_set_error_function pjack_set_error_function
 #define jack_set_process_callback pjack_set_process_callback
 #define jack_set_buffer_size_callback pjack_set_buffer_size_callback
 #define jack_set_buffer_size pjack_set_buffer_size
 #define jack_get_buffer_size pjack_get_buffer_size
+#define jack_error_callback (*pjack_error_callback)
 #endif
 
 
@@ -94,26 +100,42 @@ static ALCboolean jack_load(void)
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
     if(!jack_handle)
     {
-        jack_handle = LoadLib("libjack.so.0");
+        al_string missing_funcs = AL_STRING_INIT_STATIC();
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define JACKLIB "libjack.dll"
+#else
+#define JACKLIB "libjack.so.0"
+#endif
+        jack_handle = LoadLib(JACKLIB);
         if(!jack_handle)
+        {
+            WARN("Failed to load %s\n", JACKLIB);
             return ALC_FALSE;
+        }
 
         error = ALC_FALSE;
 #define LOAD_FUNC(f) do {                                                     \
     p##f = GetSymbol(jack_handle, #f);                                        \
     if(p##f == NULL) {                                                        \
         error = ALC_TRUE;                                                     \
+        alstr_append_cstr(&missing_funcs, "\n" #f);                           \
     }                                                                         \
 } while(0)
         JACK_FUNCS(LOAD_FUNC);
 #undef LOAD_FUNC
+        /* Optional symbols. These don't exist in all versions of JACK. */
+#define LOAD_SYM(f) p##f = GetSymbol(jack_handle, #f)
+        LOAD_SYM(jack_error_callback);
+#undef LOAD_SYM
 
         if(error)
         {
+            WARN("Missing expected functions:%s\n", alstr_get_cstr(missing_funcs));
             CloseLib(jack_handle);
             jack_handle = NULL;
-            return ALC_FALSE;
         }
+        alstr_reset(&missing_funcs);
     }
 #endif
 
@@ -128,9 +150,9 @@ typedef struct ALCjackPlayback {
     jack_port_t *Port[MAX_OUTPUT_CHANNELS];
 
     ll_ringbuffer_t *Ring;
-    alcnd_t Cond;
+    alsem_t Sem;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCjackPlayback;
 
@@ -142,15 +164,14 @@ static int ALCjackPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg);
 static void ALCjackPlayback_Construct(ALCjackPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static void ALCjackPlayback_Destruct(ALCjackPlayback *self);
 static ALCenum ALCjackPlayback_open(ALCjackPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCjackPlayback_close(ALCjackPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_reset(ALCjackPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_start(ALCjackPlayback *self);
 static void ALCjackPlayback_stop(ALCjackPlayback *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCjackPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCjackPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static ALint64 ALCjackPlayback_getLatency(ALCjackPlayback *self);
-static void ALCjackPlayback_lock(ALCjackPlayback *self);
-static void ALCjackPlayback_unlock(ALCjackPlayback *self);
+static ClockLatency ALCjackPlayback_getClockLatency(ALCjackPlayback *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCjackPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCjackPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCjackPlayback)
 
 DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCjackPlayback);
@@ -163,14 +184,14 @@ static void ALCjackPlayback_Construct(ALCjackPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device)
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCjackPlayback, ALCbackend, self);
 
-    alcnd_init(&self->Cond);
+    alsem_init(&self->Sem, 0);
 
     self->Client = NULL;
     for(i = 0;i < MAX_OUTPUT_CHANNELS;i++)
         self->Port[i] = NULL;
     self->Ring = NULL;
 
-    self->killNow = 1;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
 }
 
 static void ALCjackPlayback_Destruct(ALCjackPlayback *self)
@@ -189,7 +210,7 @@ static void ALCjackPlayback_Destruct(ALCjackPlayback *self)
         self->Client = NULL;
     }
 
-    alcnd_destroy(&self->Cond);
+    alsem_destroy(&self->Sem);
 
     ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
@@ -204,19 +225,23 @@ static int ALCjackPlayback_bufferSizeNotify(jack_nframes_t numframes, void *arg)
     ALCjackPlayback_lock(self);
     device->UpdateSize = numframes;
     device->NumUpdates = 2;
-    TRACE("%u update size x%u\n", device->UpdateSize, device->NumUpdates);
 
     bufsize = device->UpdateSize;
-    if(ConfigValueUInt(al_string_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "jack", "buffer-size", &bufsize))
+    if(ConfigValueUInt(alstr_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "jack", "buffer-size", &bufsize))
         bufsize = maxu(NextPowerOf2(bufsize), device->UpdateSize);
-    bufsize += device->UpdateSize;
+    device->NumUpdates = (bufsize+device->UpdateSize) / device->UpdateSize;
+
+    TRACE("%u update size x%u\n", device->UpdateSize, device->NumUpdates);
 
     ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
-    self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(bufsize, FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType));
+    self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(bufsize,
+        FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder),
+        true
+    );
     if(!self->Ring)
     {
         ERR("Failed to reallocate ringbuffer\n");
-        aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to reallocate %u-sample buffer", bufsize);
     }
     ALCjackPlayback_unlock(self);
     return 0;
@@ -230,7 +255,7 @@ static int ALCjackPlayback_process(jack_nframes_t numframes, void *arg)
     ll_ringbuffer_data_t data[2];
     jack_nframes_t total = 0;
     jack_nframes_t todo;
-    ALuint i, c, numchans;
+    ALsizei i, c, numchans;
 
     ll_ringbuffer_get_read_vector(self->Ring, data);
 
@@ -241,8 +266,9 @@ static int ALCjackPlayback_process(jack_nframes_t numframes, void *arg)
     todo = minu(numframes, data[0].len);
     for(c = 0;c < numchans;c++)
     {
-        for(i = 0;i < todo;i++)
-            out[c][i] = ((ALfloat*)data[0].buf)[i*numchans + c];
+        const ALfloat *restrict in = ((ALfloat*)data[0].buf) + c;
+        for(i = 0;(jack_nframes_t)i < todo;i++)
+            out[c][i] = in[i*numchans];
         out[c] += todo;
     }
     total += todo;
@@ -252,22 +278,23 @@ static int ALCjackPlayback_process(jack_nframes_t numframes, void *arg)
     {
         for(c = 0;c < numchans;c++)
         {
-            for(i = 0;i < todo;i++)
-                out[c][i] = ((ALfloat*)data[1].buf)[i*numchans + c];
+            const ALfloat *restrict in = ((ALfloat*)data[1].buf) + c;
+            for(i = 0;(jack_nframes_t)i < todo;i++)
+                out[c][i] = in[i*numchans];
             out[c] += todo;
         }
         total += todo;
     }
 
     ll_ringbuffer_read_advance(self->Ring, total);
-    alcnd_signal(&self->Cond);
+    alsem_post(&self->Sem);
 
     if(numframes > total)
     {
         todo = numframes-total;
         for(c = 0;c < numchans;c++)
         {
-            for(i = 0;i < todo;i++)
+            for(i = 0;(jack_nframes_t)i < todo;i++)
                 out[c][i] = 0.0f;
         }
     }
@@ -285,27 +312,16 @@ static int ALCjackPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
 
     ALCjackPlayback_lock(self);
-    while(!self->killNow && device->Connected)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
         ALuint todo, len1, len2;
 
-        /* NOTE: Unfortunately, there is an unavoidable race condition here.
-         * It's possible for the process() method to run, updating the read
-         * pointer and signaling the condition variable, in between the mixer
-         * loop checking the write size and waiting for the condition variable.
-         * This will cause the mixer loop to wait until the *next* process()
-         * invocation, most likely writing silence for it.
-         *
-         * However, this should only happen if the mixer is running behind
-         * anyway (as ideally we'll be asleep in alcnd_wait by the time the
-         * process() method is invoked), so this behavior is not unwarranted.
-         * It's unfortunate since it'll be wasting time sleeping that could be
-         * used to catch up, but there's no way around it without blocking in
-         * the process() method.
-         */
         if(ll_ringbuffer_write_space(self->Ring) < device->UpdateSize)
         {
-            alcnd_wait(&self->Cond, &STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mMutex);
+            ALCjackPlayback_unlock(self);
+            alsem_wait(&self->Sem);
+            ALCjackPlayback_lock(self);
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -355,29 +371,15 @@ static ALCenum ALCjackPlayback_open(ALCjackPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name)
     jack_set_process_callback(self->Client, ALCjackPlayback_process, self);
     jack_set_buffer_size_callback(self->Client, ALCjackPlayback_bufferSizeNotify, self);
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCjackPlayback_close(ALCjackPlayback *self)
-{
-    ALuint i;
-
-    for(i = 0;i < MAX_OUTPUT_CHANNELS;i++)
-    {
-        if(self->Port[i])
-            jack_port_unregister(self->Client, self->Port[i]);
-        self->Port[i] = NULL;
-    }
-    jack_client_close(self->Client);
-    self->Client = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_reset(ALCjackPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    ALuint numchans, i;
+    ALsizei numchans, i;
     ALuint bufsize;
 
     for(i = 0;i < MAX_OUTPUT_CHANNELS;i++)
@@ -388,23 +390,21 @@ static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_reset(ALCjackPlayback *self)
     }
 
     /* Ignore the requested buffer metrics and just keep one JACK-sized buffer
-     * ready for when requested. Note that one period's worth of audio in the
-     * ring buffer will always be left unfilled because one element of the ring
-     * buffer will not be writeable, and we only write in period-sized chunks.
+     * ready for when requested.
      */
     device->Frequency = jack_get_sample_rate(self->Client);
     device->UpdateSize = jack_get_buffer_size(self->Client);
     device->NumUpdates = 2;
 
     bufsize = device->UpdateSize;
-    if(ConfigValueUInt(al_string_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "jack", "buffer-size", &bufsize))
+    if(ConfigValueUInt(alstr_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "jack", "buffer-size", &bufsize))
         bufsize = maxu(NextPowerOf2(bufsize), device->UpdateSize);
-    bufsize += device->UpdateSize;
+    device->NumUpdates = (bufsize+device->UpdateSize) / device->UpdateSize;
 
     /* Force 32-bit float output. */
     device->FmtType = DevFmtFloat;
 
-    numchans = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    numchans = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
     for(i = 0;i < numchans;i++)
     {
         char name[64];
@@ -433,7 +433,10 @@ static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_reset(ALCjackPlayback *self)
     }
 
     ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
-    self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(bufsize, FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType));
+    self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(bufsize,
+        FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder),
+        true
+    );
     if(!self->Ring)
     {
         ERR("Failed to allocate ringbuffer\n");
@@ -448,7 +451,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_reset(ALCjackPlayback *self)
 static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_start(ALCjackPlayback *self)
 {
     const char **ports;
-    ALuint i;
+    ALsizei i;
 
     if(jack_activate(self->Client))
     {
@@ -475,7 +478,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCjackPlayback_start(ALCjackPlayback *self)
     }
     jack_free(ports);
 
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCjackPlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
     {
         jack_deactivate(self->Client);
@@ -489,47 +492,36 @@ static void ALCjackPlayback_stop(ALCjackPlayback *self)
 {
     int res;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
 
-    self->killNow = 1;
-    /* Lock the backend to ensure we don't flag the mixer to die and signal the
-     * mixer to wake up in between it checking the flag and going to sleep and
-     * wait for a wakeup (potentially leading to it never waking back up to see
-     * the flag). */
-    ALCjackPlayback_lock(self);
-    ALCjackPlayback_unlock(self);
-    alcnd_signal(&self->Cond);
+    alsem_post(&self->Sem);
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
     jack_deactivate(self->Client);
 }
 
 
-static ALint64 ALCjackPlayback_getLatency(ALCjackPlayback *self)
+static ClockLatency ALCjackPlayback_getClockLatency(ALCjackPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    ALint64 latency;
+    ClockLatency ret;
 
     ALCjackPlayback_lock(self);
-    latency = ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->Ring);
+    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(device);
+    ret.Latency = ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->Ring) * DEVICE_CLOCK_RES /
+                  device->Frequency;
     ALCjackPlayback_unlock(self);
 
-    return latency * 1000000000 / device->Frequency;
+    return ret;
 }
 
 
-static void ALCjackPlayback_lock(ALCjackPlayback *self)
+static void jack_msg_handler(const char *message)
 {
-    almtx_lock(&STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mMutex);
+    WARN("%s\n", message);
 }
 
-static void ALCjackPlayback_unlock(ALCjackPlayback *self)
-{
-    almtx_unlock(&STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mMutex);
-}
-
-
 typedef struct ALCjackBackendFactory {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
 } ALCjackBackendFactory;
@@ -537,6 +529,7 @@ typedef struct ALCjackBackendFactory {
 
 static ALCboolean ALCjackBackendFactory_init(ALCjackBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
+    void (*old_error_cb)(const char*);
     jack_client_t *client;
     jack_status_t status;
 
@@ -545,7 +538,11 @@ static ALCboolean ALCjackBackendFactory_init(ALCjackBackendFactory* UNUSED(self)
 
     if(!GetConfigValueBool(NULL, "jack", "spawn-server", 0))
         ClientOptions |= JackNoStartServer;
+
+    old_error_cb = (&jack_error_callback ? jack_error_callback : NULL);
+    jack_set_error_function(jack_msg_handler);
     client = jack_client_open("alsoft", ClientOptions, &status, NULL);
+    jack_set_error_function(old_error_cb);
     if(client == NULL)
     {
         WARN("jack_client_open() failed, 0x%02x\n", status);
@@ -574,12 +571,12 @@ static ALCboolean ALCjackBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCjackBackendFactory* UNUS
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCjackBackendFactory_probe(ALCjackBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCjackBackendFactory_probe(ALCjackBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendAllDevicesList(jackDevice);
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, jackDevice, jackDevice+sizeof(jackDevice));
             break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
diff --git a/Alc/backends/loopback.c b/Alc/backends/loopback.c
index 3e577f78..e9940086 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/loopback.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/loopback.c
@@ -35,13 +35,12 @@ typedef struct ALCloopback {
 static void ALCloopback_Construct(ALCloopback *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCloopback, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
 static ALCenum ALCloopback_open(ALCloopback *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCloopback_close(ALCloopback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCloopback_reset(ALCloopback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCloopback_start(ALCloopback *self);
 static void ALCloopback_stop(ALCloopback *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCloopback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCloopback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCloopback, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCloopback, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCloopback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCloopback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCloopback)
@@ -59,14 +58,10 @@ static ALCenum ALCloopback_open(ALCloopback *self, const ALCchar *name)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCloopback_close(ALCloopback* UNUSED(self))
-{
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCloopback_reset(ALCloopback *self)
 {
     SetDefaultWFXChannelOrder(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice);
@@ -92,7 +87,7 @@ ALCbackendFactory *ALCloopbackFactory_getFactory(void);
 static ALCboolean ALCloopbackFactory_init(ALCloopbackFactory *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCloopbackFactory, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)
 static ALCboolean ALCloopbackFactory_querySupport(ALCloopbackFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCloopbackFactory_probe(ALCloopbackFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCloopbackFactory_probe(ALCloopbackFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCloopbackFactory_createBackend(ALCloopbackFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCloopbackFactory);
 
@@ -115,7 +110,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCloopbackFactory_querySupport(ALCloopbackFactory* UNUSED(sel
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCloopbackFactory_probe(ALCloopbackFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe UNUSED(type))
+static void ALCloopbackFactory_probe(ALCloopbackFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe UNUSED(type), al_string* UNUSED(outnames))
 {
 }
 
diff --git a/Alc/backends/null.c b/Alc/backends/null.c
index 99729c0a..d1c110e8 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/null.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/null.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 typedef struct ALCnullBackend {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(int) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCnullBackend;
 
@@ -45,13 +45,12 @@ static int ALCnullBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 static void ALCnullBackend_Construct(ALCnullBackend *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
 static ALCenum ALCnullBackend_open(ALCnullBackend *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCnullBackend_close(ALCnullBackend *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCnullBackend_reset(ALCnullBackend *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCnullBackend_start(ALCnullBackend *self);
 static void ALCnullBackend_stop(ALCnullBackend *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCnullBackend)
@@ -66,6 +65,8 @@ static void ALCnullBackend_Construct(ALCnullBackend *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCnullBackend, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
 }
 
 
@@ -87,7 +88,8 @@ static int ALCnullBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr)
         ERR("Failed to get starting time\n");
         return 1;
     }
-    while(!self->killNow && device->Connected)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
         if(altimespec_get(&now, AL_TIME_UTC) != AL_TIME_UTC)
         {
@@ -109,7 +111,9 @@ static int ALCnullBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr)
             al_nssleep(restTime);
         else while(avail-done >= device->UpdateSize)
         {
+            ALCnullBackend_lock(self);
             aluMixData(device, NULL, device->UpdateSize);
+            ALCnullBackend_unlock(self);
             done += device->UpdateSize;
         }
     }
@@ -128,15 +132,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCnullBackend_open(ALCnullBackend *self, const ALCchar *name)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 
     device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCnullBackend_close(ALCnullBackend* UNUSED(self))
-{
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCnullBackend_reset(ALCnullBackend *self)
 {
     SetDefaultWFXChannelOrder(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice);
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCnullBackend_reset(ALCnullBackend *self)
 
 static ALCboolean ALCnullBackend_start(ALCnullBackend *self)
 {
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCnullBackend_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
         return ALC_FALSE;
     return ALC_TRUE;
@@ -155,10 +155,8 @@ static void ALCnullBackend_stop(ALCnullBackend *self)
 {
     int res;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
-
-    self->killNow = 1;
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 }
 
@@ -173,7 +171,7 @@ ALCbackendFactory *ALCnullBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 static ALCboolean ALCnullBackendFactory_init(ALCnullBackendFactory *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCnullBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)
 static ALCboolean ALCnullBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCnullBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCnullBackendFactory_probe(ALCnullBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCnullBackendFactory_probe(ALCnullBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCnullBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCnullBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCnullBackendFactory);
 
@@ -197,14 +195,13 @@ static ALCboolean ALCnullBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCnullBackendFactory* UNUS
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCnullBackendFactory_probe(ALCnullBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCnullBackendFactory_probe(ALCnullBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendAllDevicesList(nullDevice);
-            break;
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, nullDevice, nullDevice+sizeof(nullDevice));
             break;
     }
 }
diff --git a/Alc/backends/opensl.c b/Alc/backends/opensl.c
index 7b8fdb25..d8ae001b 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/opensl.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/opensl.c
@@ -22,38 +22,25 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <jni.h>
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "threads.h"
+#include "compat.h"
+
+#include "backends/base.h"
 
 #include <SLES/OpenSLES.h>
 #include <SLES/OpenSLES_Android.h>
+#include <SLES/OpenSLES_AndroidConfiguration.h>
 
 /* Helper macros */
 #define VCALL(obj, func)  ((*(obj))->func((obj), EXTRACT_VCALL_ARGS
 #define VCALL0(obj, func)  ((*(obj))->func((obj) EXTRACT_VCALL_ARGS
 
 
-typedef struct {
-    /* engine interfaces */
-    SLObjectItf engineObject;
-    SLEngineItf engine;
-
-    /* output mix interfaces */
-    SLObjectItf outputMix;
-
-    /* buffer queue player interfaces */
-    SLObjectItf bufferQueueObject;
-
-    void *buffer;
-    ALuint bufferSize;
-    ALuint curBuffer;
-
-    ALuint frameSize;
-} osl_data;
-
-
 static const ALCchar opensl_device[] = "OpenSL";
 
 
@@ -79,10 +66,31 @@ static SLuint32 GetChannelMask(enum DevFmtChannels chans)
                                SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER|SL_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY|
                                SL_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT|SL_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT|
                                SL_SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT|SL_SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT;
-        case DevFmtBFormat3D: break;
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
+            break;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX
+static SLuint32 GetTypeRepresentation(enum DevFmtType type)
+{
+    switch(type)
+    {
+        case DevFmtUByte:
+        case DevFmtUShort:
+        case DevFmtUInt:
+            return SL_PCM_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED_INT;
+        case DevFmtByte:
+        case DevFmtShort:
+        case DevFmtInt:
+            return SL_PCM_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED_INT;
+        case DevFmtFloat:
+            return SL_PCM_REPRESENTATION_FLOAT;
     }
     return 0;
 }
+#endif
 
 static const char *res_str(SLresult result)
 {
@@ -123,311 +131,940 @@ static const char *res_str(SLresult result)
         ERR("%s: %s\n", (s), res_str((x)));                                      \
 } while(0)
 
+
+typedef struct ALCopenslPlayback {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
+
+    /* engine interfaces */
+    SLObjectItf mEngineObj;
+    SLEngineItf mEngine;
+
+    /* output mix interfaces */
+    SLObjectItf mOutputMix;
+
+    /* buffer queue player interfaces */
+    SLObjectItf mBufferQueueObj;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *mRing;
+    alsem_t mSem;
+
+    ALsizei mFrameSize;
+
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) mKillNow;
+    althrd_t mThread;
+} ALCopenslPlayback;
+
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_process(SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bq, void *context);
+static int ALCopenslPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg);
+
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_Construct(ALCopenslPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_Destruct(ALCopenslPlayback *self);
+static ALCenum ALCopenslPlayback_open(ALCopenslPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslPlayback_reset(ALCopenslPlayback *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslPlayback_start(ALCopenslPlayback *self);
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_stop(ALCopenslPlayback *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCopenslPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCopenslPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
+static ClockLatency ALCopenslPlayback_getClockLatency(ALCopenslPlayback *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCopenslPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCopenslPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCopenslPlayback)
+
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCopenslPlayback);
+
+
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_Construct(ALCopenslPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCopenslPlayback, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->mEngineObj = NULL;
+    self->mEngine = NULL;
+    self->mOutputMix = NULL;
+    self->mBufferQueueObj = NULL;
+
+    self->mRing = NULL;
+    alsem_init(&self->mSem, 0);
+
+    self->mFrameSize = 0;
+
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->mKillNow, AL_FALSE);
+}
+
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_Destruct(ALCopenslPlayback* self)
+{
+    if(self->mBufferQueueObj != NULL)
+        VCALL0(self->mBufferQueueObj,Destroy)();
+    self->mBufferQueueObj = NULL;
+
+    if(self->mOutputMix)
+        VCALL0(self->mOutputMix,Destroy)();
+    self->mOutputMix = NULL;
+
+    if(self->mEngineObj)
+        VCALL0(self->mEngineObj,Destroy)();
+    self->mEngineObj = NULL;
+    self->mEngine = NULL;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->mRing);
+    self->mRing = NULL;
+
+    alsem_destroy(&self->mSem);
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
+
+
 /* this callback handler is called every time a buffer finishes playing */
-static void opensl_callback(SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bq, void *context)
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_process(SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf UNUSED(bq), void *context)
+{
+    ALCopenslPlayback *self = context;
+
+    /* A note on the ringbuffer usage: The buffer queue seems to hold on to the
+     * pointer passed to the Enqueue method, rather than copying the audio.
+     * Consequently, the ringbuffer contains the audio that is currently queued
+     * and waiting to play. This process() callback is called when a buffer is
+     * finished, so we simply move the read pointer up to indicate the space is
+     * available for writing again, and wake up the mixer thread to mix and
+     * queue more audio.
+     */
+    ll_ringbuffer_read_advance(self->mRing, 1);
+
+    alsem_post(&self->mSem);
+}
+
+
+static int ALCopenslPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
 {
-    ALCdevice *Device = context;
-    osl_data *data = Device->ExtraData;
-    ALvoid *buf;
+    ALCopenslPlayback *self = arg;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+    SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bufferQueue;
+    ll_ringbuffer_data_t data[2];
+    SLPlayItf player;
     SLresult result;
 
-    buf = (ALbyte*)data->buffer + data->curBuffer*data->bufferSize;
-    aluMixData(Device, buf, data->bufferSize/data->frameSize);
+    SetRTPriority();
+    althrd_setname(althrd_current(), MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
 
-    result = VCALL(bq,Enqueue)(buf, data->bufferSize);
-    PRINTERR(result, "bq->Enqueue");
+    result = VCALL(self->mBufferQueueObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE,
+                                                       &bufferQueue);
+    PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE");
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL(self->mBufferQueueObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_PLAY, &player);
+        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface SL_IID_PLAY");
+    }
 
-    data->curBuffer = (data->curBuffer+1) % Device->NumUpdates;
+    ALCopenslPlayback_lock(self);
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
+        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to get playback buffer: 0x%08x", result);
+
+    while(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result &&
+          !ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->mKillNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
+    {
+        size_t todo;
+
+        if(ll_ringbuffer_write_space(self->mRing) == 0)
+        {
+            SLuint32 state = 0;
+
+            result = VCALL(player,GetPlayState)(&state);
+            PRINTERR(result, "player->GetPlayState");
+            if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result && state != SL_PLAYSTATE_PLAYING)
+            {
+                result = VCALL(player,SetPlayState)(SL_PLAYSTATE_PLAYING);
+                PRINTERR(result, "player->SetPlayState");
+            }
+            if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
+            {
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to start platback: 0x%08x", result);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if(ll_ringbuffer_write_space(self->mRing) == 0)
+            {
+                ALCopenslPlayback_unlock(self);
+                alsem_wait(&self->mSem);
+                ALCopenslPlayback_lock(self);
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        ll_ringbuffer_get_write_vector(self->mRing, data);
+
+        aluMixData(device, data[0].buf, data[0].len*device->UpdateSize);
+        if(data[1].len > 0)
+            aluMixData(device, data[1].buf, data[1].len*device->UpdateSize);
+
+        todo = data[0].len+data[1].len;
+        ll_ringbuffer_write_advance(self->mRing, todo);
+
+        for(size_t i = 0;i < todo;i++)
+        {
+            if(!data[0].len)
+            {
+                data[0] = data[1];
+                data[1].buf = NULL;
+                data[1].len = 0;
+            }
+
+            result = VCALL(bufferQueue,Enqueue)(data[0].buf, device->UpdateSize*self->mFrameSize);
+            PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Enqueue");
+            if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
+            {
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to queue audio: 0x%08x", result);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            data[0].len--;
+            data[0].buf += device->UpdateSize*self->mFrameSize;
+        }
+    }
+    ALCopenslPlayback_unlock(self);
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
 
-static ALCenum opensl_open_playback(ALCdevice *Device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
+static ALCenum ALCopenslPlayback_open(ALCopenslPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name)
 {
-    osl_data *data = NULL;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     SLresult result;
 
-    if(!deviceName)
-        deviceName = opensl_device;
-    else if(strcmp(deviceName, opensl_device) != 0)
+    if(!name)
+        name = opensl_device;
+    else if(strcmp(name, opensl_device) != 0)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 
-    data = calloc(1, sizeof(*data));
-    if(!data)
-        return ALC_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
-
     // create engine
-    result = slCreateEngine(&data->engineObject, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+    result = slCreateEngine(&self->mEngineObj, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
     PRINTERR(result, "slCreateEngine");
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(data->engineObject,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
+        result = VCALL(self->mEngineObj,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
         PRINTERR(result, "engine->Realize");
     }
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(data->engineObject,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ENGINE, &data->engine);
+        result = VCALL(self->mEngineObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ENGINE, &self->mEngine);
         PRINTERR(result, "engine->GetInterface");
     }
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(data->engine,CreateOutputMix)(&data->outputMix, 0, NULL, NULL);
+        result = VCALL(self->mEngine,CreateOutputMix)(&self->mOutputMix, 0, NULL, NULL);
         PRINTERR(result, "engine->CreateOutputMix");
     }
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(data->outputMix,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
+        result = VCALL(self->mOutputMix,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
         PRINTERR(result, "outputMix->Realize");
     }
 
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
     {
-        if(data->outputMix != NULL)
-            VCALL0(data->outputMix,Destroy)();
-        data->outputMix = NULL;
+        if(self->mOutputMix != NULL)
+            VCALL0(self->mOutputMix,Destroy)();
+        self->mOutputMix = NULL;
 
-        if(data->engineObject != NULL)
-            VCALL0(data->engineObject,Destroy)();
-        data->engineObject = NULL;
-        data->engine = NULL;
+        if(self->mEngineObj != NULL)
+            VCALL0(self->mEngineObj,Destroy)();
+        self->mEngineObj = NULL;
+        self->mEngine = NULL;
 
-        free(data);
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&Device->DeviceName, deviceName);
-    Device->ExtraData = data;
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-
-static void opensl_close_playback(ALCdevice *Device)
-{
-    osl_data *data = Device->ExtraData;
-
-    if(data->bufferQueueObject != NULL)
-        VCALL0(data->bufferQueueObject,Destroy)();
-    data->bufferQueueObject = NULL;
-
-    VCALL0(data->outputMix,Destroy)();
-    data->outputMix = NULL;
-
-    VCALL0(data->engineObject,Destroy)();
-    data->engineObject = NULL;
-    data->engine = NULL;
-
-    free(data);
-    Device->ExtraData = NULL;
-}
-
-static ALCboolean opensl_reset_playback(ALCdevice *Device)
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslPlayback_reset(ALCopenslPlayback *self)
 {
-    osl_data *data = Device->ExtraData;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     SLDataLocator_AndroidSimpleBufferQueue loc_bufq;
     SLDataLocator_OutputMix loc_outmix;
-    SLDataFormat_PCM format_pcm;
     SLDataSource audioSrc;
     SLDataSink audioSnk;
-    SLInterfaceID id;
-    SLboolean req;
+    ALuint sampleRate;
+    SLInterfaceID ids[2];
+    SLboolean reqs[2];
     SLresult result;
 
+    if(self->mBufferQueueObj != NULL)
+        VCALL0(self->mBufferQueueObj,Destroy)();
+    self->mBufferQueueObj = NULL;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->mRing);
+    self->mRing = NULL;
 
-    Device->UpdateSize = (ALuint64)Device->UpdateSize * 44100 / Device->Frequency;
-    Device->UpdateSize = Device->UpdateSize * Device->NumUpdates / 2;
-    Device->NumUpdates = 2;
+    sampleRate = device->Frequency;
+#if 0
+    if(!(device->Flags&DEVICE_FREQUENCY_REQUEST))
+    {
+        /* FIXME: Disabled until I figure out how to get the Context needed for
+         * the getSystemService call.
+         */
+        JNIEnv *env = Android_GetJNIEnv();
+        jobject jctx = Android_GetContext();
+
+        /* Get necessary stuff for using java.lang.Integer,
+         * android.content.Context, and android.media.AudioManager.
+         */
+        jclass int_cls = JCALL(env,FindClass)("java/lang/Integer");
+        jmethodID int_parseint = JCALL(env,GetStaticMethodID)(int_cls,
+            "parseInt", "(Ljava/lang/String;)I"
+        );
+        TRACE("Integer: %p, parseInt: %p\n", int_cls, int_parseint);
+
+        jclass ctx_cls = JCALL(env,FindClass)("android/content/Context");
+        jfieldID ctx_audsvc = JCALL(env,GetStaticFieldID)(ctx_cls,
+            "AUDIO_SERVICE", "Ljava/lang/String;"
+        );
+        jmethodID ctx_getSysSvc = JCALL(env,GetMethodID)(ctx_cls,
+            "getSystemService", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Object;"
+        );
+        TRACE("Context: %p, AUDIO_SERVICE: %p, getSystemService: %p\n",
+              ctx_cls, ctx_audsvc, ctx_getSysSvc);
+
+        jclass audmgr_cls = JCALL(env,FindClass)("android/media/AudioManager");
+        jfieldID audmgr_prop_out_srate = JCALL(env,GetStaticFieldID)(audmgr_cls,
+            "PROPERTY_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE", "Ljava/lang/String;"
+        );
+        jmethodID audmgr_getproperty = JCALL(env,GetMethodID)(audmgr_cls,
+            "getProperty", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"
+        );
+        TRACE("AudioManager: %p, PROPERTY_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE: %p, getProperty: %p\n",
+              audmgr_cls, audmgr_prop_out_srate, audmgr_getproperty);
+
+        const char *strchars;
+        jstring strobj;
+
+        /* Now make the calls. */
+        //AudioManager audMgr = (AudioManager)getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
+        strobj = JCALL(env,GetStaticObjectField)(ctx_cls, ctx_audsvc);
+        jobject audMgr = JCALL(env,CallObjectMethod)(jctx, ctx_getSysSvc, strobj);
+        strchars = JCALL(env,GetStringUTFChars)(strobj, NULL);
+        TRACE("Context.getSystemService(%s) = %p\n", strchars, audMgr);
+        JCALL(env,ReleaseStringUTFChars)(strobj, strchars);
+
+        //String srateStr = audMgr.getProperty(AudioManager.PROPERTY_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE);
+        strobj = JCALL(env,GetStaticObjectField)(audmgr_cls, audmgr_prop_out_srate);
+        jstring srateStr = JCALL(env,CallObjectMethod)(audMgr, audmgr_getproperty, strobj);
+        strchars = JCALL(env,GetStringUTFChars)(strobj, NULL);
+        TRACE("audMgr.getProperty(%s) = %p\n", strchars, srateStr);
+        JCALL(env,ReleaseStringUTFChars)(strobj, strchars);
+
+        //int sampleRate = Integer.parseInt(srateStr);
+        sampleRate = JCALL(env,CallStaticIntMethod)(int_cls, int_parseint, srateStr);
+
+        strchars = JCALL(env,GetStringUTFChars)(srateStr, NULL);
+        TRACE("Got system sample rate %uhz (%s)\n", sampleRate, strchars);
+        JCALL(env,ReleaseStringUTFChars)(srateStr, strchars);
+
+        if(!sampleRate) sampleRate = device->Frequency;
+        else sampleRate = maxu(sampleRate, MIN_OUTPUT_RATE);
+    }
+#endif
 
-    Device->Frequency = 44100;
-    Device->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
-    Device->FmtType = DevFmtShort;
+    if(sampleRate != device->Frequency)
+    {
+        device->NumUpdates = (device->NumUpdates*sampleRate + (device->Frequency>>1)) /
+                             device->Frequency;
+        device->NumUpdates = maxu(device->NumUpdates, 2);
+        device->Frequency = sampleRate;
+    }
 
-    SetDefaultWFXChannelOrder(Device);
+    device->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
+    device->FmtType = DevFmtShort;
 
+    SetDefaultWFXChannelOrder(device);
+    self->mFrameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
-    id  = SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE;
-    req = SL_BOOLEAN_TRUE;
 
     loc_bufq.locatorType = SL_DATALOCATOR_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE;
-    loc_bufq.numBuffers = Device->NumUpdates;
-
+    loc_bufq.numBuffers = device->NumUpdates;
+
+#ifdef SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX
+    SLDataFormat_PCM_EX format_pcm;
+    format_pcm.formatType = SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX;
+    format_pcm.numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
+    format_pcm.sampleRate = device->Frequency * 1000;
+    format_pcm.bitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
+    format_pcm.containerSize = format_pcm.bitsPerSample;
+    format_pcm.channelMask = GetChannelMask(device->FmtChans);
+    format_pcm.endianness = IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN ? SL_BYTEORDER_LITTLEENDIAN :
+                                               SL_BYTEORDER_BIGENDIAN;
+    format_pcm.representation = GetTypeRepresentation(device->FmtType);
+#else
+    SLDataFormat_PCM format_pcm;
     format_pcm.formatType = SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM;
-    format_pcm.numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(Device->FmtChans);
-    format_pcm.samplesPerSec = Device->Frequency * 1000;
-    format_pcm.bitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(Device->FmtType) * 8;
+    format_pcm.numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
+    format_pcm.samplesPerSec = device->Frequency * 1000;
+    format_pcm.bitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
     format_pcm.containerSize = format_pcm.bitsPerSample;
-    format_pcm.channelMask = GetChannelMask(Device->FmtChans);
+    format_pcm.channelMask = GetChannelMask(device->FmtChans);
     format_pcm.endianness = IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN ? SL_BYTEORDER_LITTLEENDIAN :
                                                SL_BYTEORDER_BIGENDIAN;
+#endif
 
     audioSrc.pLocator = &loc_bufq;
     audioSrc.pFormat = &format_pcm;
 
     loc_outmix.locatorType = SL_DATALOCATOR_OUTPUTMIX;
-    loc_outmix.outputMix = data->outputMix;
+    loc_outmix.outputMix = self->mOutputMix;
     audioSnk.pLocator = &loc_outmix;
     audioSnk.pFormat = NULL;
 
 
-    if(data->bufferQueueObject != NULL)
-        VCALL0(data->bufferQueueObject,Destroy)();
-    data->bufferQueueObject = NULL;
+    ids[0]  = SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE;
+    reqs[0] = SL_BOOLEAN_TRUE;
+    ids[1]  = SL_IID_ANDROIDCONFIGURATION;
+    reqs[1] = SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE;
 
-    result = VCALL(data->engine,CreateAudioPlayer)(&data->bufferQueueObject, &audioSrc, &audioSnk, 1, &id, &req);
+    result = VCALL(self->mEngine,CreateAudioPlayer)(&self->mBufferQueueObj,
+        &audioSrc, &audioSnk, COUNTOF(ids), ids, reqs
+    );
     PRINTERR(result, "engine->CreateAudioPlayer");
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(data->bufferQueueObject,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
+        /* Set the stream type to "media" (games, music, etc), if possible. */
+        SLAndroidConfigurationItf config;
+        result = VCALL(self->mBufferQueueObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ANDROIDCONFIGURATION, &config);
+        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface SL_IID_ANDROIDCONFIGURATION");
+        if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+        {
+            SLint32 streamType = SL_ANDROID_STREAM_MEDIA;
+            result = VCALL(config,SetConfiguration)(SL_ANDROID_KEY_STREAM_TYPE,
+                &streamType, sizeof(streamType)
+            );
+            PRINTERR(result, "config->SetConfiguration");
+        }
+
+        /* Clear any error since this was optional. */
+        result = SL_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL(self->mBufferQueueObj,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
         PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Realize");
     }
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        self->mRing = ll_ringbuffer_create(device->NumUpdates,
+            self->mFrameSize*device->UpdateSize, true
+        );
+        if(!self->mRing)
+        {
+            ERR("Out of memory allocating ring buffer %ux%u %u\n", device->UpdateSize,
+                device->NumUpdates, self->mFrameSize);
+            result = SL_RESULT_MEMORY_FAILURE;
+        }
+    }
 
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
     {
-        if(data->bufferQueueObject != NULL)
-            VCALL0(data->bufferQueueObject,Destroy)();
-        data->bufferQueueObject = NULL;
+        if(self->mBufferQueueObj != NULL)
+            VCALL0(self->mBufferQueueObj,Destroy)();
+        self->mBufferQueueObj = NULL;
+
+        return ALC_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return ALC_TRUE;
+}
+
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslPlayback_start(ALCopenslPlayback *self)
+{
+    SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bufferQueue;
+    SLresult result;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_reset(self->mRing);
+
+    result = VCALL(self->mBufferQueueObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE,
+                                                       &bufferQueue);
+    PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface");
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
+        return ALC_FALSE;
+
+    result = VCALL(bufferQueue,RegisterCallback)(ALCopenslPlayback_process, self);
+    PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->RegisterCallback");
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
+        return ALC_FALSE;
 
+    ATOMIC_STORE_SEQ(&self->mKillNow, AL_FALSE);
+    if(althrd_create(&self->mThread, ALCopenslPlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
+    {
+        ERR("Failed to start mixer thread\n");
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static ALCboolean opensl_start_playback(ALCdevice *Device)
+
+static void ALCopenslPlayback_stop(ALCopenslPlayback *self)
 {
-    osl_data *data = Device->ExtraData;
     SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bufferQueue;
     SLPlayItf player;
     SLresult result;
-    ALuint i;
+    int res;
+
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE_SEQ(&self->mKillNow, AL_TRUE))
+        return;
+
+    alsem_post(&self->mSem);
+    althrd_join(self->mThread, &res);
 
-    result = VCALL(data->bufferQueueObject,GetInterface)(SL_IID_BUFFERQUEUE, &bufferQueue);
+    result = VCALL(self->mBufferQueueObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_PLAY, &player);
     PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface");
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(bufferQueue,RegisterCallback)(opensl_callback, Device);
+        result = VCALL(player,SetPlayState)(SL_PLAYSTATE_STOPPED);
+        PRINTERR(result, "player->SetPlayState");
+    }
+
+    result = VCALL(self->mBufferQueueObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE,
+                                                       &bufferQueue);
+    PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface");
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL0(bufferQueue,Clear)();
+        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Clear");
+    }
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL(bufferQueue,RegisterCallback)(NULL, NULL);
         PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->RegisterCallback");
     }
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        data->frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(Device->FmtChans, Device->FmtType);
-        data->bufferSize = Device->UpdateSize * data->frameSize;
-        data->buffer = calloc(Device->NumUpdates, data->bufferSize);
-        if(!data->buffer)
-        {
-            result = SL_RESULT_MEMORY_FAILURE;
-            PRINTERR(result, "calloc");
-        }
+        SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueState state;
+        do {
+            althrd_yield();
+            result = VCALL(bufferQueue,GetState)(&state);
+        } while(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result && state.count > 0);
+        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetState");
+    }
+}
+
+static ClockLatency ALCopenslPlayback_getClockLatency(ALCopenslPlayback *self)
+{
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    ClockLatency ret;
+
+    ALCopenslPlayback_lock(self);
+    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(device);
+    ret.Latency = ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->mRing)*device->UpdateSize *
+                  DEVICE_CLOCK_RES / device->Frequency;
+    ALCopenslPlayback_unlock(self);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+typedef struct ALCopenslCapture {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
+
+    /* engine interfaces */
+    SLObjectItf mEngineObj;
+    SLEngineItf mEngine;
+
+    /* recording interfaces */
+    SLObjectItf mRecordObj;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *mRing;
+    ALCuint mSplOffset;
+
+    ALsizei mFrameSize;
+} ALCopenslCapture;
+
+static void ALCopenslCapture_process(SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bq, void *context);
+
+static void ALCopenslCapture_Construct(ALCopenslCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void ALCopenslCapture_Destruct(ALCopenslCapture *self);
+static ALCenum ALCopenslCapture_open(ALCopenslCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCopenslCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslCapture_start(ALCopenslCapture *self);
+static void ALCopenslCapture_stop(ALCopenslCapture *self);
+static ALCenum ALCopenslCapture_captureSamples(ALCopenslCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
+static ALCuint ALCopenslCapture_availableSamples(ALCopenslCapture *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCopenslCapture, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCopenslCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCopenslCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCopenslCapture)
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCopenslCapture);
+
+
+static void ALCopenslCapture_process(SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf UNUSED(bq), void *context)
+{
+    ALCopenslCapture *self = context;
+    /* A new chunk has been written into the ring buffer, advance it. */
+    ll_ringbuffer_write_advance(self->mRing, 1);
+}
+
+
+static void ALCopenslCapture_Construct(ALCopenslCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCopenslCapture, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->mEngineObj = NULL;
+    self->mEngine = NULL;
+
+    self->mRecordObj = NULL;
+
+    self->mRing = NULL;
+    self->mSplOffset = 0;
+
+    self->mFrameSize = 0;
+}
+
+static void ALCopenslCapture_Destruct(ALCopenslCapture *self)
+{
+    if(self->mRecordObj != NULL)
+        VCALL0(self->mRecordObj,Destroy)();
+    self->mRecordObj = NULL;
+
+    if(self->mEngineObj != NULL)
+        VCALL0(self->mEngineObj,Destroy)();
+    self->mEngineObj = NULL;
+    self->mEngine = NULL;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->mRing);
+    self->mRing = NULL;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
+
+static ALCenum ALCopenslCapture_open(ALCopenslCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
+{
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    SLDataLocator_AndroidSimpleBufferQueue loc_bq;
+    SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bufferQueue;
+    SLDataLocator_IODevice loc_dev;
+    SLDataSource audioSrc;
+    SLDataSink audioSnk;
+    SLresult result;
+
+    if(!name)
+        name = opensl_device;
+    else if(strcmp(name, opensl_device) != 0)
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+
+    result = slCreateEngine(&self->mEngineObj, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+    PRINTERR(result, "slCreateEngine");
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL(self->mEngineObj,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
+        PRINTERR(result, "engine->Realize");
     }
-    /* enqueue the first buffer to kick off the callbacks */
-    for(i = 0;i < Device->NumUpdates;i++)
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL(self->mEngineObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ENGINE, &self->mEngine);
+        PRINTERR(result, "engine->GetInterface");
+    }
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
+        /* Ensure the total length is at least 100ms */
+        ALsizei length = maxi(device->NumUpdates * device->UpdateSize,
+                              device->Frequency / 10);
+        /* Ensure the per-chunk length is at least 10ms, and no more than 50ms. */
+        ALsizei update_len = clampi(device->NumUpdates*device->UpdateSize / 3,
+                                    device->Frequency / 100,
+                                    device->Frequency / 100 * 5);
+
+        device->UpdateSize = update_len;
+        device->NumUpdates = (length+update_len-1) / update_len;
+
+        self->mFrameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
+    }
+    loc_dev.locatorType = SL_DATALOCATOR_IODEVICE;
+    loc_dev.deviceType = SL_IODEVICE_AUDIOINPUT;
+    loc_dev.deviceID = SL_DEFAULTDEVICEID_AUDIOINPUT;
+    loc_dev.device = NULL;
+
+    audioSrc.pLocator = &loc_dev;
+    audioSrc.pFormat = NULL;
+
+    loc_bq.locatorType = SL_DATALOCATOR_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE;
+    loc_bq.numBuffers = device->NumUpdates;
+
+#ifdef SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX
+    SLDataFormat_PCM_EX format_pcm;
+    format_pcm.formatType = SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX;
+    format_pcm.numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
+    format_pcm.sampleRate = device->Frequency * 1000;
+    format_pcm.bitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
+    format_pcm.containerSize = format_pcm.bitsPerSample;
+    format_pcm.channelMask = GetChannelMask(device->FmtChans);
+    format_pcm.endianness = IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN ? SL_BYTEORDER_LITTLEENDIAN :
+                                               SL_BYTEORDER_BIGENDIAN;
+    format_pcm.representation = GetTypeRepresentation(device->FmtType);
+#else
+    SLDataFormat_PCM format_pcm;
+    format_pcm.formatType = SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM;
+    format_pcm.numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
+    format_pcm.samplesPerSec = device->Frequency * 1000;
+    format_pcm.bitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
+    format_pcm.containerSize = format_pcm.bitsPerSample;
+    format_pcm.channelMask = GetChannelMask(device->FmtChans);
+    format_pcm.endianness = IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN ? SL_BYTEORDER_LITTLEENDIAN :
+                                               SL_BYTEORDER_BIGENDIAN;
+#endif
+
+    audioSnk.pLocator = &loc_bq;
+    audioSnk.pFormat = &format_pcm;
+
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        const SLInterfaceID ids[2] = { SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE, SL_IID_ANDROIDCONFIGURATION };
+        const SLboolean reqs[2] = { SL_BOOLEAN_TRUE, SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE };
+
+        result = VCALL(self->mEngine,CreateAudioRecorder)(&self->mRecordObj,
+            &audioSrc, &audioSnk, COUNTOF(ids), ids, reqs
+        );
+        PRINTERR(result, "engine->CreateAudioRecorder");
+    }
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        /* Set the record preset to "generic", if possible. */
+        SLAndroidConfigurationItf config;
+        result = VCALL(self->mRecordObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ANDROIDCONFIGURATION, &config);
+        PRINTERR(result, "recordObj->GetInterface SL_IID_ANDROIDCONFIGURATION");
         if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
         {
-            ALvoid *buf = (ALbyte*)data->buffer + i*data->bufferSize;
-            result = VCALL(bufferQueue,Enqueue)(buf, data->bufferSize);
-            PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Enqueue");
+            SLuint32 preset = SL_ANDROID_RECORDING_PRESET_GENERIC;
+            result = VCALL(config,SetConfiguration)(SL_ANDROID_KEY_RECORDING_PRESET,
+                &preset, sizeof(preset)
+            );
+            PRINTERR(result, "config->SetConfiguration");
         }
+
+        /* Clear any error since this was optional. */
+        result = SL_RESULT_SUCCESS;
     }
-    data->curBuffer = 0;
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(data->bufferQueueObject,GetInterface)(SL_IID_PLAY, &player);
-        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface");
+        result = VCALL(self->mRecordObj,Realize)(SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE);
+        PRINTERR(result, "recordObj->Realize");
     }
+
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(player,SetPlayState)(SL_PLAYSTATE_PLAYING);
-        PRINTERR(result, "player->SetPlayState");
+        self->mRing = ll_ringbuffer_create(device->NumUpdates,
+            device->UpdateSize*self->mFrameSize, false
+        );
+
+        result = VCALL(self->mRecordObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE,
+                                                      &bufferQueue);
+        PRINTERR(result, "recordObj->GetInterface");
+    }
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL(bufferQueue,RegisterCallback)(ALCopenslCapture_process, self);
+        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->RegisterCallback");
+    }
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        ALsizei chunk_size = device->UpdateSize * self->mFrameSize;
+        ll_ringbuffer_data_t data[2];
+        size_t i;
+
+        ll_ringbuffer_get_write_vector(self->mRing, data);
+        for(i = 0;i < data[0].len && SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result;i++)
+        {
+            result = VCALL(bufferQueue,Enqueue)(data[0].buf + chunk_size*i, chunk_size);
+            PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Enqueue");
+        }
+        for(i = 0;i < data[1].len && SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result;i++)
+        {
+            result = VCALL(bufferQueue,Enqueue)(data[1].buf + chunk_size*i, chunk_size);
+            PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Enqueue");
+        }
     }
 
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
     {
-        if(data->bufferQueueObject != NULL)
-            VCALL0(data->bufferQueueObject,Destroy)();
-        data->bufferQueueObject = NULL;
+        if(self->mRecordObj != NULL)
+            VCALL0(self->mRecordObj,Destroy)();
+        self->mRecordObj = NULL;
+
+        if(self->mEngineObj != NULL)
+            VCALL0(self->mEngineObj,Destroy)();
+        self->mEngineObj = NULL;
+        self->mEngine = NULL;
+
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+
+    return ALC_NO_ERROR;
+}
 
-        free(data->buffer);
-        data->buffer = NULL;
-        data->bufferSize = 0;
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslCapture_start(ALCopenslCapture *self)
+{
+    SLRecordItf record;
+    SLresult result;
 
+    result = VCALL(self->mRecordObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_RECORD, &record);
+    PRINTERR(result, "recordObj->GetInterface");
+
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+    {
+        result = VCALL(record,SetRecordState)(SL_RECORDSTATE_RECORDING);
+        PRINTERR(result, "record->SetRecordState");
+    }
+
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
+    {
+        ALCopenslCapture_lock(self);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice,
+                            "Failed to start capture: 0x%08x", result);
+        ALCopenslCapture_unlock(self);
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-
-static void opensl_stop_playback(ALCdevice *Device)
+static void ALCopenslCapture_stop(ALCopenslCapture *self)
 {
-    osl_data *data = Device->ExtraData;
-    SLPlayItf player;
-    SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bufferQueue;
+    SLRecordItf record;
     SLresult result;
 
-    result = VCALL(data->bufferQueueObject,GetInterface)(SL_IID_PLAY, &player);
-    PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface");
+    result = VCALL(self->mRecordObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_RECORD, &record);
+    PRINTERR(result, "recordObj->GetInterface");
+
     if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
     {
-        result = VCALL(player,SetPlayState)(SL_PLAYSTATE_STOPPED);
-        PRINTERR(result, "player->SetPlayState");
+        result = VCALL(record,SetRecordState)(SL_RECORDSTATE_PAUSED);
+        PRINTERR(result, "record->SetRecordState");
     }
+}
 
-    result = VCALL(data->bufferQueueObject,GetInterface)(SL_IID_BUFFERQUEUE, &bufferQueue);
-    PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetInterface");
-    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+static ALCenum ALCopenslCapture_captureSamples(ALCopenslCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
+{
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    ALsizei chunk_size = device->UpdateSize * self->mFrameSize;
+    SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf bufferQueue;
+    ll_ringbuffer_data_t data[2];
+    SLresult result;
+    ALCuint i;
+
+    result = VCALL(self->mRecordObj,GetInterface)(SL_IID_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE,
+                                                  &bufferQueue);
+    PRINTERR(result, "recordObj->GetInterface");
+
+    /* Read the desired samples from the ring buffer then advance its read
+     * pointer.
+     */
+    ll_ringbuffer_get_read_vector(self->mRing, data);
+    for(i = 0;i < samples;)
     {
-        result = VCALL0(bufferQueue,Clear)();
-        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Clear");
+        ALCuint rem = minu(samples - i, device->UpdateSize - self->mSplOffset);
+        memcpy((ALCbyte*)buffer + i*self->mFrameSize,
+               data[0].buf + self->mSplOffset*self->mFrameSize,
+               rem * self->mFrameSize);
+
+        self->mSplOffset += rem;
+        if(self->mSplOffset == device->UpdateSize)
+        {
+            /* Finished a chunk, reset the offset and advance the read pointer. */
+            self->mSplOffset = 0;
+
+            ll_ringbuffer_read_advance(self->mRing, 1);
+            result = VCALL(bufferQueue,Enqueue)(data[0].buf, chunk_size);
+            PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->Enqueue");
+            if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result) break;
+
+            data[0].len--;
+            if(!data[0].len)
+                data[0] = data[1];
+            else
+                data[0].buf += chunk_size;
+        }
+
+        i += rem;
     }
-    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result)
+
+    if(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS != result)
     {
-        SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueState state;
-        do {
-            althrd_yield();
-            result = VCALL(bufferQueue,GetState)(&state);
-        } while(SL_RESULT_SUCCESS == result && state.count > 0);
-        PRINTERR(result, "bufferQueue->GetState");
+        ALCopenslCapture_lock(self);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to update capture buffer: 0x%08x", result);
+        ALCopenslCapture_unlock(self);
+        return ALC_INVALID_DEVICE;
     }
 
-    free(data->buffer);
-    data->buffer = NULL;
-    data->bufferSize = 0;
+    return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+static ALCuint ALCopenslCapture_availableSamples(ALCopenslCapture *self)
+{
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    return ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->mRing) * device->UpdateSize;
+}
 
-static const BackendFuncs opensl_funcs = {
-    opensl_open_playback,
-    opensl_close_playback,
-    opensl_reset_playback,
-    opensl_start_playback,
-    opensl_stop_playback,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL
-};
 
+typedef struct ALCopenslBackendFactory {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
+} ALCopenslBackendFactory;
+#define ALCOPENSLBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER { { GET_VTABLE2(ALCopenslBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory) } }
 
-ALCboolean alc_opensl_init(BackendFuncs *func_list)
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslBackendFactory_init(ALCopenslBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
-    *func_list = opensl_funcs;
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-void alc_opensl_deinit(void)
+static void ALCopenslBackendFactory_deinit(ALCopenslBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
+{
+}
+
+static ALCboolean ALCopenslBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCopenslBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
 {
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback || type == ALCbackend_Capture)
+        return ALC_TRUE;
+    return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-void alc_opensl_probe(enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCopenslBackendFactory_probe(ALCopenslBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendAllDevicesList(opensl_device);
-            break;
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, opensl_device, opensl_device+sizeof(opensl_device));
             break;
     }
 }
+
+static ALCbackend* ALCopenslBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCopenslBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type)
+{
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
+    {
+        ALCopenslPlayback *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCopenslPlayback)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Capture)
+    {
+        ALCopenslCapture *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCopenslCapture)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCopenslBackendFactory);
+
+
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCopenslBackendFactory_getFactory(void)
+{
+    static ALCopenslBackendFactory factory = ALCOPENSLBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER;
+    return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackendFactory, &factory);
+}
diff --git a/Alc/backends/oss.c b/Alc/backends/oss.c
index dce42e21..71faad25 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/oss.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/oss.c
@@ -22,10 +22,12 @@
 
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
 #include <memory.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <errno.h>
@@ -33,6 +35,8 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "alconfig.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
@@ -51,11 +55,176 @@
 #define SOUND_MIXER_WRITE MIXER_WRITE
 #endif
 
+#if defined(SOUND_VERSION) && (SOUND_VERSION < 0x040000)
+#define ALC_OSS_COMPAT
+#endif
+#ifndef SNDCTL_AUDIOINFO
+#define ALC_OSS_COMPAT
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * FreeBSD strongly discourages the use of specific devices,
+ * such as those returned in oss_audioinfo.devnode
+ */
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+#define ALC_OSS_DEVNODE_TRUC
+#endif
+
+struct oss_device {
+    const ALCchar *handle;
+    const char *path;
+    struct oss_device *next;
+};
+
+static struct oss_device oss_playback = {
+    "OSS Default",
+    "/dev/dsp",
+    NULL
+};
+
+static struct oss_device oss_capture = {
+    "OSS Default",
+    "/dev/dsp",
+    NULL
+};
+
+#ifdef ALC_OSS_COMPAT
+
+#define DSP_CAP_OUTPUT 0x00020000
+#define DSP_CAP_INPUT 0x00010000
+static void ALCossListPopulate(struct oss_device *UNUSED(devlist), int UNUSED(type_flag))
+{
+}
+
+#else
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRNLEN
+static size_t strnlen(const char *str, size_t maxlen)
+{
+    const char *end = memchr(str, 0, maxlen);
+    if(!end) return maxlen;
+    return end - str;
+}
+#endif
+
+static void ALCossListAppend(struct oss_device *list, const char *handle, size_t hlen, const char *path, size_t plen)
+{
+    struct oss_device *next;
+    struct oss_device *last;
+    size_t i;
+
+    /* skip the first item "OSS Default" */
+    last = list;
+    next = list->next;
+#ifdef ALC_OSS_DEVNODE_TRUC
+    for(i = 0;i < plen;i++)
+    {
+        if(path[i] == '.')
+        {
+            if(strncmp(path + i, handle + hlen + i - plen, plen - i) == 0)
+                hlen = hlen + i - plen;
+            plen = i;
+        }
+    }
+#else
+    (void)i;
+#endif
+    if(handle[0] == '\0')
+    {
+        handle = path;
+        hlen = plen;
+    }
+
+    while(next != NULL)
+    {
+        if(strncmp(next->path, path, plen) == 0)
+            return;
+        last = next;
+        next = next->next;
+    }
+
+    next = (struct oss_device*)malloc(sizeof(struct oss_device) + hlen + plen + 2);
+    next->handle = (char*)(next + 1);
+    next->path = next->handle + hlen + 1;
+    next->next = NULL;
+    last->next = next;
+
+    strncpy((char*)next->handle, handle, hlen);
+    ((char*)next->handle)[hlen] = '\0';
+    strncpy((char*)next->path, path, plen);
+    ((char*)next->path)[plen] = '\0';
 
-static const ALCchar oss_device[] = "OSS Default";
+    TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", next->handle, next->path);
+}
+
+static void ALCossListPopulate(struct oss_device *devlist, int type_flag)
+{
+    struct oss_sysinfo si;
+    struct oss_audioinfo ai;
+    int fd, i;
+
+    if((fd=open("/dev/mixer", O_RDONLY)) < 0)
+    {
+        TRACE("Could not open /dev/mixer: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        return;
+    }
+    if(ioctl(fd, SNDCTL_SYSINFO, &si) == -1)
+    {
+        TRACE("SNDCTL_SYSINFO failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        goto done;
+    }
+    for(i = 0;i < si.numaudios;i++)
+    {
+        const char *handle;
+        size_t len;
 
-static const char *oss_driver = "/dev/dsp";
-static const char *oss_capture = "/dev/dsp";
+        ai.dev = i;
+        if(ioctl(fd, SNDCTL_AUDIOINFO, &ai) == -1)
+        {
+            ERR("SNDCTL_AUDIOINFO (%d) failed: %s\n", i, strerror(errno));
+            continue;
+        }
+        if(ai.devnode[0] == '\0')
+            continue;
+
+        if(ai.handle[0] != '\0')
+        {
+            len = strnlen(ai.handle, sizeof(ai.handle));
+            handle = ai.handle;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            len = strnlen(ai.name, sizeof(ai.name));
+            handle = ai.name;
+        }
+        if((ai.caps&type_flag))
+            ALCossListAppend(devlist, handle, len, ai.devnode,
+                             strnlen(ai.devnode, sizeof(ai.devnode)));
+    }
+
+done:
+    close(fd);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static void ALCossListFree(struct oss_device *list)
+{
+    struct oss_device *cur;
+    if(list == NULL)
+        return;
+
+    /* skip the first item "OSS Default" */
+    cur = list->next;
+    list->next = NULL;
+
+    while(cur != NULL)
+    {
+        struct oss_device *next = cur->next;
+        free(cur);
+        cur = next;
+    }
+}
 
 static int log2i(ALCuint x)
 {
@@ -68,7 +237,6 @@ static int log2i(ALCuint x)
     return y;
 }
 
-
 typedef struct ALCplaybackOSS {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
 
@@ -77,22 +245,21 @@ typedef struct ALCplaybackOSS {
     ALubyte *mix_data;
     int data_size;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCplaybackOSS;
 
 static int ALCplaybackOSS_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 
 static void ALCplaybackOSS_Construct(ALCplaybackOSS *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
+static void ALCplaybackOSS_Destruct(ALCplaybackOSS *self);
 static ALCenum ALCplaybackOSS_open(ALCplaybackOSS *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCplaybackOSS_close(ALCplaybackOSS *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCplaybackOSS_reset(ALCplaybackOSS *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCplaybackOSS_start(ALCplaybackOSS *self);
 static void ALCplaybackOSS_stop(ALCplaybackOSS *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, ALCvoid*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCplaybackOSS)
@@ -103,42 +270,66 @@ static int ALCplaybackOSS_mixerProc(void *ptr)
 {
     ALCplaybackOSS *self = (ALCplaybackOSS*)ptr;
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    ALint frameSize;
+    struct timeval timeout;
+    ALubyte *write_ptr;
+    ALint frame_size;
+    ALint to_write;
     ssize_t wrote;
+    fd_set wfds;
+    int sret;
 
     SetRTPriority();
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
 
-    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    frame_size = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
-    while(!self->killNow && device->Connected)
+    ALCplaybackOSS_lock(self);
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
-        ALint len = self->data_size;
-        ALubyte *WritePtr = self->mix_data;
+        FD_ZERO(&wfds);
+        FD_SET(self->fd, &wfds);
+        timeout.tv_sec = 1;
+        timeout.tv_usec = 0;
+
+        ALCplaybackOSS_unlock(self);
+        sret = select(self->fd+1, NULL, &wfds, NULL, &timeout);
+        ALCplaybackOSS_lock(self);
+        if(sret < 0)
+        {
+            if(errno == EINTR)
+                continue;
+            ERR("select failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed waiting for playback buffer: %s", strerror(errno));
+            break;
+        }
+        else if(sret == 0)
+        {
+            WARN("select timeout\n");
+            continue;
+        }
 
-        aluMixData(device, WritePtr, len/frameSize);
-        while(len > 0 && !self->killNow)
+        write_ptr = self->mix_data;
+        to_write = self->data_size;
+        aluMixData(device, write_ptr, to_write/frame_size);
+        while(to_write > 0 && !ATOMIC_LOAD_SEQ(&self->killNow))
         {
-            wrote = write(self->fd, WritePtr, len);
+            wrote = write(self->fd, write_ptr, to_write);
             if(wrote < 0)
             {
-                if(errno != EAGAIN && errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EINTR)
-                {
-                    ERR("write failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-                    ALCplaybackOSS_lock(self);
-                    aluHandleDisconnect(device);
-                    ALCplaybackOSS_unlock(self);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                al_nssleep(1000000);
-                continue;
+                if(errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
+                    continue;
+                ERR("write failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed writing playback samples: %s",
+                                    strerror(errno));
+                break;
             }
 
-            len -= wrote;
-            WritePtr += wrote;
+            to_write -= wrote;
+            write_ptr += wrote;
         }
     }
+    ALCplaybackOSS_unlock(self);
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -148,37 +339,59 @@ static void ALCplaybackOSS_Construct(ALCplaybackOSS *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCplaybackOSS, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->fd = -1;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE);
+}
+
+static void ALCplaybackOSS_Destruct(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
+{
+    if(self->fd != -1)
+        close(self->fd);
+    self->fd = -1;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 static ALCenum ALCplaybackOSS_open(ALCplaybackOSS *self, const ALCchar *name)
 {
+    struct oss_device *dev = &oss_playback;
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
 
-    if(!name)
-        name = oss_device;
-    else if(strcmp(name, oss_device) != 0)
-        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
-
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    if(!name || strcmp(name, dev->handle) == 0)
+        name = dev->handle;
+    else
+    {
+        if(!dev->next)
+        {
+            ALCossListPopulate(&oss_playback, DSP_CAP_OUTPUT);
+            dev = &oss_playback;
+        }
+        while(dev != NULL)
+        {
+            if (strcmp(dev->handle, name) == 0)
+                break;
+            dev = dev->next;
+        }
+        if(dev == NULL)
+        {
+            WARN("Could not find \"%s\" in device list\n", name);
+            return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+        }
+    }
 
-    self->fd = open(oss_driver, O_WRONLY);
+    self->fd = open(dev->path, O_WRONLY);
     if(self->fd == -1)
     {
-        ERR("Could not open %s: %s\n", oss_driver, strerror(errno));
+        ERR("Could not open %s: %s\n", dev->path, strerror(errno));
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCplaybackOSS_close(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
-{
-    close(self->fd);
-    self->fd = -1;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCplaybackOSS_reset(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
@@ -212,18 +425,11 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackOSS_reset(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
     }
 
     periods = device->NumUpdates;
-    numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
-    frameSize = numChannels * BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType);
-
+    numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
     ossSpeed = device->Frequency;
-    log2FragmentSize = log2i(device->UpdateSize * frameSize);
-
-    /* according to the OSS spec, 16 bytes are the minimum */
-    if (log2FragmentSize < 4)
-        log2FragmentSize = 4;
-    /* Subtract one period since the temp mixing buffer counts as one. Still
-     * need at least two on the card, though. */
-    if(periods > 2) periods--;
+    frameSize = numChannels * BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType);
+    /* According to the OSS spec, 16 bytes (log2(16)) is the minimum. */
+    log2FragmentSize = maxi(log2i(device->UpdateSize*frameSize), 4);
     numFragmentsLogSize = (periods << 16) | log2FragmentSize;
 
 #define CHECKERR(func) if((func) < 0) {                                       \
@@ -245,7 +451,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackOSS_reset(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
     }
 #undef CHECKERR
 
-    if((int)ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans) != numChannels)
+    if((int)ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder) != numChannels)
     {
         ERR("Failed to set %s, got %d channels instead\n", DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans), numChannels);
         return ALC_FALSE;
@@ -261,7 +467,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackOSS_reset(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
 
     device->Frequency = ossSpeed;
     device->UpdateSize = info.fragsize / frameSize;
-    device->NumUpdates = info.fragments + 1;
+    device->NumUpdates = info.fragments;
 
     SetDefaultChannelOrder(device);
 
@@ -272,10 +478,12 @@ static ALCboolean ALCplaybackOSS_start(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
 
-    self->data_size = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    self->data_size = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(
+        device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder
+    );
     self->mix_data = calloc(1, self->data_size);
 
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE_SEQ(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCplaybackOSS_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
     {
         free(self->mix_data);
@@ -290,10 +498,8 @@ static void ALCplaybackOSS_stop(ALCplaybackOSS *self)
 {
     int res;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE_SEQ(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE))
         return;
-
-    self->killNow = 1;
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
     if(ioctl(self->fd, SNDCTL_DSP_RESET) != 0)
@@ -309,28 +515,23 @@ typedef struct ALCcaptureOSS {
 
     int fd;
 
-    ALubyte *read_data;
-    int data_size;
-
-    RingBuffer *ring;
-    int doCapture;
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *ring;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCcaptureOSS;
 
 static int ALCcaptureOSS_recordProc(void *ptr);
 
 static void ALCcaptureOSS_Construct(ALCcaptureOSS *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureOSS, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
+static void ALCcaptureOSS_Destruct(ALCcaptureOSS *self);
 static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_open(ALCcaptureOSS *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCcaptureOSS_close(ALCcaptureOSS *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureOSS, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
 static ALCboolean ALCcaptureOSS_start(ALCcaptureOSS *self);
 static void ALCcaptureOSS_stop(ALCcaptureOSS *self);
 static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_captureSamples(ALCcaptureOSS *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
 static ALCuint ALCcaptureOSS_availableSamples(ALCcaptureOSS *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureOSS, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureOSS, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureOSS, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCcaptureOSS, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCcaptureOSS)
@@ -341,32 +542,55 @@ static int ALCcaptureOSS_recordProc(void *ptr)
 {
     ALCcaptureOSS *self = (ALCcaptureOSS*)ptr;
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    int frameSize;
-    int amt;
+    struct timeval timeout;
+    int frame_size;
+    fd_set rfds;
+    ssize_t amt;
+    int sret;
 
     SetRTPriority();
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), RECORD_THREAD_NAME);
 
-    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    frame_size = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
-    while(!self->killNow)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD_SEQ(&self->killNow))
     {
-        amt = read(self->fd, self->read_data, self->data_size);
-        if(amt < 0)
+        ll_ringbuffer_data_t vec[2];
+
+        FD_ZERO(&rfds);
+        FD_SET(self->fd, &rfds);
+        timeout.tv_sec = 1;
+        timeout.tv_usec = 0;
+
+        sret = select(self->fd+1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
+        if(sret < 0)
         {
-            ERR("read failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-            ALCcaptureOSS_lock(self);
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
-            ALCcaptureOSS_unlock(self);
+            if(errno == EINTR)
+                continue;
+            ERR("select failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to check capture samples: %s", strerror(errno));
             break;
         }
-        if(amt == 0)
+        else if(sret == 0)
         {
-            al_nssleep(1000000);
+            WARN("select timeout\n");
             continue;
         }
-        if(self->doCapture)
-            WriteRingBuffer(self->ring, self->read_data, amt/frameSize);
+
+        ll_ringbuffer_get_write_vector(self->ring, vec);
+        if(vec[0].len > 0)
+        {
+            amt = read(self->fd, vec[0].buf, vec[0].len*frame_size);
+            if(amt < 0)
+            {
+                ERR("read failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+                ALCcaptureOSS_lock(self);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed reading capture samples: %s", strerror(errno));
+                ALCcaptureOSS_unlock(self);
+                break;
+            }
+            ll_ringbuffer_write_advance(self->ring, amt/frame_size);
+        }
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -377,11 +601,27 @@ static void ALCcaptureOSS_Construct(ALCcaptureOSS *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCcaptureOSS, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->fd = -1;
+    self->ring = NULL;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE);
+}
+
+static void ALCcaptureOSS_Destruct(ALCcaptureOSS *self)
+{
+    if(self->fd != -1)
+        close(self->fd);
+    self->fd = -1;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
+    self->ring = NULL;
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_open(ALCcaptureOSS *self, const ALCchar *name)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    struct oss_device *dev = &oss_capture;
     int numFragmentsLogSize;
     int log2FragmentSize;
     unsigned int periods;
@@ -392,15 +632,32 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_open(ALCcaptureOSS *self, const ALCchar *name)
     int ossSpeed;
     char *err;
 
-    if(!name)
-        name = oss_device;
-    else if(strcmp(name, oss_device) != 0)
-        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    if(!name || strcmp(name, dev->handle) == 0)
+        name = dev->handle;
+    else
+    {
+        if(!dev->next)
+        {
+            ALCossListPopulate(&oss_capture, DSP_CAP_INPUT);
+            dev = &oss_capture;
+        }
+        while(dev != NULL)
+        {
+            if (strcmp(dev->handle, name) == 0)
+                break;
+            dev = dev->next;
+        }
+        if(dev == NULL)
+        {
+            WARN("Could not find \"%s\" in device list\n", name);
+            return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+        }
+    }
 
-    self->fd = open(oss_capture, O_RDONLY);
+    self->fd = open(dev->path, O_RDONLY);
     if(self->fd == -1)
     {
-        ERR("Could not open %s: %s\n", oss_capture, strerror(errno));
+        ERR("Could not open %s: %s\n", dev->path, strerror(errno));
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
@@ -424,7 +681,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_open(ALCcaptureOSS *self, const ALCchar *name)
     }
 
     periods = 4;
-    numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
     frameSize = numChannels * BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType);
     ossSpeed = device->Frequency;
     log2FragmentSize = log2i(device->UpdateSize * device->NumUpdates *
@@ -454,7 +711,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_open(ALCcaptureOSS *self, const ALCchar *name)
     }
 #undef CHECKERR
 
-    if((int)ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans) != numChannels)
+    if((int)ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder) != numChannels)
     {
         ERR("Failed to set %s, got %d channels instead\n", DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans), numChannels);
         close(self->fd);
@@ -472,7 +729,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_open(ALCcaptureOSS *self, const ALCchar *name)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    self->ring = CreateRingBuffer(frameSize, device->UpdateSize * device->NumUpdates);
+    self->ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates, frameSize, false);
     if(!self->ring)
     {
         ERR("Ring buffer create failed\n");
@@ -481,60 +738,41 @@ static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_open(ALCcaptureOSS *self, const ALCchar *name)
         return ALC_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
     }
 
-    self->data_size = info.fragsize;
-    self->read_data = calloc(1, self->data_size);
-
-    self->killNow = 0;
-    if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCcaptureOSS_recordProc, self) != althrd_success)
-    {
-        device->ExtraData = NULL;
-        close(self->fd);
-        self->fd = -1;
-        return ALC_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
-    }
-
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCcaptureOSS_close(ALCcaptureOSS *self)
-{
-    int res;
-
-    self->killNow = 1;
-    althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
-
-    close(self->fd);
-    self->fd = -1;
-
-    DestroyRingBuffer(self->ring);
-    self->ring = NULL;
-
-    free(self->read_data);
-    self->read_data = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCcaptureOSS_start(ALCcaptureOSS *self)
 {
-    self->doCapture = 1;
+    ATOMIC_STORE_SEQ(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE);
+    if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCcaptureOSS_recordProc, self) != althrd_success)
+        return ALC_FALSE;
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
 static void ALCcaptureOSS_stop(ALCcaptureOSS *self)
 {
-    self->doCapture = 0;
+    int res;
+
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE_SEQ(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE))
+        return;
+
+    althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
+
+    if(ioctl(self->fd, SNDCTL_DSP_RESET) != 0)
+        ERR("Error resetting device: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 }
 
 static ALCenum ALCcaptureOSS_captureSamples(ALCcaptureOSS *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
 {
-    ReadRingBuffer(self->ring, buffer, samples);
+    ll_ringbuffer_read(self->ring, buffer, samples);
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
 static ALCuint ALCcaptureOSS_availableSamples(ALCcaptureOSS *self)
 {
-    return RingBufferSize(self->ring);
+    return ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->ring);
 }
 
 
@@ -546,9 +784,9 @@ typedef struct ALCossBackendFactory {
 ALCbackendFactory *ALCossBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 
 static ALCboolean ALCossBackendFactory_init(ALCossBackendFactory *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCossBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)
+static void ALCossBackendFactory_deinit(ALCossBackendFactory *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCossBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCossBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCossBackendFactory_probe(ALCossBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCossBackendFactory_probe(ALCossBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCossBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCossBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCossBackendFactory);
 
@@ -562,12 +800,19 @@ ALCbackendFactory *ALCossBackendFactory_getFactory(void)
 
 ALCboolean ALCossBackendFactory_init(ALCossBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
-    ConfigValueStr(NULL, "oss", "device", &oss_driver);
-    ConfigValueStr(NULL, "oss", "capture", &oss_capture);
+    ConfigValueStr(NULL, "oss", "device", &oss_playback.path);
+    ConfigValueStr(NULL, "oss", "capture", &oss_capture.path);
 
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
+void  ALCossBackendFactory_deinit(ALCossBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
+{
+    ALCossListFree(&oss_playback);
+    ALCossListFree(&oss_capture);
+}
+
+
 ALCboolean ALCossBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCossBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
 {
     if(type == ALCbackend_Playback || type == ALCbackend_Capture)
@@ -575,29 +820,31 @@ ALCboolean ALCossBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCossBackendFactory* UNUSED(self),
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-void ALCossBackendFactory_probe(ALCossBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+void ALCossBackendFactory_probe(ALCossBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
+    struct oss_device *cur = NULL;
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-        {
-#ifdef HAVE_STAT
-            struct stat buf;
-            if(stat(oss_driver, &buf) == 0)
-#endif
-                AppendAllDevicesList(oss_device);
-        }
-        break;
+            ALCossListFree(&oss_playback);
+            ALCossListPopulate(&oss_playback, DSP_CAP_OUTPUT);
+            cur = &oss_playback;
+            break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
-        {
+            ALCossListFree(&oss_capture);
+            ALCossListPopulate(&oss_capture, DSP_CAP_INPUT);
+            cur = &oss_capture;
+            break;
+    }
+    while(cur != NULL)
+    {
 #ifdef HAVE_STAT
-            struct stat buf;
-            if(stat(oss_capture, &buf) == 0)
+        struct stat buf;
+        if(stat(cur->path, &buf) == 0)
 #endif
-                AppendCaptureDeviceList(oss_device);
-        }
-        break;
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, cur->handle, cur->handle+strlen(cur->handle)+1);
+        cur = cur->next;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/Alc/backends/portaudio.c b/Alc/backends/portaudio.c
index f45833c6..6a6cfa31 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/portaudio.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/portaudio.c
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "alconfig.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
 #include "backends/base.h"
@@ -139,13 +141,12 @@ static int ALCportPlayback_WriteCallback(const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBu
 static void ALCportPlayback_Construct(ALCportPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static void ALCportPlayback_Destruct(ALCportPlayback *self);
 static ALCenum ALCportPlayback_open(ALCportPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCportPlayback_close(ALCportPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCportPlayback_reset(ALCportPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCportPlayback_start(ALCportPlayback *self);
 static void ALCportPlayback_stop(ALCportPlayback *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCportPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, ALCvoid*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportPlayback, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportPlayback, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCportPlayback)
@@ -163,8 +164,9 @@ static void ALCportPlayback_Construct(ALCportPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device)
 
 static void ALCportPlayback_Destruct(ALCportPlayback *self)
 {
-    if(self->stream)
-        Pa_CloseStream(self->stream);
+    PaError err = self->stream ? Pa_CloseStream(self->stream) : paNoError;
+    if(err != paNoError)
+        ERR("Error closing stream: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText(err));
     self->stream = NULL;
 
     ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
@@ -177,7 +179,9 @@ static int ALCportPlayback_WriteCallback(const void *UNUSED(inputBuffer), void *
 {
     ALCportPlayback *self = userData;
 
+    ALCportPlayback_lock(self);
     aluMixData(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice, outputBuffer, framesPerBuffer);
+    ALCportPlayback_unlock(self);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -243,20 +247,12 @@ retry_open:
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 
 }
 
-static void ALCportPlayback_close(ALCportPlayback *self)
-{
-    PaError err = Pa_CloseStream(self->stream);
-    if(err != paNoError)
-        ERR("Error closing stream: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText(err));
-    self->stream = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCportPlayback_reset(ALCportPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
@@ -334,13 +330,12 @@ static int ALCportCapture_ReadCallback(const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuff
 static void ALCportCapture_Construct(ALCportCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static void ALCportCapture_Destruct(ALCportCapture *self);
 static ALCenum ALCportCapture_open(ALCportCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCportCapture_close(ALCportCapture *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
 static ALCboolean ALCportCapture_start(ALCportCapture *self);
 static void ALCportCapture_stop(ALCportCapture *self);
 static ALCenum ALCportCapture_captureSamples(ALCportCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
 static ALCuint ALCportCapture_availableSamples(ALCportCapture *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportCapture, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportCapture, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCportCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCportCapture)
@@ -354,16 +349,17 @@ static void ALCportCapture_Construct(ALCportCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCportCapture, ALCbackend, self);
 
     self->stream = NULL;
+    self->ring = NULL;
 }
 
 static void ALCportCapture_Destruct(ALCportCapture *self)
 {
-    if(self->stream)
-        Pa_CloseStream(self->stream);
+    PaError err = self->stream ? Pa_CloseStream(self->stream) : paNoError;
+    if(err != paNoError)
+        ERR("Error closing stream: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText(err));
     self->stream = NULL;
 
-    if(self->ring)
-        ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
     self->ring = NULL;
 
     ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
@@ -397,9 +393,9 @@ static ALCenum ALCportCapture_open(ALCportCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
 
     samples = device->UpdateSize * device->NumUpdates;
     samples = maxu(samples, 100 * device->Frequency / 1000);
-    frame_size = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    frame_size = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
-    self->ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(samples, frame_size);
+    self->ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(samples, frame_size, false);
     if(self->ring == NULL) return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 
     self->params.device = -1;
@@ -431,7 +427,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCportCapture_open(ALCportCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
             ERR("%s samples not supported\n", DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType));
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
-    self->params.channelCount = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    self->params.channelCount = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
 
     err = Pa_OpenStream(&self->stream, &self->params, NULL,
         device->Frequency, paFramesPerBufferUnspecified, paNoFlag,
@@ -443,22 +439,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCportCapture_open(ALCportCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCportCapture_close(ALCportCapture *self)
-{
-    PaError err = Pa_CloseStream(self->stream);
-    if(err != paNoError)
-        ERR("Error closing stream: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText(err));
-    self->stream = NULL;
-
-    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
-    self->ring = NULL;
-}
-
 
 static ALCboolean ALCportCapture_start(ALCportCapture *self)
 {
@@ -499,9 +484,8 @@ typedef struct ALCportBackendFactory {
 static ALCboolean ALCportBackendFactory_init(ALCportBackendFactory *self);
 static void ALCportBackendFactory_deinit(ALCportBackendFactory *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCportBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCportBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCportBackendFactory_probe(ALCportBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCportBackendFactory_probe(ALCportBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCportBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCportBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
-
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCportBackendFactory);
 
 
@@ -533,15 +517,13 @@ static ALCboolean ALCportBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCportBackendFactory* UNUS
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCportBackendFactory_probe(ALCportBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCportBackendFactory_probe(ALCportBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendAllDevicesList(pa_device);
-            break;
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendCaptureDeviceList(pa_device);
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, pa_device, pa_device+sizeof(pa_device));
             break;
     }
 }
diff --git a/Alc/backends/pulseaudio.c b/Alc/backends/pulseaudio.c
index 9ad04a71..b34d7abc 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/pulseaudio.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/pulseaudio.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "alconfig.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
@@ -182,6 +183,8 @@ static ALCboolean pulse_load(void)
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
     if(!pa_handle)
     {
+        al_string missing_funcs = AL_STRING_INIT_STATIC();
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #define PALIB "libpulse-0.dll"
 #elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
@@ -191,12 +194,16 @@ static ALCboolean pulse_load(void)
 #endif
         pa_handle = LoadLib(PALIB);
         if(!pa_handle)
+        {
+            WARN("Failed to load %s\n", PALIB);
             return ALC_FALSE;
+        }
 
 #define LOAD_FUNC(x) do {                                                     \
     p##x = GetSymbol(pa_handle, #x);                                          \
     if(!(p##x)) {                                                             \
         ret = ALC_FALSE;                                                      \
+        alstr_append_cstr(&missing_funcs, "\n" #x);                           \
     }                                                                         \
 } while(0)
         LOAD_FUNC(pa_context_unref);
@@ -270,9 +277,11 @@ static ALCboolean pulse_load(void)
 
         if(ret == ALC_FALSE)
         {
+            WARN("Missing expected functions:%s\n", alstr_get_cstr(missing_funcs));
             CloseLib(pa_handle);
             pa_handle = NULL;
         }
+        alstr_reset(&missing_funcs);
     }
 #endif /* HAVE_DYNLOAD */
     return ret;
@@ -325,18 +334,20 @@ static void wait_for_operation(pa_operation *op, pa_threaded_mainloop *loop)
 static pa_context *connect_context(pa_threaded_mainloop *loop, ALboolean silent)
 {
     const char *name = "OpenAL Soft";
-    char path_name[PATH_MAX];
+    al_string binname = AL_STRING_INIT_STATIC();
     pa_context_state_t state;
     pa_context *context;
     int err;
 
-    if(pa_get_binary_name(path_name, sizeof(path_name)))
-        name = pa_path_get_filename(path_name);
+    GetProcBinary(NULL, &binname);
+    if(!alstr_empty(binname))
+        name = alstr_get_cstr(binname);
 
     context = pa_context_new(pa_threaded_mainloop_get_api(loop), name);
     if(!context)
     {
         ERR("pa_context_new() failed\n");
+        alstr_reset(&binname);
         return NULL;
     }
 
@@ -363,9 +374,10 @@ static pa_context *connect_context(pa_threaded_mainloop *loop, ALboolean silent)
         if(!silent)
             ERR("Context did not connect: %s\n", pa_strerror(err));
         pa_context_unref(context);
-        return NULL;
+        context = NULL;
     }
 
+    alstr_reset(&binname);
     return context;
 }
 
@@ -443,7 +455,7 @@ static void clear_devlist(vector_DevMap *list)
 #define DEINIT_STRS(i)  (AL_STRING_DEINIT((i)->name),AL_STRING_DEINIT((i)->device_name))
     VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, *list, DEINIT_STRS);
 #undef DEINIT_STRS
-    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0);
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -460,7 +472,7 @@ typedef struct ALCpulsePlayback {
     pa_stream *stream;
     pa_context *context;
 
-    volatile ALboolean killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCpulsePlayback;
 
@@ -483,13 +495,12 @@ static int ALCpulsePlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 static void ALCpulsePlayback_Construct(ALCpulsePlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static void ALCpulsePlayback_Destruct(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 static ALCenum ALCpulsePlayback_open(ALCpulsePlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCpulsePlayback_close(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_start(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 static void ALCpulsePlayback_stop(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCpulsePlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, ALCvoid*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCpulsePlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static ALint64 ALCpulsePlayback_getLatency(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
+static ClockLatency ALCpulsePlayback_getClockLatency(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 static void ALCpulsePlayback_lock(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 static void ALCpulsePlayback_unlock(ALCpulsePlayback *self);
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCpulsePlayback)
@@ -502,11 +513,20 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_Construct(ALCpulsePlayback *self, ALCdevice *device
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCpulsePlayback, ALCbackend, self);
 
+    self->loop = NULL;
     AL_STRING_INIT(self->device_name);
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
 }
 
 static void ALCpulsePlayback_Destruct(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
 {
+    if(self->loop)
+    {
+        pulse_close(self->loop, self->context, self->stream);
+        self->loop = NULL;
+        self->context = NULL;
+        self->stream = NULL;
+    }
     AL_STRING_DEINIT(self->device_name);
     ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
@@ -525,35 +545,35 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_deviceCallback(pa_context *UNUSED(context), const p
         return;
     }
 
-#define MATCH_INFO_NAME(iter) (al_string_cmp_cstr((iter)->device_name, info->name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_INFO_NAME(iter) (alstr_cmp_cstr((iter)->device_name, info->name) == 0)
     VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_INFO_NAME);
-    if(iter != VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices)) return;
+    if(iter != VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices)) return;
 #undef MATCH_INFO_NAME
 
     AL_STRING_INIT(entry.name);
     AL_STRING_INIT(entry.device_name);
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, info->name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, info->name);
 
     count = 0;
     while(1)
     {
-        al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.name, info->description);
+        alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.name, info->description);
         if(count != 0)
         {
             char str[64];
             snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d", count+1);
-            al_string_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
+            alstr_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
         }
 
-#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (al_string_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (alstr_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_ENTRY);
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices)) break;
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices)) break;
 #undef MATCH_ENTRY
         count++;
     }
 
-    TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", al_string_get_cstr(entry.name), al_string_get_cstr(entry.device_name));
+    TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", alstr_get_cstr(entry.name), alstr_get_cstr(entry.device_name));
 
     VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(PlaybackDevices, entry);
 }
@@ -618,6 +638,11 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_bufferAttrCallback(pa_stream *stream, void *pdata)
 
     self->attr = *pa_stream_get_buffer_attr(stream);
     TRACE("minreq=%d, tlength=%d, prebuf=%d\n", self->attr.minreq, self->attr.tlength, self->attr.prebuf);
+    /* FIXME: Update the device's UpdateSize (and/or NumUpdates) using the new
+     * buffer attributes? Changing UpdateSize will change the ALC_REFRESH
+     * property, which probably shouldn't change between device resets. But
+     * leaving it alone means ALC_REFRESH will be off.
+     */
 }
 
 static void ALCpulsePlayback_contextStateCallback(pa_context *context, void *pdata)
@@ -626,7 +651,7 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_contextStateCallback(pa_context *context, void *pda
     if(pa_context_get_state(context) == PA_CONTEXT_FAILED)
     {
         ERR("Received context failure!\n");
-        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice, "Playback state failure");
     }
     pa_threaded_mainloop_signal(self->loop, 0);
 }
@@ -637,7 +662,7 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_streamStateCallback(pa_stream *stream, void *pdata)
     if(pa_stream_get_state(stream) == PA_STREAM_FAILED)
     {
         ERR("Received stream failure!\n");
-        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice, "Playback stream failure");
     }
     pa_threaded_mainloop_signal(self->loop, 0);
 }
@@ -729,7 +754,7 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_sinkNameCallback(pa_context *UNUSED(context), const
         return;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, info->description);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, info->description);
 }
 
 
@@ -737,9 +762,9 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_streamMovedCallback(pa_stream *stream, void *pdata)
 {
     ALCpulsePlayback *self = pdata;
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(stream));
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(stream));
 
-    TRACE("Stream moved to %s\n", al_string_get_cstr(self->device_name));
+    TRACE("Stream moved to %s\n", alstr_get_cstr(self->device_name));
 }
 
 
@@ -751,6 +776,13 @@ static pa_stream *ALCpulsePlayback_connectStream(const char *device_name,
     pa_stream_state_t state;
     pa_stream *stream;
 
+    if(!device_name)
+    {
+        device_name = getenv("ALSOFT_PULSE_DEFAULT");
+        if(device_name && !device_name[0])
+            device_name = NULL;
+    }
+
     stream = pa_stream_new_with_proplist(context, "Playback Stream", spec, chanmap, prop_filter);
     if(!stream)
     {
@@ -789,7 +821,6 @@ static int ALCpulsePlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
     ALCpulsePlayback *self = ptr;
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     ALuint buffer_size;
-    ALint update_size;
     size_t frame_size;
     ssize_t len;
 
@@ -798,18 +829,35 @@ static int ALCpulsePlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
 
     pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
     frame_size = pa_frame_size(&self->spec);
-    update_size = device->UpdateSize * frame_size;
-
-    /* Sanitize buffer metrics, in case we actually have less than what we
-     * asked for. */
-    buffer_size = minu(update_size*device->NumUpdates, self->attr.tlength);
-    update_size = minu(update_size, buffer_size/2);
-    do {
-        len = pa_stream_writable_size(self->stream) - self->attr.tlength +
-              buffer_size;
-        if(len < update_size)
+
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
+    {
+        void *buf;
+        int ret;
+
+        len = pa_stream_writable_size(self->stream);
+        if(len < 0)
+        {
+            ERR("Failed to get writable size: %ld", (long)len);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to get writable size: %ld", (long)len);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /* Make sure we're going to write at least 2 'periods' (minreqs), in
+         * case the server increased it since starting playback. Also round up
+         * the number of writable periods if it's not an integer count.
+         */
+        buffer_size = maxu((self->attr.tlength + self->attr.minreq/2) / self->attr.minreq, 2) *
+                      self->attr.minreq;
+
+        /* NOTE: This assumes pa_stream_writable_size returns between 0 and
+         * tlength, else there will be more latency than intended.
+         */
+        len = mini(len - (ssize_t)self->attr.tlength, 0) + buffer_size;
+        if(len < (int32_t)self->attr.minreq)
         {
-            if(pa_stream_is_corked(self->stream) == 1)
+            if(pa_stream_is_corked(self->stream))
             {
                 pa_operation *o;
                 o = pa_stream_cork(self->stream, 0, NULL, NULL);
@@ -818,26 +866,17 @@ static int ALCpulsePlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
             pa_threaded_mainloop_wait(self->loop);
             continue;
         }
-        len -= len%update_size;
 
-        while(len > 0)
-        {
-            size_t newlen = len;
-            void *buf;
-            pa_free_cb_t free_func = NULL;
+        len -= len%self->attr.minreq;
+        len -= len%frame_size;
 
-            if(pa_stream_begin_write(self->stream, &buf, &newlen) < 0)
-            {
-                buf = pa_xmalloc(newlen);
-                free_func = pa_xfree;
-            }
+        buf = pa_xmalloc(len);
 
-            aluMixData(device, buf, newlen/frame_size);
+        aluMixData(device, buf, len/frame_size);
 
-            pa_stream_write(self->stream, buf, newlen, free_func, 0, PA_SEEK_RELATIVE);
-            len -= newlen;
-        }
-    } while(!self->killNow && device->Connected);
+        ret = pa_stream_write(self->stream, buf, len, pa_xfree, 0, PA_SEEK_RELATIVE);
+        if(ret != PA_OK) ERR("Failed to write to stream: %d, %s\n", ret, pa_strerror(ret));
+    }
     pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
 
     return 0;
@@ -858,12 +897,12 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulsePlayback_open(ALCpulsePlayback *self, const ALCchar *name
         if(VECTOR_SIZE(PlaybackDevices) == 0)
             ALCpulsePlayback_probeDevices();
 
-#define MATCH_NAME(iter) (al_string_cmp_cstr((iter)->name, name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(iter) (alstr_cmp_cstr((iter)->name, name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_NAME);
 #undef MATCH_NAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices))
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
-        pulse_name = al_string_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
+        pulse_name = alstr_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
         dev_name = iter->name;
     }
 
@@ -894,11 +933,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulsePlayback_open(ALCpulsePlayback *self, const ALCchar *name
     }
     pa_stream_set_moved_callback(self->stream, ALCpulsePlayback_streamMovedCallback, self);
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(self->stream));
-    if(al_string_empty(dev_name))
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(self->stream));
+    if(alstr_empty(dev_name))
     {
         pa_operation *o = pa_context_get_sink_info_by_name(
-            self->context, al_string_get_cstr(self->device_name),
+            self->context, alstr_get_cstr(self->device_name),
             ALCpulsePlayback_sinkNameCallback, self
         );
         wait_for_operation(o, self->loop);
@@ -906,7 +945,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulsePlayback_open(ALCpulsePlayback *self, const ALCchar *name
     else
     {
         ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
-        al_string_copy(&device->DeviceName, dev_name);
+        alstr_copy(&device->DeviceName, dev_name);
     }
 
     pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
@@ -914,16 +953,6 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulsePlayback_open(ALCpulsePlayback *self, const ALCchar *name
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCpulsePlayback_close(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
-{
-    pulse_close(self->loop, self->context, self->stream);
-    self->loop = NULL;
-    self->context = NULL;
-    self->stream = NULL;
-
-    al_string_clear(&self->device_name);
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
@@ -931,7 +960,6 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
     const char *mapname = NULL;
     pa_channel_map chanmap;
     pa_operation *o;
-    ALuint len;
 
     pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
 
@@ -946,11 +974,11 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
         self->stream = NULL;
     }
 
-    o = pa_context_get_sink_info_by_name(self->context, al_string_get_cstr(self->device_name),
+    o = pa_context_get_sink_info_by_name(self->context, alstr_get_cstr(self->device_name),
                                          ALCpulsePlayback_sinkInfoCallback, self);
     wait_for_operation(o, self->loop);
 
-    if(GetConfigValueBool(al_string_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "pulse", "fix-rate", 0) ||
+    if(GetConfigValueBool(alstr_get_cstr(device->DeviceName), "pulse", "fix-rate", 0) ||
        !(device->Flags&DEVICE_FREQUENCY_REQUEST))
         flags |= PA_STREAM_FIX_RATE;
     flags |= PA_STREAM_INTERPOLATE_TIMING | PA_STREAM_AUTO_TIMING_UPDATE;
@@ -984,7 +1012,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
             break;
     }
     self->spec.rate = device->Frequency;
-    self->spec.channels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    self->spec.channels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
 
     if(pa_sample_spec_valid(&self->spec) == 0)
     {
@@ -998,7 +1026,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
         case DevFmtMono:
             mapname = "mono";
             break;
-        case DevFmtBFormat3D:
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
             device->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
             /*fall-through*/
         case DevFmtStereo:
@@ -1034,9 +1062,9 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
     self->attr.tlength = self->attr.minreq * maxu(device->NumUpdates, 2);
     self->attr.maxlength = -1;
 
-    self->stream = ALCpulsePlayback_connectStream(al_string_get_cstr(self->device_name),
-                                                  self->loop, self->context, flags,
-                                                  &self->attr, &self->spec, &chanmap);
+    self->stream = ALCpulsePlayback_connectStream(alstr_get_cstr(self->device_name),
+        self->loop, self->context, flags, &self->attr, &self->spec, &chanmap
+    );
     if(!self->stream)
     {
         pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
@@ -1051,10 +1079,12 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
     {
         /* Server updated our playback rate, so modify the buffer attribs
          * accordingly. */
-        device->NumUpdates = (ALuint)((ALdouble)device->NumUpdates / device->Frequency *
-                                      self->spec.rate + 0.5);
+        device->NumUpdates = (ALuint)clampd(
+            (ALdouble)device->NumUpdates/device->Frequency*self->spec.rate + 0.5, 2.0, 16.0
+        );
+
         self->attr.minreq  = device->UpdateSize * pa_frame_size(&self->spec);
-        self->attr.tlength = self->attr.minreq * clampu(device->NumUpdates, 2, 16);
+        self->attr.tlength = self->attr.minreq * device->NumUpdates;
         self->attr.maxlength = -1;
         self->attr.prebuf  = 0;
 
@@ -1068,10 +1098,30 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
     pa_stream_set_buffer_attr_callback(self->stream, ALCpulsePlayback_bufferAttrCallback, self);
     ALCpulsePlayback_bufferAttrCallback(self->stream, self);
 
-    len = self->attr.minreq / pa_frame_size(&self->spec);
-    device->NumUpdates = (ALuint)((ALdouble)device->NumUpdates/len*device->UpdateSize + 0.5);
-    device->NumUpdates = clampu(device->NumUpdates, 2, 16);
-    device->UpdateSize = len;
+    device->NumUpdates = (ALuint)clampu64(
+        (self->attr.tlength + self->attr.minreq/2) / self->attr.minreq, 2, 16
+    );
+    device->UpdateSize = self->attr.minreq / pa_frame_size(&self->spec);
+
+    /* HACK: prebuf should be 0 as that's what we set it to. However on some
+     * systems it comes back as non-0, so we have to make sure the device will
+     * write enough audio to start playback. The lack of manual start control
+     * may have unintended consequences, but it's better than not starting at
+     * all.
+     */
+    if(self->attr.prebuf != 0)
+    {
+        ALuint len = self->attr.prebuf / pa_frame_size(&self->spec);
+        if(len <= device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates)
+            ERR("Non-0 prebuf, %u samples (%u bytes), device has %u samples\n",
+                len, self->attr.prebuf, device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates);
+        else
+        {
+            ERR("Large prebuf, %u samples (%u bytes), increasing device from %u samples",
+                len, self->attr.prebuf, device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates);
+            device->NumUpdates = (len+device->UpdateSize-1) / device->UpdateSize;
+        }
+    }
 
     pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
     return ALC_TRUE;
@@ -1079,7 +1129,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_reset(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
 
 static ALCboolean ALCpulsePlayback_start(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
 {
-    self->killNow = AL_FALSE;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCpulsePlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
         return ALC_FALSE;
     return ALC_TRUE;
@@ -1090,10 +1140,9 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_stop(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
     pa_operation *o;
     int res;
 
-    if(!self->stream || self->killNow)
+    if(!self->stream || ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
 
-    self->killNow = AL_TRUE;
     /* Signal the main loop in case PulseAudio isn't sending us audio requests
      * (e.g. if the device is suspended). We need to lock the mainloop in case
      * the mixer is between checking the killNow flag but before waiting for
@@ -1113,12 +1162,18 @@ static void ALCpulsePlayback_stop(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
 }
 
 
-static ALint64 ALCpulsePlayback_getLatency(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
+static ClockLatency ALCpulsePlayback_getClockLatency(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
 {
-    pa_usec_t latency = 0;
+    ClockLatency ret;
+    pa_usec_t latency;
     int neg, err;
 
-    if((err=pa_stream_get_latency(self->stream, &latency, &neg)) != 0)
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
+    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice);
+    err = pa_stream_get_latency(self->stream, &latency, &neg);
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
+
+    if(UNLIKELY(err != 0))
     {
         /* FIXME: if err = -PA_ERR_NODATA, it means we were called too soon
          * after starting the stream and no timing info has been received from
@@ -1126,11 +1181,14 @@ static ALint64 ALCpulsePlayback_getLatency(ALCpulsePlayback *self)
          * dummy value? Either way, it shouldn't be 0. */
         if(err != -PA_ERR_NODATA)
             ERR("Failed to get stream latency: 0x%x\n", err);
-        return 0;
+        latency = 0;
+        neg = 0;
     }
+    else if(UNLIKELY(neg))
+        latency = 0;
+    ret.Latency = (ALint64)minu64(latency, U64(0x7fffffffffffffff)/1000) * 1000;
 
-    if(neg) latency = 0;
-    return (ALint64)minu64(latency, U64(0x7fffffffffffffff)/1000) * 1000;
+    return ret;
 }
 
 
@@ -1180,13 +1238,12 @@ static pa_stream *ALCpulseCapture_connectStream(const char *device_name,
 static void ALCpulseCapture_Construct(ALCpulseCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static void ALCpulseCapture_Destruct(ALCpulseCapture *self);
 static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_open(ALCpulseCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCpulseCapture_close(ALCpulseCapture *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCpulseCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
 static ALCboolean ALCpulseCapture_start(ALCpulseCapture *self);
 static void ALCpulseCapture_stop(ALCpulseCapture *self);
 static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_captureSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
 static ALCuint ALCpulseCapture_availableSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self);
-static ALint64 ALCpulseCapture_getLatency(ALCpulseCapture *self);
+static ClockLatency ALCpulseCapture_getClockLatency(ALCpulseCapture *self);
 static void ALCpulseCapture_lock(ALCpulseCapture *self);
 static void ALCpulseCapture_unlock(ALCpulseCapture *self);
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCpulseCapture)
@@ -1199,11 +1256,19 @@ static void ALCpulseCapture_Construct(ALCpulseCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCpulseCapture, ALCbackend, self);
 
+    self->loop = NULL;
     AL_STRING_INIT(self->device_name);
 }
 
 static void ALCpulseCapture_Destruct(ALCpulseCapture *self)
 {
+    if(self->loop)
+    {
+        pulse_close(self->loop, self->context, self->stream);
+        self->loop = NULL;
+        self->context = NULL;
+        self->stream = NULL;
+    }
     AL_STRING_DEINIT(self->device_name);
     ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
@@ -1222,35 +1287,35 @@ static void ALCpulseCapture_deviceCallback(pa_context *UNUSED(context), const pa
         return;
     }
 
-#define MATCH_INFO_NAME(iter) (al_string_cmp_cstr((iter)->device_name, info->name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_INFO_NAME(iter) (alstr_cmp_cstr((iter)->device_name, info->name) == 0)
     VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureDevices, MATCH_INFO_NAME);
-    if(iter != VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices)) return;
+    if(iter != VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices)) return;
 #undef MATCH_INFO_NAME
 
     AL_STRING_INIT(entry.name);
     AL_STRING_INIT(entry.device_name);
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, info->name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.device_name, info->name);
 
     count = 0;
     while(1)
     {
-        al_string_copy_cstr(&entry.name, info->description);
+        alstr_copy_cstr(&entry.name, info->description);
         if(count != 0)
         {
             char str[64];
             snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d", count+1);
-            al_string_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
+            alstr_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
         }
 
-#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (al_string_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (alstr_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureDevices, MATCH_ENTRY);
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices)) break;
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices)) break;
 #undef MATCH_ENTRY
         count++;
     }
 
-    TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", al_string_get_cstr(entry.name), al_string_get_cstr(entry.device_name));
+    TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", alstr_get_cstr(entry.name), alstr_get_cstr(entry.device_name));
 
     VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(CaptureDevices, entry);
 }
@@ -1315,7 +1380,7 @@ static void ALCpulseCapture_contextStateCallback(pa_context *context, void *pdat
     if(pa_context_get_state(context) == PA_CONTEXT_FAILED)
     {
         ERR("Received context failure!\n");
-        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice, "Capture state failure");
     }
     pa_threaded_mainloop_signal(self->loop, 0);
 }
@@ -1326,7 +1391,7 @@ static void ALCpulseCapture_streamStateCallback(pa_stream *stream, void *pdata)
     if(pa_stream_get_state(stream) == PA_STREAM_FAILED)
     {
         ERR("Received stream failure!\n");
-        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice, "Capture stream failure");
     }
     pa_threaded_mainloop_signal(self->loop, 0);
 }
@@ -1343,7 +1408,7 @@ static void ALCpulseCapture_sourceNameCallback(pa_context *UNUSED(context), cons
         return;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, info->description);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, info->description);
 }
 
 
@@ -1351,9 +1416,9 @@ static void ALCpulseCapture_streamMovedCallback(pa_stream *stream, void *pdata)
 {
     ALCpulseCapture *self = pdata;
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(stream));
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(stream));
 
-    TRACE("Stream moved to %s\n", al_string_get_cstr(self->device_name));
+    TRACE("Stream moved to %s\n", alstr_get_cstr(self->device_name));
 }
 
 
@@ -1403,6 +1468,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_open(ALCpulseCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     const char *pulse_name = NULL;
     pa_stream_flags_t flags = 0;
+    const char *mapname = NULL;
     pa_channel_map chanmap;
     ALuint samples;
 
@@ -1413,13 +1479,13 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_open(ALCpulseCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
         if(VECTOR_SIZE(CaptureDevices) == 0)
             ALCpulseCapture_probeDevices();
 
-#define MATCH_NAME(iter) (al_string_cmp_cstr((iter)->name, name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(iter) (alstr_cmp_cstr((iter)->name, name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureDevices, MATCH_NAME);
 #undef MATCH_NAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices))
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
-        pulse_name = al_string_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
-        al_string_copy(&device->DeviceName, iter->name);
+        pulse_name = alstr_get_cstr(iter->device_name);
+        alstr_copy(&device->DeviceName, iter->name);
     }
 
     if(!pulse_open(&self->loop, &self->context, ALCpulseCapture_contextStateCallback, self))
@@ -1427,9 +1493,6 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_open(ALCpulseCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
 
     pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
 
-    self->spec.rate = device->Frequency;
-    self->spec.channels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
-
     switch(device->FmtType)
     {
         case DevFmtUByte:
@@ -1452,6 +1515,44 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_open(ALCpulseCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
             goto fail;
     }
 
+    switch(device->FmtChans)
+    {
+        case DevFmtMono:
+            mapname = "mono";
+            break;
+        case DevFmtStereo:
+            mapname = "front-left,front-right";
+            break;
+        case DevFmtQuad:
+            mapname = "front-left,front-right,rear-left,rear-right";
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX51:
+            mapname = "front-left,front-right,front-center,lfe,side-left,side-right";
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX51Rear:
+            mapname = "front-left,front-right,front-center,lfe,rear-left,rear-right";
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX61:
+            mapname = "front-left,front-right,front-center,lfe,rear-center,side-left,side-right";
+            break;
+        case DevFmtX71:
+            mapname = "front-left,front-right,front-center,lfe,rear-left,rear-right,side-left,side-right";
+            break;
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
+            ERR("%s capture samples not supported\n", DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans));
+            pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
+            goto fail;
+    }
+    if(!pa_channel_map_parse(&chanmap, mapname))
+    {
+        ERR("Failed to build channel map for %s\n", DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans));
+        pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
+        return ALC_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    self->spec.rate = device->Frequency;
+    self->spec.channels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
+
     if(pa_sample_spec_valid(&self->spec) == 0)
     {
         ERR("Invalid sample format\n");
@@ -1481,9 +1582,9 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_open(ALCpulseCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
         flags |= PA_STREAM_DONT_MOVE;
 
     TRACE("Connecting to \"%s\"\n", pulse_name ? pulse_name : "(default)");
-    self->stream = ALCpulseCapture_connectStream(pulse_name, self->loop, self->context,
-                                                 flags, &self->attr, &self->spec,
-                                                 &chanmap);
+    self->stream = ALCpulseCapture_connectStream(pulse_name,
+        self->loop, self->context, flags, &self->attr, &self->spec, &chanmap
+    );
     if(!self->stream)
     {
         pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
@@ -1492,11 +1593,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_open(ALCpulseCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
     pa_stream_set_moved_callback(self->stream, ALCpulseCapture_streamMovedCallback, self);
     pa_stream_set_state_callback(self->stream, ALCpulseCapture_streamStateCallback, self);
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(self->stream));
-    if(al_string_empty(device->DeviceName))
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&self->device_name, pa_stream_get_device_name(self->stream));
+    if(alstr_empty(device->DeviceName))
     {
         pa_operation *o = pa_context_get_source_info_by_name(
-            self->context, al_string_get_cstr(self->device_name),
+            self->context, alstr_get_cstr(self->device_name),
             ALCpulseCapture_sourceNameCallback, self
         );
         wait_for_operation(o, self->loop);
@@ -1514,30 +1615,23 @@ fail:
     return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 }
 
-static void ALCpulseCapture_close(ALCpulseCapture *self)
-{
-    pulse_close(self->loop, self->context, self->stream);
-    self->loop = NULL;
-    self->context = NULL;
-    self->stream = NULL;
-
-    al_string_clear(&self->device_name);
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCpulseCapture_start(ALCpulseCapture *self)
 {
     pa_operation *o;
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
     o = pa_stream_cork(self->stream, 0, stream_success_callback, self->loop);
     wait_for_operation(o, self->loop);
-
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
 static void ALCpulseCapture_stop(ALCpulseCapture *self)
 {
     pa_operation *o;
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
     o = pa_stream_cork(self->stream, 1, stream_success_callback, self->loop);
     wait_for_operation(o, self->loop);
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
 }
 
 static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_captureSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
@@ -1548,6 +1642,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_captureSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self, ALCvoid *bu
     /* Capture is done in fragment-sized chunks, so we loop until we get all
      * that's available */
     self->last_readable -= todo;
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
     while(todo > 0)
     {
         size_t rem = todo;
@@ -1559,14 +1654,15 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_captureSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self, ALCvoid *bu
             state = pa_stream_get_state(self->stream);
             if(!PA_STREAM_IS_GOOD(state))
             {
-                aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Bad capture state: %u", state);
                 break;
             }
             if(pa_stream_peek(self->stream, &self->cap_store, &self->cap_len) < 0)
             {
                 ERR("pa_stream_peek() failed: %s\n",
                     pa_strerror(pa_context_errno(self->context)));
-                aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed retrieving capture samples: %s",
+                                    pa_strerror(pa_context_errno(self->context)));
                 break;
             }
             self->cap_remain = self->cap_len;
@@ -1587,6 +1683,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCpulseCapture_captureSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self, ALCvoid *bu
             self->cap_len = 0;
         }
     }
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
     if(todo > 0)
         memset(buffer, ((device->FmtType==DevFmtUByte) ? 0x80 : 0), todo);
 
@@ -1598,16 +1695,19 @@ static ALCuint ALCpulseCapture_availableSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self)
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     size_t readable = self->cap_remain;
 
-    if(device->Connected)
+    if(ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
-        ssize_t got = pa_stream_readable_size(self->stream);
+        ssize_t got;
+        pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
+        got = pa_stream_readable_size(self->stream);
         if(got < 0)
         {
             ERR("pa_stream_readable_size() failed: %s\n", pa_strerror(got));
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed getting readable size: %s", pa_strerror(got));
         }
         else if((size_t)got > self->cap_len)
             readable += got - self->cap_len;
+        pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
     }
 
     if(self->last_readable < readable)
@@ -1616,19 +1716,28 @@ static ALCuint ALCpulseCapture_availableSamples(ALCpulseCapture *self)
 }
 
 
-static ALint64 ALCpulseCapture_getLatency(ALCpulseCapture *self)
+static ClockLatency ALCpulseCapture_getClockLatency(ALCpulseCapture *self)
 {
-    pa_usec_t latency = 0;
-    int neg;
+    ClockLatency ret;
+    pa_usec_t latency;
+    int neg, err;
+
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(self->loop);
+    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice);
+    err = pa_stream_get_latency(self->stream, &latency, &neg);
+    pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(self->loop);
 
-    if(pa_stream_get_latency(self->stream, &latency, &neg) != 0)
+    if(UNLIKELY(err != 0))
     {
-        ERR("Failed to get stream latency!\n");
-        return 0;
+        ERR("Failed to get stream latency: 0x%x\n", err);
+        latency = 0;
+        neg = 0;
     }
+    else if(UNLIKELY(neg))
+        latency = 0;
+    ret.Latency = (ALint64)minu64(latency, U64(0x7fffffffffffffff)/1000) * 1000;
 
-    if(neg) latency = 0;
-    return (ALint64)minu64(latency, U64(0x7fffffffffffffff)/1000) * 1000;
+    return ret;
 }
 
 
@@ -1651,9 +1760,8 @@ typedef struct ALCpulseBackendFactory {
 static ALCboolean ALCpulseBackendFactory_init(ALCpulseBackendFactory *self);
 static void ALCpulseBackendFactory_deinit(ALCpulseBackendFactory *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCpulseBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCpulseBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCpulseBackendFactory_probe(ALCpulseBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCpulseBackendFactory_probe(ALCpulseBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCpulseBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCpulseBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
-
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCpulseBackendFactory);
 
 
@@ -1726,23 +1834,25 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulseBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCpulseBackendFactory* UN
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCpulseBackendFactory_probe(ALCpulseBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCpulseBackendFactory_probe(ALCpulseBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
+#define APPEND_OUTNAME(e) do {                                                \
+    if(!alstr_empty((e)->name))                                               \
+        alstr_append_range(outnames, VECTOR_BEGIN((e)->name),                 \
+                           VECTOR_END((e)->name)+1);                          \
+} while(0)
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
             ALCpulsePlayback_probeDevices();
-#define APPEND_ALL_DEVICES_LIST(e)  AppendAllDevicesList(al_string_get_cstr((e)->name))
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, APPEND_ALL_DEVICES_LIST);
-#undef APPEND_ALL_DEVICES_LIST
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
             ALCpulseCapture_probeDevices();
-#define APPEND_CAPTURE_DEVICE_LIST(e) AppendCaptureDeviceList(al_string_get_cstr((e)->name))
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, APPEND_CAPTURE_DEVICE_LIST);
-#undef APPEND_CAPTURE_DEVICE_LIST
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
+#undef APPEND_OUTNAME
     }
 }
 
@@ -1790,7 +1900,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCpulseBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCpulseBackendFactory* UN
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCpulseBackendFactory_probe(ALCpulseBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe UNUSED(type))
+static void ALCpulseBackendFactory_probe(ALCpulseBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe UNUSED(type), al_string* UNUSED(outnames))
 {
 }
 
diff --git a/Alc/backends/qsa.c b/Alc/backends/qsa.c
index 291e49fc..81645096 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/qsa.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/qsa.c
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@
 #include "alu.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 
+#include "backends/base.h"
+
 
 typedef struct {
     snd_pcm_t* pcmHandle;
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ typedef struct {
     ALvoid* buffer;
     ALsizei size;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } qsa_data;
 
@@ -117,8 +119,10 @@ static void deviceList(int type, vector_DevMap *devmap)
     if(max_cards < 0)
         return;
 
-    VECTOR_RESERVE(*devmap, max_cards+1);
-    VECTOR_RESIZE(*devmap, 0);
+#define FREE_NAME(iter) free((iter)->name)
+    VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, *devmap, FREE_NAME);
+#undef FREE_NAME
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(*devmap, 0, max_cards+1);
 
     entry.name = strdup(qsaDevice);
     entry.card = 0;
@@ -158,17 +162,39 @@ static void deviceList(int type, vector_DevMap *devmap)
 }
 
 
-FORCE_ALIGN static int qsa_proc_playback(void* ptr)
+/* Wrappers to use an old-style backend with the new interface. */
+typedef struct PlaybackWrapper {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
+    qsa_data *ExtraData;
+} PlaybackWrapper;
+
+static void PlaybackWrapper_Construct(PlaybackWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void PlaybackWrapper_Destruct(PlaybackWrapper *self);
+static ALCenum PlaybackWrapper_open(PlaybackWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_reset(PlaybackWrapper *self);
+static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_start(PlaybackWrapper *self);
+static void PlaybackWrapper_stop(PlaybackWrapper *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD2(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(PlaybackWrapper)
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(PlaybackWrapper);
+
+
+FORCE_ALIGN static int qsa_proc_playback(void *ptr)
 {
-    ALCdevice* device=(ALCdevice*)ptr;
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
-    char* write_ptr;
-    int avail;
+    PlaybackWrapper *self = ptr;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
     snd_pcm_channel_status_t status;
     struct sched_param param;
-    fd_set wfds;
-    int selectret;
     struct timeval timeout;
+    char* write_ptr;
+    fd_set wfds;
+    ALint len;
+    int sret;
 
     SetRTPriority();
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
@@ -178,72 +204,69 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int qsa_proc_playback(void* ptr)
     param.sched_priority=param.sched_curpriority+1;
     SchedSet(0, 0, SCHED_NOCHANGE, &param);
 
-    ALint frame_size=FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    const ALint frame_size = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(
+        device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder
+    );
 
-    while (!data->killNow)
+    V0(device->Backend,lock)();
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&data->killNow, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
-        ALint len=data->size;
-        write_ptr=data->buffer;
-
-        avail=len/frame_size;
-        aluMixData(device, write_ptr, avail);
+        FD_ZERO(&wfds);
+        FD_SET(data->audio_fd, &wfds);
+        timeout.tv_sec=2;
+        timeout.tv_usec=0;
 
-        while (len>0 && !data->killNow)
+        /* Select also works like time slice to OS */
+        V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
+        sret = select(data->audio_fd+1, NULL, &wfds, NULL, &timeout);
+        V0(device->Backend,lock)();
+        if(sret == -1)
         {
-            FD_ZERO(&wfds);
-            FD_SET(data->audio_fd, &wfds);
-            timeout.tv_sec=2;
-            timeout.tv_usec=0;
-
-            /* Select also works like time slice to OS */
-            selectret=select(data->audio_fd+1, NULL, &wfds, NULL, &timeout);
-            switch (selectret)
-            {
-                case -1:
-                     aluHandleDisconnect(device);
-                     return 1;
-                case 0:
-                     break;
-                default:
-                     if (FD_ISSET(data->audio_fd, &wfds))
-                     {
-                         break;
-                     }
-                     break;
-            }
-
-            int wrote=snd_pcm_plugin_write(data->pcmHandle, write_ptr, len);
+            ERR("select error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed waiting for playback buffer: %s", strerror(errno));
+            break;
+        }
+        if(sret == 0)
+        {
+            ERR("select timeout\n");
+            continue;
+        }
 
-            if (wrote<=0)
+        len = data->size;
+        write_ptr = data->buffer;
+        aluMixData(device, write_ptr, len/frame_size);
+        while(len>0 && !ATOMIC_LOAD(&data->killNow, almemory_order_acquire))
+        {
+            int wrote = snd_pcm_plugin_write(data->pcmHandle, write_ptr, len);
+            if(wrote <= 0)
             {
-                if ((errno==EAGAIN) || (errno==EWOULDBLOCK))
-                {
+                if(errno==EAGAIN || errno==EWOULDBLOCK)
                     continue;
-                }
 
-                memset(&status, 0, sizeof (status));
-                status.channel=SND_PCM_CHANNEL_PLAYBACK;
+                memset(&status, 0, sizeof(status));
+                status.channel = SND_PCM_CHANNEL_PLAYBACK;
 
                 snd_pcm_plugin_status(data->pcmHandle, &status);
 
                 /* we need to reinitialize the sound channel if we've underrun the buffer */
-                if ((status.status==SND_PCM_STATUS_UNDERRUN) ||
-                    (status.status==SND_PCM_STATUS_READY))
+                if(status.status == SND_PCM_STATUS_UNDERRUN ||
+                   status.status == SND_PCM_STATUS_READY)
                 {
-                    if ((snd_pcm_plugin_prepare(data->pcmHandle, SND_PCM_CHANNEL_PLAYBACK))<0)
+                    if(snd_pcm_plugin_prepare(data->pcmHandle, SND_PCM_CHANNEL_PLAYBACK) < 0)
                     {
-                        aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Playback recovery failed");
                         break;
                     }
                 }
             }
             else
             {
-                write_ptr+=wrote;
-                len-=wrote;
+                write_ptr += wrote;
+                len -= wrote;
             }
         }
     }
+    V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -252,8 +275,9 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int qsa_proc_playback(void* ptr)
 /* Playback */
 /************/
 
-static ALCenum qsa_open_playback(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
+static ALCenum qsa_open_playback(PlaybackWrapper *self, const ALCchar* deviceName)
 {
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     qsa_data *data;
     int card, dev;
     int status;
@@ -261,6 +285,7 @@ static ALCenum qsa_open_playback(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
     data = (qsa_data*)calloc(1, sizeof(qsa_data));
     if(data == NULL)
         return ALC_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&data->killNow, AL_TRUE);
 
     if(!deviceName)
         deviceName = qsaDevice;
@@ -277,7 +302,7 @@ static ALCenum qsa_open_playback(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
 #define MATCH_DEVNAME(iter) ((iter)->name && strcmp(deviceName, (iter)->name)==0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, DeviceNameMap, MATCH_DEVNAME);
 #undef MATCH_DEVNAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(DeviceNameMap))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(DeviceNameMap))
         {
             free(data);
             return ALC_INVALID_DEVICE;
@@ -300,15 +325,15 @@ static ALCenum qsa_open_playback(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
         return ALC_INVALID_DEVICE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
-    device->ExtraData = data;
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
+    self->ExtraData = data;
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void qsa_close_playback(ALCdevice* device)
+static void qsa_close_playback(PlaybackWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
 
     if (data->buffer!=NULL)
     {
@@ -319,12 +344,13 @@ static void qsa_close_playback(ALCdevice* device)
     snd_pcm_close(data->pcmHandle);
     free(data);
 
-    device->ExtraData=NULL;
+    self->ExtraData = NULL;
 }
 
-static ALCboolean qsa_reset_playback(ALCdevice* device)
+static ALCboolean qsa_reset_playback(PlaybackWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
     int32_t format=-1;
 
     switch(device->FmtType)
@@ -365,14 +391,14 @@ static ALCboolean qsa_reset_playback(ALCdevice* device)
     data->cparams.start_mode=SND_PCM_START_FULL;
     data->cparams.stop_mode=SND_PCM_STOP_STOP;
 
-    data->cparams.buf.block.frag_size=device->UpdateSize*
-        ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans)*BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType);
+    data->cparams.buf.block.frag_size=device->UpdateSize *
+        FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
     data->cparams.buf.block.frags_max=device->NumUpdates;
     data->cparams.buf.block.frags_min=device->NumUpdates;
 
     data->cparams.format.interleave=1;
     data->cparams.format.rate=device->Frequency;
-    data->cparams.format.voices=ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    data->cparams.format.voices=ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
     data->cparams.format.format=format;
 
     if ((snd_pcm_plugin_params(data->pcmHandle, &data->cparams))<0)
@@ -556,7 +582,7 @@ static ALCboolean qsa_reset_playback(ALCdevice* device)
     SetDefaultChannelOrder(device);
 
     device->UpdateSize=data->csetup.buf.block.frag_size/
-        (ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans)*BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType));
+        FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
     device->NumUpdates=data->csetup.buf.block.frags;
 
     data->size=data->csetup.buf.block.frag_size;
@@ -569,35 +595,93 @@ static ALCboolean qsa_reset_playback(ALCdevice* device)
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static ALCboolean qsa_start_playback(ALCdevice* device)
+static ALCboolean qsa_start_playback(PlaybackWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data *data = (qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
 
-    data->killNow = 0;
-    if(althrd_create(&data->thread, qsa_proc_playback, device) != althrd_success)
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&data->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
+    if(althrd_create(&data->thread, qsa_proc_playback, self) != althrd_success)
         return ALC_FALSE;
 
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static void qsa_stop_playback(ALCdevice* device)
+static void qsa_stop_playback(PlaybackWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data *data = (qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
     int res;
 
-    if(data->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&data->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
-
-    data->killNow = 1;
     althrd_join(data->thread, &res);
 }
 
+
+static void PlaybackWrapper_Construct(PlaybackWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(PlaybackWrapper, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->ExtraData = NULL;
+}
+
+static void PlaybackWrapper_Destruct(PlaybackWrapper *self)
+{
+    if(self->ExtraData)
+        qsa_close_playback(self);
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
+
+static ALCenum PlaybackWrapper_open(PlaybackWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name)
+{
+    return qsa_open_playback(self, name);
+}
+
+static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_reset(PlaybackWrapper *self)
+{
+    return qsa_reset_playback(self);
+}
+
+static ALCboolean PlaybackWrapper_start(PlaybackWrapper *self)
+{
+    return qsa_start_playback(self);
+}
+
+static void PlaybackWrapper_stop(PlaybackWrapper *self)
+{
+    qsa_stop_playback(self);
+}
+
+
+
 /***********/
 /* Capture */
 /***********/
 
-static ALCenum qsa_open_capture(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
+typedef struct CaptureWrapper {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
+    qsa_data *ExtraData;
+} CaptureWrapper;
+
+static void CaptureWrapper_Construct(CaptureWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void CaptureWrapper_Destruct(CaptureWrapper *self);
+static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_open(CaptureWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
+static ALCboolean CaptureWrapper_start(CaptureWrapper *self);
+static void CaptureWrapper_stop(CaptureWrapper *self);
+static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_captureSamples(CaptureWrapper *self, void *buffer, ALCuint samples);
+static ALCuint CaptureWrapper_availableSamples(CaptureWrapper *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(CaptureWrapper)
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(CaptureWrapper);
+
+
+static ALCenum qsa_open_capture(CaptureWrapper *self, const ALCchar *deviceName)
 {
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     qsa_data *data;
     int card, dev;
     int format=-1;
@@ -624,7 +708,7 @@ static ALCenum qsa_open_capture(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
 #define MATCH_DEVNAME(iter) ((iter)->name && strcmp(deviceName, (iter)->name)==0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureNameMap, MATCH_DEVNAME);
 #undef MATCH_DEVNAME
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureNameMap))
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureNameMap))
         {
             free(data);
             return ALC_INVALID_DEVICE;
@@ -647,8 +731,8 @@ static ALCenum qsa_open_capture(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
         return ALC_INVALID_DEVICE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
-    device->ExtraData = data;
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
+    self->ExtraData = data;
 
     switch (device->FmtType)
     {
@@ -688,20 +772,19 @@ static ALCenum qsa_open_capture(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
     data->cparams.stop_mode=SND_PCM_STOP_STOP;
 
     data->cparams.buf.block.frag_size=device->UpdateSize*
-        ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans)*BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType);
+        FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
     data->cparams.buf.block.frags_max=device->NumUpdates;
     data->cparams.buf.block.frags_min=device->NumUpdates;
 
     data->cparams.format.interleave=1;
     data->cparams.format.rate=device->Frequency;
-    data->cparams.format.voices=ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    data->cparams.format.voices=ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
     data->cparams.format.format=format;
 
     if(snd_pcm_plugin_params(data->pcmHandle, &data->cparams) < 0)
     {
         snd_pcm_close(data->pcmHandle);
         free(data);
-        device->ExtraData=NULL;
 
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
@@ -709,20 +792,20 @@ static ALCenum qsa_open_capture(ALCdevice* device, const ALCchar* deviceName)
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void qsa_close_capture(ALCdevice* device)
+static void qsa_close_capture(CaptureWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
 
     if (data->pcmHandle!=NULL)
         snd_pcm_close(data->pcmHandle);
 
     free(data);
-    device->ExtraData=NULL;
+    self->ExtraData = NULL;
 }
 
-static void qsa_start_capture(ALCdevice* device)
+static void qsa_start_capture(CaptureWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
     int rstatus;
 
     if ((rstatus=snd_pcm_plugin_prepare(data->pcmHandle, SND_PCM_CHANNEL_CAPTURE))<0)
@@ -742,18 +825,18 @@ static void qsa_start_capture(ALCdevice* device)
     snd_pcm_capture_go(data->pcmHandle);
 }
 
-static void qsa_stop_capture(ALCdevice* device)
+static void qsa_stop_capture(CaptureWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
-
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
     snd_pcm_capture_flush(data->pcmHandle);
 }
 
-static ALCuint qsa_available_samples(ALCdevice* device)
+static ALCuint qsa_available_samples(CaptureWrapper *self)
 {
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
     snd_pcm_channel_status_t status;
-    ALint frame_size=FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    ALint frame_size = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
     ALint free_size;
     int rstatus;
 
@@ -766,7 +849,7 @@ static ALCuint qsa_available_samples(ALCdevice* device)
         if ((rstatus=snd_pcm_plugin_prepare(data->pcmHandle, SND_PCM_CHANNEL_CAPTURE))<0)
         {
             ERR("capture prepare failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(rstatus));
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed capture recovery: %s", snd_strerror(rstatus));
             return 0;
         }
 
@@ -780,16 +863,17 @@ static ALCuint qsa_available_samples(ALCdevice* device)
     return free_size/frame_size;
 }
 
-static ALCenum qsa_capture_samples(ALCdevice *device, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
+static ALCenum qsa_capture_samples(CaptureWrapper *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
 {
-    qsa_data* data=(qsa_data*)device->ExtraData;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+    qsa_data *data = self->ExtraData;
     char* read_ptr;
     snd_pcm_channel_status_t status;
     fd_set rfds;
     int selectret;
     struct timeval timeout;
     int bytes_read;
-    ALint frame_size=FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    ALint frame_size=FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
     ALint len=samples*frame_size;
     int rstatus;
 
@@ -808,7 +892,7 @@ static ALCenum qsa_capture_samples(ALCdevice *device, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint s
         switch (selectret)
         {
             case -1:
-                 aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                 aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to check capture samples");
                  return ALC_INVALID_DEVICE;
             case 0:
                  break;
@@ -839,7 +923,8 @@ static ALCenum qsa_capture_samples(ALCdevice *device, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint s
                 if ((rstatus=snd_pcm_plugin_prepare(data->pcmHandle, SND_PCM_CHANNEL_CAPTURE))<0)
                 {
                     ERR("capture prepare failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(rstatus));
-                    aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                    aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed capture recovery: %s",
+                                        snd_strerror(rstatus));
                     return ALC_INVALID_DEVICE;
                 }
                 snd_pcm_capture_go(data->pcmHandle);
@@ -855,27 +940,68 @@ static ALCenum qsa_capture_samples(ALCdevice *device, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint s
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static const BackendFuncs qsa_funcs= {
-    qsa_open_playback,
-    qsa_close_playback,
-    qsa_reset_playback,
-    qsa_start_playback,
-    qsa_stop_playback,
-    qsa_open_capture,
-    qsa_close_capture,
-    qsa_start_capture,
-    qsa_stop_capture,
-    qsa_capture_samples,
-    qsa_available_samples
-};
 
-ALCboolean alc_qsa_init(BackendFuncs* func_list)
+static void CaptureWrapper_Construct(CaptureWrapper *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(CaptureWrapper, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->ExtraData = NULL;
+}
+
+static void CaptureWrapper_Destruct(CaptureWrapper *self)
+{
+    if(self->ExtraData)
+        qsa_close_capture(self);
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
+
+static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_open(CaptureWrapper *self, const ALCchar *name)
+{
+    return qsa_open_capture(self, name);
+}
+
+static ALCboolean CaptureWrapper_start(CaptureWrapper *self)
 {
-    *func_list = qsa_funcs;
+    qsa_start_capture(self);
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-void alc_qsa_deinit(void)
+static void CaptureWrapper_stop(CaptureWrapper *self)
+{
+    qsa_stop_capture(self);
+}
+
+static ALCenum CaptureWrapper_captureSamples(CaptureWrapper *self, void *buffer, ALCuint samples)
+{
+    return qsa_capture_samples(self, buffer, samples);
+}
+
+static ALCuint CaptureWrapper_availableSamples(CaptureWrapper *self)
+{
+    return qsa_available_samples(self);
+}
+
+
+typedef struct ALCqsaBackendFactory {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
+} ALCqsaBackendFactory;
+#define ALCQSABACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER { { GET_VTABLE2(ALCqsaBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory) } }
+
+static ALCboolean ALCqsaBackendFactory_init(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self));
+static void ALCqsaBackendFactory_deinit(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self));
+static ALCboolean ALCqsaBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type);
+static void ALCqsaBackendFactory_probe(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
+static ALCbackend* ALCqsaBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
+DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCqsaBackendFactory);
+
+static ALCboolean ALCqsaBackendFactory_init(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
+{
+    return ALC_TRUE;
+}
+
+static void ALCqsaBackendFactory_deinit(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
 #define FREE_NAME(iter) free((iter)->name)
     VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, DeviceNameMap, FREE_NAME);
@@ -886,32 +1012,57 @@ void alc_qsa_deinit(void)
 #undef FREE_NAME
 }
 
-void alc_qsa_probe(enum DevProbe type)
+static ALCboolean ALCqsaBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
+{
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback || type == ALCbackend_Capture)
+        return ALC_TRUE;
+    return ALC_FALSE;
+}
+
+static void ALCqsaBackendFactory_probe(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch (type)
     {
+#define APPEND_OUTNAME(e) do {                                                \
+    const char *n_ = (e)->name;                                               \
+    if(n_ && n_[0])                                                           \
+        alstr_append_range(outnames, n_, n_+strlen(n_)+1);                    \
+} while(0)
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-#define FREE_NAME(iter) free((iter)->name)
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, DeviceNameMap, FREE_NAME);
-#undef FREE_NAME
-            VECTOR_RESIZE(DeviceNameMap, 0);
-
             deviceList(SND_PCM_CHANNEL_PLAYBACK, &DeviceNameMap);
-#define APPEND_DEVICE(iter) AppendAllDevicesList((iter)->name)
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, DeviceNameMap, APPEND_DEVICE);
-#undef APPEND_DEVICE
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, DeviceNameMap, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
-#define FREE_NAME(iter) free((iter)->name)
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, CaptureNameMap, FREE_NAME);
-#undef FREE_NAME
-            VECTOR_RESIZE(CaptureNameMap, 0);
-
             deviceList(SND_PCM_CHANNEL_CAPTURE, &CaptureNameMap);
-#define APPEND_DEVICE(iter) AppendCaptureDeviceList((iter)->name)
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureNameMap, APPEND_DEVICE);
-#undef APPEND_DEVICE
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureNameMap, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
+#undef APPEND_OUTNAME
+    }
+}
+
+static ALCbackend* ALCqsaBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCqsaBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type)
+{
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
+    {
+        PlaybackWrapper *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, PlaybackWrapper)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
     }
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Capture)
+    {
+        CaptureWrapper *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, CaptureWrapper)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCqsaBackendFactory_getFactory(void)
+{
+    static ALCqsaBackendFactory factory = ALCQSABACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER;
+    return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackendFactory, &factory);
 }
diff --git a/Alc/backends/sdl2.c b/Alc/backends/sdl2.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3495e6bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Alc/backends/sdl2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/**
+ * OpenAL cross platform audio library
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 by authors.
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
+ *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ *  version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ *  Library General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
+ *  License along with this library; if not, write to the
+ *  Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ *  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ * Or go to http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lgpl.html
+ */
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
+
+#include "alMain.h"
+#include "alu.h"
+#include "threads.h"
+#include "compat.h"
+
+#include "backends/base.h"
+
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define DEVNAME_PREFIX "OpenAL Soft on "
+#else
+#define DEVNAME_PREFIX ""
+#endif
+
+typedef struct ALCsdl2Backend {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
+
+    SDL_AudioDeviceID deviceID;
+    ALsizei frameSize;
+
+    ALuint Frequency;
+    enum DevFmtChannels FmtChans;
+    enum DevFmtType     FmtType;
+    ALuint UpdateSize;
+} ALCsdl2Backend;
+
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_Construct(ALCsdl2Backend *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_Destruct(ALCsdl2Backend *self);
+static ALCenum ALCsdl2Backend_open(ALCsdl2Backend *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2Backend_reset(ALCsdl2Backend *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2Backend_start(ALCsdl2Backend *self);
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_stop(ALCsdl2Backend *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCsdl2Backend, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsdl2Backend, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsdl2Backend, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_lock(ALCsdl2Backend *self);
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_unlock(ALCsdl2Backend *self);
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCsdl2Backend)
+
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCsdl2Backend);
+
+static const ALCchar defaultDeviceName[] = DEVNAME_PREFIX "Default Device";
+
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_Construct(ALCsdl2Backend *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCsdl2Backend, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->deviceID = 0;
+    self->frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
+    self->Frequency = device->Frequency;
+    self->FmtChans = device->FmtChans;
+    self->FmtType = device->FmtType;
+    self->UpdateSize = device->UpdateSize;
+}
+
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_Destruct(ALCsdl2Backend *self)
+{
+    if(self->deviceID)
+        SDL_CloseAudioDevice(self->deviceID);
+    self->deviceID = 0;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
+
+
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_audioCallback(void *ptr, Uint8 *stream, int len)
+{
+    ALCsdl2Backend *self = (ALCsdl2Backend*)ptr;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+
+    assert((len % self->frameSize) == 0);
+    aluMixData(device, stream, len / self->frameSize);
+}
+
+static ALCenum ALCsdl2Backend_open(ALCsdl2Backend *self, const ALCchar *name)
+{
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    SDL_AudioSpec want, have;
+
+    SDL_zero(want);
+    SDL_zero(have);
+
+    want.freq = device->Frequency;
+    switch(device->FmtType)
+    {
+        case DevFmtUByte: want.format = AUDIO_U8; break;
+        case DevFmtByte: want.format = AUDIO_S8; break;
+        case DevFmtUShort: want.format = AUDIO_U16SYS; break;
+        case DevFmtShort: want.format = AUDIO_S16SYS; break;
+        case DevFmtUInt: /* fall-through */
+        case DevFmtInt: want.format = AUDIO_S32SYS; break;
+        case DevFmtFloat: want.format = AUDIO_F32; break;
+    }
+    want.channels = (device->FmtChans == DevFmtMono) ? 1 : 2;
+    want.samples = device->UpdateSize;
+    want.callback = ALCsdl2Backend_audioCallback;
+    want.userdata = self;
+
+    /* Passing NULL to SDL_OpenAudioDevice opens a default, which isn't
+     * necessarily the first in the list.
+     */
+    if(!name || strcmp(name, defaultDeviceName) == 0)
+        self->deviceID = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(NULL, SDL_FALSE, &want, &have,
+                                             SDL_AUDIO_ALLOW_ANY_CHANGE);
+    else
+    {
+        const size_t prefix_len = strlen(DEVNAME_PREFIX);
+        if(strncmp(name, DEVNAME_PREFIX, prefix_len) == 0)
+            self->deviceID = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(name+prefix_len, SDL_FALSE, &want, &have,
+                                                 SDL_AUDIO_ALLOW_ANY_CHANGE);
+        else
+            self->deviceID = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(name, SDL_FALSE, &want, &have,
+                                                 SDL_AUDIO_ALLOW_ANY_CHANGE);
+    }
+    if(self->deviceID == 0)
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+
+    device->Frequency = have.freq;
+    if(have.channels == 1)
+        device->FmtChans = DevFmtMono;
+    else if(have.channels == 2)
+        device->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
+    else
+    {
+        ERR("Got unhandled SDL channel count: %d\n", (int)have.channels);
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+    switch(have.format)
+    {
+        case AUDIO_U8:     device->FmtType = DevFmtUByte;  break;
+        case AUDIO_S8:     device->FmtType = DevFmtByte;   break;
+        case AUDIO_U16SYS: device->FmtType = DevFmtUShort; break;
+        case AUDIO_S16SYS: device->FmtType = DevFmtShort;  break;
+        case AUDIO_S32SYS: device->FmtType = DevFmtInt;    break;
+        case AUDIO_F32SYS: device->FmtType = DevFmtFloat;  break;
+        default:
+            ERR("Got unsupported SDL format: 0x%04x\n", have.format);
+            return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+    device->UpdateSize = have.samples;
+    device->NumUpdates = 2; /* SDL always (tries to) use two periods. */
+
+    self->frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
+    self->Frequency = device->Frequency;
+    self->FmtChans = device->FmtChans;
+    self->FmtType = device->FmtType;
+    self->UpdateSize = device->UpdateSize;
+
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name ? name : defaultDeviceName);
+
+    return ALC_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2Backend_reset(ALCsdl2Backend *self)
+{
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    device->Frequency = self->Frequency;
+    device->FmtChans = self->FmtChans;
+    device->FmtType = self->FmtType;
+    device->UpdateSize = self->UpdateSize;
+    device->NumUpdates = 2;
+    SetDefaultWFXChannelOrder(device);
+    return ALC_TRUE;
+}
+
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2Backend_start(ALCsdl2Backend *self)
+{
+    SDL_PauseAudioDevice(self->deviceID, 0);
+    return ALC_TRUE;
+}
+
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_stop(ALCsdl2Backend *self)
+{
+    SDL_PauseAudioDevice(self->deviceID, 1);
+}
+
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_lock(ALCsdl2Backend *self)
+{
+    SDL_LockAudioDevice(self->deviceID);
+}
+
+static void ALCsdl2Backend_unlock(ALCsdl2Backend *self)
+{
+    SDL_UnlockAudioDevice(self->deviceID);
+}
+
+
+typedef struct ALCsdl2BackendFactory {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
+} ALCsdl2BackendFactory;
+#define ALCsdl2BACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER { { GET_VTABLE2(ALCsdl2BackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory) } }
+
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCsdl2BackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2BackendFactory_init(ALCsdl2BackendFactory *self);
+static void ALCsdl2BackendFactory_deinit(ALCsdl2BackendFactory *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2BackendFactory_querySupport(ALCsdl2BackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
+static void ALCsdl2BackendFactory_probe(ALCsdl2BackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
+static ALCbackend* ALCsdl2BackendFactory_createBackend(ALCsdl2BackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
+DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCsdl2BackendFactory);
+
+
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCsdl2BackendFactory_getFactory(void)
+{
+    static ALCsdl2BackendFactory factory = ALCsdl2BACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER;
+    return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackendFactory, &factory);
+}
+
+
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2BackendFactory_init(ALCsdl2BackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
+{
+    if(SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) == 0)
+        return AL_TRUE;
+    return ALC_FALSE;
+}
+
+static void ALCsdl2BackendFactory_deinit(ALCsdl2BackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
+{
+    SDL_QuitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO);
+}
+
+static ALCboolean ALCsdl2BackendFactory_querySupport(ALCsdl2BackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
+{
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
+        return ALC_TRUE;
+    return ALC_FALSE;
+}
+
+static void ALCsdl2BackendFactory_probe(ALCsdl2BackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
+{
+    int num_devices, i;
+    al_string name;
+
+    if(type != ALL_DEVICE_PROBE)
+        return;
+
+    AL_STRING_INIT(name);
+    num_devices = SDL_GetNumAudioDevices(SDL_FALSE);
+
+    alstr_append_range(outnames, defaultDeviceName, defaultDeviceName+sizeof(defaultDeviceName));
+    for(i = 0;i < num_devices;++i)
+    {
+        alstr_copy_cstr(&name, DEVNAME_PREFIX);
+        alstr_append_cstr(&name, SDL_GetAudioDeviceName(i, SDL_FALSE));
+        if(!alstr_empty(name))
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, VECTOR_BEGIN(name), VECTOR_END(name)+1);
+    }
+    alstr_reset(&name);
+}
+
+static ALCbackend* ALCsdl2BackendFactory_createBackend(ALCsdl2BackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type)
+{
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
+    {
+        ALCsdl2Backend *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCsdl2Backend)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/Alc/backends/sndio.c b/Alc/backends/sndio.c
index 52bff13a..dd174cba 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/sndio.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/sndio.c
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
 #include "threads.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
+
+#include "backends/base.h"
 
 #include <sndio.h>
 
@@ -34,49 +37,88 @@
 static const ALCchar sndio_device[] = "SndIO Default";
 
 
-static ALCboolean sndio_load(void)
-{
-    return ALC_TRUE;
-}
-
+typedef struct SndioPlayback {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
 
-typedef struct {
     struct sio_hdl *sndHandle;
 
     ALvoid *mix_data;
     ALsizei data_size;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(int) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
-} sndio_data;
+} SndioPlayback;
+
+static int SndioPlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 
+static void SndioPlayback_Construct(SndioPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void SndioPlayback_Destruct(SndioPlayback *self);
+static ALCenum SndioPlayback_open(SndioPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static ALCboolean SndioPlayback_reset(SndioPlayback *self);
+static ALCboolean SndioPlayback_start(SndioPlayback *self);
+static void SndioPlayback_stop(SndioPlayback *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD2(SndioPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioPlayback, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(SndioPlayback)
+
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(SndioPlayback);
+
+
+static void SndioPlayback_Construct(SndioPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(SndioPlayback, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->sndHandle = NULL;
+    self->mix_data = NULL;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
+}
 
-static int sndio_proc(void *ptr)
+static void SndioPlayback_Destruct(SndioPlayback *self)
 {
-    ALCdevice *device = ptr;
-    sndio_data *data = device->ExtraData;
+    if(self->sndHandle)
+        sio_close(self->sndHandle);
+    self->sndHandle = NULL;
+
+    al_free(self->mix_data);
+    self->mix_data = NULL;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
+
+
+static int SndioPlayback_mixerProc(void *ptr)
+{
+    SndioPlayback *self = (SndioPlayback*)ptr;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     ALsizei frameSize;
     size_t wrote;
 
     SetRTPriority();
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
 
-    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
-    while(!data->killNow && device->Connected)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
-        ALsizei len = data->data_size;
-        ALubyte *WritePtr = data->mix_data;
+        ALsizei len = self->data_size;
+        ALubyte *WritePtr = self->mix_data;
 
+        SndioPlayback_lock(self);
         aluMixData(device, WritePtr, len/frameSize);
-        while(len > 0 && !data->killNow)
+        SndioPlayback_unlock(self);
+        while(len > 0 && !ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire))
         {
-            wrote = sio_write(data->sndHandle, WritePtr, len);
+            wrote = sio_write(self->sndHandle, WritePtr, len);
             if(wrote == 0)
             {
                 ERR("sio_write failed\n");
                 ALCdevice_Lock(device);
-                aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to write playback samples");
                 ALCdevice_Unlock(device);
                 break;
             }
@@ -90,45 +132,30 @@ static int sndio_proc(void *ptr)
 }
 
 
-
-static ALCenum sndio_open_playback(ALCdevice *device, const ALCchar *deviceName)
+static ALCenum SndioPlayback_open(SndioPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name)
 {
-    sndio_data *data;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
 
-    if(!deviceName)
-        deviceName = sndio_device;
-    else if(strcmp(deviceName, sndio_device) != 0)
+    if(!name)
+        name = sndio_device;
+    else if(strcmp(name, sndio_device) != 0)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 
-    data = calloc(1, sizeof(*data));
-    data->killNow = 0;
-
-    data->sndHandle = sio_open(NULL, SIO_PLAY, 0);
-    if(data->sndHandle == NULL)
+    self->sndHandle = sio_open(NULL, SIO_PLAY, 0);
+    if(self->sndHandle == NULL)
     {
-        free(data);
         ERR("Could not open device\n");
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, deviceName);
-    device->ExtraData = data;
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void sndio_close_playback(ALCdevice *device)
+static ALCboolean SndioPlayback_reset(SndioPlayback *self)
 {
-    sndio_data *data = device->ExtraData;
-
-    sio_close(data->sndHandle);
-    free(data);
-    device->ExtraData = NULL;
-}
-
-static ALCboolean sndio_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
-{
-    sndio_data *data = device->ExtraData;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     struct sio_par par;
 
     sio_initpar(&par);
@@ -170,7 +197,7 @@ static ALCboolean sndio_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
     par.appbufsz = device->UpdateSize * (device->NumUpdates-1);
     if(!par.appbufsz) par.appbufsz = device->UpdateSize;
 
-    if(!sio_setpar(data->sndHandle, &par) || !sio_getpar(data->sndHandle, &par))
+    if(!sio_setpar(self->sndHandle, &par) || !sio_getpar(self->sndHandle, &par))
     {
         ERR("Failed to set device parameters\n");
         return ALC_FALSE;
@@ -211,84 +238,363 @@ static ALCboolean sndio_reset_playback(ALCdevice *device)
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static ALCboolean sndio_start_playback(ALCdevice *device)
+static ALCboolean SndioPlayback_start(SndioPlayback *self)
 {
-    sndio_data *data = device->ExtraData;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+
+    self->data_size = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(
+        device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder
+    );
+    al_free(self->mix_data);
+    self->mix_data = al_calloc(16, self->data_size);
 
-    if(!sio_start(data->sndHandle))
+    if(!sio_start(self->sndHandle))
     {
         ERR("Error starting playback\n");
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
-    data->data_size = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
-    data->mix_data = calloc(1, data->data_size);
-
-    data->killNow = 0;
-    if(althrd_create(&data->thread, sndio_proc, device) != althrd_success)
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
+    if(althrd_create(&self->thread, SndioPlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
     {
-        sio_stop(data->sndHandle);
-        free(data->mix_data);
-        data->mix_data = NULL;
+        sio_stop(self->sndHandle);
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-static void sndio_stop_playback(ALCdevice *device)
+static void SndioPlayback_stop(SndioPlayback *self)
 {
-    sndio_data *data = device->ExtraData;
     int res;
 
-    if(data->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
+    althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
-    data->killNow = 1;
-    althrd_join(data->thread, &res);
-
-    if(!sio_stop(data->sndHandle))
+    if(!sio_stop(self->sndHandle))
         ERR("Error stopping device\n");
 
-    free(data->mix_data);
-    data->mix_data = NULL;
+    al_free(self->mix_data);
+    self->mix_data = NULL;
+}
+
+
+typedef struct SndioCapture {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
+
+    struct sio_hdl *sndHandle;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *ring;
+
+    ATOMIC(int) killNow;
+    althrd_t thread;
+} SndioCapture;
+
+static int SndioCapture_recordProc(void *ptr);
+
+static void SndioCapture_Construct(SndioCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void SndioCapture_Destruct(SndioCapture *self);
+static ALCenum SndioCapture_open(SndioCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
+static ALCboolean SndioCapture_start(SndioCapture *self);
+static void SndioCapture_stop(SndioCapture *self);
+static ALCenum SndioCapture_captureSamples(SndioCapture *self, void *buffer, ALCuint samples);
+static ALCuint SndioCapture_availableSamples(SndioCapture *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioCapture, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(SndioCapture)
+
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(SndioCapture);
+
+
+static void SndioCapture_Construct(SndioCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
+{
+    ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
+    SET_VTABLE2(SndioCapture, ALCbackend, self);
+
+    self->sndHandle = NULL;
+    self->ring = NULL;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
+}
+
+static void SndioCapture_Destruct(SndioCapture *self)
+{
+    if(self->sndHandle)
+        sio_close(self->sndHandle);
+    self->sndHandle = NULL;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->ring);
+    self->ring = NULL;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 
-static const BackendFuncs sndio_funcs = {
-    sndio_open_playback,
-    sndio_close_playback,
-    sndio_reset_playback,
-    sndio_start_playback,
-    sndio_stop_playback,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL,
-    NULL
-};
-
-ALCboolean alc_sndio_init(BackendFuncs *func_list)
+static int SndioCapture_recordProc(void* ptr)
 {
-    if(!sndio_load())
+    SndioCapture *self = (SndioCapture*)ptr;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    ALsizei frameSize;
+
+    SetRTPriority();
+    althrd_setname(althrd_current(), RECORD_THREAD_NAME);
+
+    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
+
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
+    {
+        ll_ringbuffer_data_t data[2];
+        size_t total, todo;
+
+        ll_ringbuffer_get_write_vector(self->ring, data);
+        todo = data[0].len + data[1].len;
+        if(todo == 0)
+        {
+            static char junk[4096];
+            sio_read(self->sndHandle, junk, minz(sizeof(junk)/frameSize, device->UpdateSize)*frameSize);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        total = 0;
+        data[0].len *= frameSize;
+        data[1].len *= frameSize;
+        todo = minz(todo, device->UpdateSize) * frameSize;
+        while(total < todo)
+        {
+            size_t got;
+
+            if(!data[0].len)
+                data[0] = data[1];
+
+            got = sio_read(self->sndHandle, data[0].buf, minz(todo-total, data[0].len));
+            if(!got)
+            {
+                SndioCapture_lock(self);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to read capture samples");
+                SndioCapture_unlock(self);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            data[0].buf += got;
+            data[0].len -= got;
+            total += got;
+        }
+        ll_ringbuffer_write_advance(self->ring, total / frameSize);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static ALCenum SndioCapture_open(SndioCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
+{
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
+    struct sio_par par;
+
+    if(!name)
+        name = sndio_device;
+    else if(strcmp(name, sndio_device) != 0)
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+
+    self->sndHandle = sio_open(NULL, SIO_REC, 0);
+    if(self->sndHandle == NULL)
+    {
+        ERR("Could not open device\n");
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    sio_initpar(&par);
+
+    switch(device->FmtType)
+    {
+        case DevFmtByte:
+            par.bps = 1;
+            par.sig = 1;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtUByte:
+            par.bps = 1;
+            par.sig = 0;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtShort:
+            par.bps = 2;
+            par.sig = 1;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtUShort:
+            par.bps = 2;
+            par.sig = 0;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtInt:
+            par.bps = 4;
+            par.sig = 1;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtUInt:
+            par.bps = 4;
+            par.sig = 0;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtFloat:
+            ERR("%s capture samples not supported\n", DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType));
+            return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+    par.bits = par.bps * 8;
+    par.le = SIO_LE_NATIVE;
+    par.msb = SIO_LE_NATIVE ? 0 : 1;
+    par.rchan = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
+    par.rate = device->Frequency;
+
+    par.appbufsz = maxu(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates, (device->Frequency+9)/10);
+    par.round = clampu(par.appbufsz/device->NumUpdates, (device->Frequency+99)/100,
+                       (device->Frequency+19)/20);
+
+    device->UpdateSize = par.round;
+    device->NumUpdates = maxu(par.appbufsz/par.round, 1);
+
+    if(!sio_setpar(self->sndHandle, &par) || !sio_getpar(self->sndHandle, &par))
+    {
+        ERR("Failed to set device parameters\n");
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    if(par.bits != par.bps*8)
+    {
+        ERR("Padded samples not supported (%u of %u bits)\n", par.bits, par.bps*8);
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    if(!((device->FmtType == DevFmtByte && par.bits == 8 && par.sig != 0) ||
+         (device->FmtType == DevFmtUByte && par.bits == 8 && par.sig == 0) ||
+         (device->FmtType == DevFmtShort && par.bits == 16 && par.sig != 0) ||
+         (device->FmtType == DevFmtUShort && par.bits == 16 && par.sig == 0) ||
+         (device->FmtType == DevFmtInt && par.bits == 32 && par.sig != 0) ||
+         (device->FmtType == DevFmtUInt && par.bits == 32 && par.sig == 0)) ||
+       ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder) != (ALsizei)par.rchan ||
+       device->Frequency != par.rate)
+    {
+        ERR("Failed to set format %s %s %uhz, got %c%u %u-channel %uhz instead\n",
+            DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType), DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans),
+            device->Frequency, par.sig?'s':'u', par.bits, par.rchan, par.rate);
+        return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    self->ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates, par.bps*par.rchan, 0);
+    if(!self->ring)
+    {
+        ERR("Failed to allocate %u-byte ringbuffer\n",
+            device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates*par.bps*par.rchan);
+        return ALC_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+    }
+
+    SetDefaultChannelOrder(device);
+
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+
+    return ALC_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+static ALCboolean SndioCapture_start(SndioCapture *self)
+{
+    if(!sio_start(self->sndHandle))
+    {
+        ERR("Error starting playback\n");
         return ALC_FALSE;
-    *func_list = sndio_funcs;
+    }
+
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
+    if(althrd_create(&self->thread, SndioCapture_recordProc, self) != althrd_success)
+    {
+        sio_stop(self->sndHandle);
+        return ALC_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return ALC_TRUE;
+}
+
+static void SndioCapture_stop(SndioCapture *self)
+{
+    int res;
+
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
+        return;
+    althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
+
+    if(!sio_stop(self->sndHandle))
+        ERR("Error stopping device\n");
+}
+
+static ALCenum SndioCapture_captureSamples(SndioCapture *self, void *buffer, ALCuint samples)
+{
+    ll_ringbuffer_read(self->ring, buffer, samples);
+    return ALC_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+static ALCuint SndioCapture_availableSamples(SndioCapture *self)
+{
+    return ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->ring);
+}
+
+
+typedef struct SndioBackendFactory {
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
+} SndioBackendFactory;
+#define SNDIOBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER { { GET_VTABLE2(SndioBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory) } }
+
+ALCbackendFactory *SndioBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
+
+static ALCboolean SndioBackendFactory_init(SndioBackendFactory *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(SndioBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)
+static ALCboolean SndioBackendFactory_querySupport(SndioBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
+static void SndioBackendFactory_probe(SndioBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
+static ALCbackend* SndioBackendFactory_createBackend(SndioBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
+DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(SndioBackendFactory);
+
+ALCbackendFactory *SndioBackendFactory_getFactory(void)
+{
+    static SndioBackendFactory factory = SNDIOBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER;
+    return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackendFactory, &factory);
+}
+
+static ALCboolean SndioBackendFactory_init(SndioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
+{
+    /* No dynamic loading */
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-void alc_sndio_deinit(void)
+static ALCboolean SndioBackendFactory_querySupport(SndioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
 {
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback || type == ALCbackend_Capture)
+        return ALC_TRUE;
+    return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-void alc_sndio_probe(enum DevProbe type)
+static void SndioBackendFactory_probe(SndioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendAllDevicesList(sndio_device);
-            break;
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, sndio_device, sndio_device+sizeof(sndio_device));
             break;
     }
 }
+
+static ALCbackend* SndioBackendFactory_createBackend(SndioBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type)
+{
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
+    {
+        SndioPlayback *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, SndioPlayback)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Capture)
+    {
+        SndioCapture *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, SndioCapture)(device);
+        if(!backend) return NULL;
+        return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
diff --git a/Alc/backends/solaris.c b/Alc/backends/solaris.c
index 52ca9090..71282204 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/solaris.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/solaris.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "alconfig.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ typedef struct ALCsolarisBackend {
     ALubyte *mix_data;
     int data_size;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCsolarisBackend;
 
@@ -58,13 +60,12 @@ static int ALCsolarisBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 static void ALCsolarisBackend_Construct(ALCsolarisBackend *self, ALCdevice *device);
 static void ALCsolarisBackend_Destruct(ALCsolarisBackend *self);
 static ALCenum ALCsolarisBackend_open(ALCsolarisBackend *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCsolarisBackend_close(ALCsolarisBackend *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_reset(ALCsolarisBackend *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_start(ALCsolarisBackend *self);
 static void ALCsolarisBackend_stop(ALCsolarisBackend *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCsolarisBackend, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsolarisBackend, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsolarisBackend, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsolarisBackend, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsolarisBackend, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsolarisBackend, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCsolarisBackend)
@@ -83,6 +84,8 @@ static void ALCsolarisBackend_Construct(ALCsolarisBackend *self, ALCdevice *devi
     SET_VTABLE2(ALCsolarisBackend, ALCbackend, self);
 
     self->fd = -1;
+    self->mix_data = NULL;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE);
 }
 
 static void ALCsolarisBackend_Destruct(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
@@ -102,43 +105,67 @@ static void ALCsolarisBackend_Destruct(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
 static int ALCsolarisBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr)
 {
     ALCsolarisBackend *self = ptr;
-    ALCdevice *Device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
-    ALint frameSize;
-    int wrote;
+    ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    struct timeval timeout;
+    ALubyte *write_ptr;
+    ALint frame_size;
+    ALint to_write;
+    ssize_t wrote;
+    fd_set wfds;
+    int sret;
 
     SetRTPriority();
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
 
-    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(Device->FmtChans, Device->FmtType);
+    frame_size = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
-    while(!self->killNow && Device->Connected)
+    ALCsolarisBackend_lock(self);
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
-        ALint len = self->data_size;
-        ALubyte *WritePtr = self->mix_data;
+        FD_ZERO(&wfds);
+        FD_SET(self->fd, &wfds);
+        timeout.tv_sec = 1;
+        timeout.tv_usec = 0;
+
+        ALCsolarisBackend_unlock(self);
+        sret = select(self->fd+1, NULL, &wfds, NULL, &timeout);
+        ALCsolarisBackend_lock(self);
+        if(sret < 0)
+        {
+            if(errno == EINTR)
+                continue;
+            ERR("select failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to wait for playback buffer: %s", strerror(errno));
+            break;
+        }
+        else if(sret == 0)
+        {
+            WARN("select timeout\n");
+            continue;
+        }
 
-        aluMixData(Device, WritePtr, len/frameSize);
-        while(len > 0 && !self->killNow)
+        write_ptr = self->mix_data;
+        to_write = self->data_size;
+        aluMixData(device, write_ptr, to_write/frame_size);
+        while(to_write > 0 && !ATOMIC_LOAD_SEQ(&self->killNow))
         {
-            wrote = write(self->fd, WritePtr, len);
+            wrote = write(self->fd, write_ptr, to_write);
             if(wrote < 0)
             {
-                if(errno != EAGAIN && errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EINTR)
-                {
-                    ERR("write failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-                    ALCsolarisBackend_lock(self);
-                    aluHandleDisconnect(Device);
-                    ALCsolarisBackend_unlock(self);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                al_nssleep(1000000);
-                continue;
+                if(errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
+                    continue;
+                ERR("write failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to write playback samples: %s",
+                                    strerror(errno));
+                break;
             }
 
-            len -= wrote;
-            WritePtr += wrote;
+            to_write -= wrote;
+            write_ptr += wrote;
         }
     }
+    ALCsolarisBackend_unlock(self);
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -161,23 +188,17 @@ static ALCenum ALCsolarisBackend_open(ALCsolarisBackend *self, const ALCchar *na
     }
 
     device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCsolarisBackend_close(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
-{
-    close(self->fd);
-    self->fd = -1;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_reset(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
     audio_info_t info;
-    ALuint frameSize;
-    int numChannels;
+    ALsizei frameSize;
+    ALsizei numChannels;
 
     AUDIO_INITINFO(&info);
 
@@ -185,7 +206,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_reset(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
 
     if(device->FmtChans != DevFmtMono)
         device->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
-    numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    numChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
     info.play.channels = numChannels;
 
     switch(device->FmtType)
@@ -219,9 +240,9 @@ static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_reset(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
-    if(ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans) != info.play.channels)
+    if(ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder) != (ALsizei)info.play.channels)
     {
-        ERR("Could not set %d channels, got %d instead\n", ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans), info.play.channels);
+        ERR("Failed to set %s, got %u channels instead\n", DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans), info.play.channels);
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
@@ -241,7 +262,9 @@ static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_reset(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
     SetDefaultChannelOrder(device);
 
     free(self->mix_data);
-    self->data_size = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    self->data_size = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(
+        device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder
+    );
     self->mix_data = calloc(1, self->data_size);
 
     return ALC_TRUE;
@@ -249,7 +272,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_reset(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
 
 static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackend_start(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
 {
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE_SEQ(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCsolarisBackend_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
         return ALC_FALSE;
     return ALC_TRUE;
@@ -259,10 +282,9 @@ static void ALCsolarisBackend_stop(ALCsolarisBackend *self)
 {
     int res;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE_SEQ(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE))
         return;
 
-    self->killNow = 1;
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
     if(ioctl(self->fd, AUDIO_DRAIN) < 0)
@@ -280,7 +302,7 @@ ALCbackendFactory *ALCsolarisBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackendFactory_init(ALCsolarisBackendFactory *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCsolarisBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)
 static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCsolarisBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCsolarisBackendFactory_probe(ALCsolarisBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCsolarisBackendFactory_probe(ALCsolarisBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCsolarisBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCsolarisBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCsolarisBackendFactory);
 
@@ -305,7 +327,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCsolarisBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCsolarisBackendFactory
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCsolarisBackendFactory_probe(ALCsolarisBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCsolarisBackendFactory_probe(ALCsolarisBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
@@ -315,7 +337,7 @@ static void ALCsolarisBackendFactory_probe(ALCsolarisBackendFactory* UNUSED(self
             struct stat buf;
             if(stat(solaris_driver, &buf) == 0)
 #endif
-                AppendAllDevicesList(solaris_device);
+                alstr_append_range(outnames, solaris_device, solaris_device+sizeof(solaris_device));
         }
         break;
 
diff --git a/Alc/backends/mmdevapi.c b/Alc/backends/wasapi.c
index e8563d33..b974321b 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/mmdevapi.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/wasapi.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <memory.h>
 
+#include <wtypes.h>
 #include <mmdeviceapi.h>
 #include <audioclient.h>
 #include <cguid.h>
@@ -40,9 +41,11 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 #include "alstring.h"
+#include "converter.h"
 
 #include "backends/base.h"
 
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@ DEFINE_GUID(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT, 0x00000003, 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0
 
 DEFINE_DEVPROPKEY(DEVPKEY_Device_FriendlyName, 0xa45c254e, 0xdf1c, 0x4efd, 0x80,0x20, 0x67,0xd1,0x46,0xa8,0x50,0xe0, 14);
 DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_FormFactor, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c,0x23, 0xe0,0xc0,0xff,0xee,0x7f,0x0e, 0);
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_GUID, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23,0xe0, 0xc0,0xff,0xee,0x7f,0x0e, 4 );
 
 #define MONO SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER
 #define STEREO (SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT|SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT)
@@ -62,11 +66,21 @@ DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_FormFactor, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x
 #define X7DOT1 (SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT|SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT|SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER|SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY|SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT|SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT|SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT|SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT)
 #define X7DOT1_WIDE (SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT|SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT|SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER|SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY|SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT|SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT|SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER|SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER)
 
-#define DEVNAME_TAIL " on OpenAL Soft"
+#define REFTIME_PER_SEC ((REFERENCE_TIME)10000000)
+
+#define DEVNAME_HEAD "OpenAL Soft on "
+
+
+/* Scales the given value using 64-bit integer math, ceiling the result. */
+static inline ALuint64 ScaleCeil(ALuint64 val, ALuint64 new_scale, ALuint64 old_scale)
+{
+    return (val*new_scale + old_scale-1) / old_scale;
+}
 
 
 typedef struct {
     al_string name;
+    al_string endpoint_guid; // obtained from PKEY_AudioEndpoint_GUID , set to "Unknown device GUID" if absent.
     WCHAR *devid;
 } DevMap;
 TYPEDEF_VECTOR(DevMap, vector_DevMap)
@@ -75,11 +89,12 @@ static void clear_devlist(vector_DevMap *list)
 {
 #define CLEAR_DEVMAP(i) do {     \
     AL_STRING_DEINIT((i)->name); \
+    AL_STRING_DEINIT((i)->endpoint_guid); \
     free((i)->devid);            \
     (i)->devid = NULL;           \
 } while(0)
     VECTOR_FOR_EACH(DevMap, *list, CLEAR_DEVMAP);
-    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0);
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0, 0);
 #undef CLEAR_DEVMAP
 }
 
@@ -104,6 +119,15 @@ typedef struct {
 #define WM_USER_Enumerate   (WM_USER+5)
 #define WM_USER_Last        (WM_USER+5)
 
+static const char MessageStr[WM_USER_Last+1-WM_USER][20] = {
+    "Open Device",
+    "Reset Device",
+    "Start Device",
+    "Stop Device",
+    "Close Device",
+    "Enumerate Devices",
+};
+
 static inline void ReturnMsgResponse(ThreadRequest *req, HRESULT res)
 {
     req->result = res;
@@ -119,16 +143,21 @@ static HRESULT WaitForResponse(ThreadRequest *req)
 }
 
 
-static void get_device_name(IMMDevice *device, al_string *name)
+static void get_device_name_and_guid(IMMDevice *device, al_string *name, al_string *guid)
 {
     IPropertyStore *ps;
     PROPVARIANT pvname;
+    PROPVARIANT pvguid;
     HRESULT hr;
 
+    alstr_copy_cstr(name, DEVNAME_HEAD);
+
     hr = IMMDevice_OpenPropertyStore(device, STGM_READ, &ps);
     if(FAILED(hr))
     {
         WARN("OpenPropertyStore failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
+        alstr_append_cstr(name, "Unknown Device Name");
+        if(guid!=NULL)alstr_copy_cstr(guid, "Unknown Device GUID");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -136,13 +165,39 @@ static void get_device_name(IMMDevice *device, al_string *name)
 
     hr = IPropertyStore_GetValue(ps, (const PROPERTYKEY*)&DEVPKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &pvname);
     if(FAILED(hr))
+    {
         WARN("GetValue Device_FriendlyName failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
+        alstr_append_cstr(name, "Unknown Device Name");
+    }
     else if(pvname.vt == VT_LPWSTR)
-        al_string_copy_wcstr(name, pvname.pwszVal);
+        alstr_append_wcstr(name, pvname.pwszVal);
     else
+    {
         WARN("Unexpected PROPVARIANT type: 0x%04x\n", pvname.vt);
-
+        alstr_append_cstr(name, "Unknown Device Name");
+    }
     PropVariantClear(&pvname);
+
+    if(guid!=NULL){
+        PropVariantInit(&pvguid);
+
+        hr = IPropertyStore_GetValue(ps, (const PROPERTYKEY*)&PKEY_AudioEndpoint_GUID, &pvguid);
+        if(FAILED(hr))
+        {
+            WARN("GetValue AudioEndpoint_GUID failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
+            alstr_copy_cstr(guid, "Unknown Device GUID");
+        }
+        else if(pvguid.vt == VT_LPWSTR)
+            alstr_copy_wcstr(guid, pvguid.pwszVal);
+        else
+        {
+            WARN("Unexpected PROPVARIANT type: 0x%04x\n", pvguid.vt);
+            alstr_copy_cstr(guid, "Unknown Device GUID");
+        }
+
+        PropVariantClear(&pvguid);
+    }
+
     IPropertyStore_Release(ps);
 }
 
@@ -176,7 +231,7 @@ static void get_device_formfactor(IMMDevice *device, EndpointFormFactor *formfac
 }
 
 
-static void add_device(IMMDevice *device, LPCWSTR devid, vector_DevMap *list)
+static void add_device(IMMDevice *device, const WCHAR *devid, vector_DevMap *list)
 {
     int count = 0;
     al_string tmpname;
@@ -184,40 +239,39 @@ static void add_device(IMMDevice *device, LPCWSTR devid, vector_DevMap *list)
 
     AL_STRING_INIT(tmpname);
     AL_STRING_INIT(entry.name);
+    AL_STRING_INIT(entry.endpoint_guid);
 
     entry.devid = strdupW(devid);
-    get_device_name(device, &tmpname);
+    get_device_name_and_guid(device, &tmpname, &entry.endpoint_guid);
 
     while(1)
     {
         const DevMap *iter;
 
-        al_string_copy(&entry.name, tmpname);
-        if(count == 0)
-            al_string_append_cstr(&entry.name, DEVNAME_TAIL);
-        else
+        alstr_copy(&entry.name, tmpname);
+        if(count != 0)
         {
             char str[64];
-            snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d"DEVNAME_TAIL, count+1);
-            al_string_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
+            snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d", count+1);
+            alstr_append_cstr(&entry.name, str);
         }
 
-#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (al_string_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
+#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (alstr_cmp(entry.name, (i)->name) == 0)
         VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, *list, MATCH_ENTRY);
-        if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(*list)) break;
+        if(iter == VECTOR_END(*list)) break;
 #undef MATCH_ENTRY
         count++;
     }
 
-    TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%ls\"\n", al_string_get_cstr(entry.name), entry.devid);
+    TRACE("Got device \"%s\", \"%s\", \"%ls\"\n", alstr_get_cstr(entry.name), alstr_get_cstr(entry.endpoint_guid), entry.devid);
     VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(*list, entry);
 
     AL_STRING_DEINIT(tmpname);
 }
 
-static LPWSTR get_device_id(IMMDevice *device)
+static WCHAR *get_device_id(IMMDevice *device)
 {
-    LPWSTR devid;
+    WCHAR *devid;
     HRESULT hr;
 
     hr = IMMDevice_GetId(device, &devid);
@@ -234,7 +288,7 @@ static HRESULT probe_devices(IMMDeviceEnumerator *devenum, EDataFlow flowdir, ve
 {
     IMMDeviceCollection *coll;
     IMMDevice *defdev = NULL;
-    LPWSTR defdevid = NULL;
+    WCHAR *defdevid = NULL;
     HRESULT hr;
     UINT count;
     UINT i;
@@ -251,11 +305,7 @@ static HRESULT probe_devices(IMMDeviceEnumerator *devenum, EDataFlow flowdir, ve
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr) && count > 0)
     {
         clear_devlist(list);
-        if(!VECTOR_RESERVE(*list, count))
-        {
-            IMMDeviceCollection_Release(coll);
-            return E_OUTOFMEMORY;
-        }
+        VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0, count);
 
         hr = IMMDeviceEnumerator_GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(devenum, flowdir,
                                                          eMultimedia, &defdev);
@@ -270,7 +320,7 @@ static HRESULT probe_devices(IMMDeviceEnumerator *devenum, EDataFlow flowdir, ve
     for(i = 0;i < count;++i)
     {
         IMMDevice *device;
-        LPWSTR devid;
+        WCHAR *devid;
 
         hr = IMMDeviceCollection_Item(coll, i, &device);
         if(FAILED(hr)) continue;
@@ -278,7 +328,7 @@ static HRESULT probe_devices(IMMDeviceEnumerator *devenum, EDataFlow flowdir, ve
         devid = get_device_id(device);
         if(devid)
         {
-            if(wcscmp(devid, defdevid) != 0)
+            if(!defdevid || wcscmp(devid, defdevid) != 0)
                 add_device(device, devid, list);
             CoTaskMemFree(devid);
         }
@@ -294,51 +344,51 @@ static HRESULT probe_devices(IMMDeviceEnumerator *devenum, EDataFlow flowdir, ve
 
 
 /* Proxy interface used by the message handler. */
-struct ALCmmdevProxyVtable;
+struct ALCwasapiProxyVtable;
 
-typedef struct ALCmmdevProxy {
-    const struct ALCmmdevProxyVtable *vtbl;
-} ALCmmdevProxy;
+typedef struct ALCwasapiProxy {
+    const struct ALCwasapiProxyVtable *vtbl;
+} ALCwasapiProxy;
 
-struct ALCmmdevProxyVtable {
-    HRESULT (*const openProxy)(ALCmmdevProxy*);
-    void (*const closeProxy)(ALCmmdevProxy*);
+struct ALCwasapiProxyVtable {
+    HRESULT (*const openProxy)(ALCwasapiProxy*);
+    void (*const closeProxy)(ALCwasapiProxy*);
 
-    HRESULT (*const resetProxy)(ALCmmdevProxy*);
-    HRESULT (*const startProxy)(ALCmmdevProxy*);
-    void  (*const stopProxy)(ALCmmdevProxy*);
+    HRESULT (*const resetProxy)(ALCwasapiProxy*);
+    HRESULT (*const startProxy)(ALCwasapiProxy*);
+    void  (*const stopProxy)(ALCwasapiProxy*);
 };
 
-#define DEFINE_ALCMMDEVPROXY_VTABLE(T)                                        \
-DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCmmdevProxy, HRESULT, openProxy)                           \
-DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCmmdevProxy, void, closeProxy)                             \
-DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCmmdevProxy, HRESULT, resetProxy)                          \
-DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCmmdevProxy, HRESULT, startProxy)                          \
-DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCmmdevProxy, void, stopProxy)                              \
+#define DEFINE_ALCWASAPIPROXY_VTABLE(T)                                       \
+DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCwasapiProxy, HRESULT, openProxy)                          \
+DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCwasapiProxy, void, closeProxy)                            \
+DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCwasapiProxy, HRESULT, resetProxy)                         \
+DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCwasapiProxy, HRESULT, startProxy)                         \
+DECLARE_THUNK(T, ALCwasapiProxy, void, stopProxy)                             \
                                                                               \
-static const struct ALCmmdevProxyVtable T##_ALCmmdevProxy_vtable = {          \
-    T##_ALCmmdevProxy_openProxy,                                              \
-    T##_ALCmmdevProxy_closeProxy,                                             \
-    T##_ALCmmdevProxy_resetProxy,                                             \
-    T##_ALCmmdevProxy_startProxy,                                             \
-    T##_ALCmmdevProxy_stopProxy,                                              \
+static const struct ALCwasapiProxyVtable T##_ALCwasapiProxy_vtable = {        \
+    T##_ALCwasapiProxy_openProxy,                                             \
+    T##_ALCwasapiProxy_closeProxy,                                            \
+    T##_ALCwasapiProxy_resetProxy,                                            \
+    T##_ALCwasapiProxy_startProxy,                                            \
+    T##_ALCwasapiProxy_stopProxy,                                             \
 }
 
-static void ALCmmdevProxy_Construct(ALCmmdevProxy* UNUSED(self)) { }
-static void ALCmmdevProxy_Destruct(ALCmmdevProxy* UNUSED(self)) { }
+static void ALCwasapiProxy_Construct(ALCwasapiProxy* UNUSED(self)) { }
+static void ALCwasapiProxy_Destruct(ALCwasapiProxy* UNUSED(self)) { }
 
-static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
+static DWORD CALLBACK ALCwasapiProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
 {
     ThreadRequest *req = ptr;
     IMMDeviceEnumerator *Enumerator;
     ALuint deviceCount = 0;
-    ALCmmdevProxy *proxy;
+    ALCwasapiProxy *proxy;
     HRESULT hr, cohr;
     MSG msg;
 
     TRACE("Starting message thread\n");
 
-    cohr = CoInitialize(NULL);
+    cohr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
     if(FAILED(cohr))
     {
         WARN("Failed to initialize COM: 0x%08lx\n", cohr);
@@ -372,16 +422,20 @@ static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
     TRACE("Starting message loop\n");
     while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, WM_USER_First, WM_USER_Last))
     {
-        TRACE("Got message %u (lparam=%p, wparam=%p)\n", msg.message, (void*)msg.lParam, (void*)msg.wParam);
+        TRACE("Got message \"%s\" (0x%04x, lparam=%p, wparam=%p)\n",
+            (msg.message >= WM_USER && msg.message <= WM_USER_Last) ?
+            MessageStr[msg.message-WM_USER] : "Unknown",
+            msg.message, (void*)msg.lParam, (void*)msg.wParam
+        );
         switch(msg.message)
         {
         case WM_USER_OpenDevice:
             req = (ThreadRequest*)msg.wParam;
-            proxy = (ALCmmdevProxy*)msg.lParam;
+            proxy = (ALCwasapiProxy*)msg.lParam;
 
             hr = cohr = S_OK;
             if(++deviceCount == 1)
-                hr = cohr = CoInitialize(NULL);
+                hr = cohr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
             if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
                 hr = V0(proxy,openProxy)();
             if(FAILED(hr))
@@ -395,7 +449,7 @@ static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
 
         case WM_USER_ResetDevice:
             req = (ThreadRequest*)msg.wParam;
-            proxy = (ALCmmdevProxy*)msg.lParam;
+            proxy = (ALCwasapiProxy*)msg.lParam;
 
             hr = V0(proxy,resetProxy)();
             ReturnMsgResponse(req, hr);
@@ -403,7 +457,7 @@ static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
 
         case WM_USER_StartDevice:
             req = (ThreadRequest*)msg.wParam;
-            proxy = (ALCmmdevProxy*)msg.lParam;
+            proxy = (ALCwasapiProxy*)msg.lParam;
 
             hr = V0(proxy,startProxy)();
             ReturnMsgResponse(req, hr);
@@ -411,7 +465,7 @@ static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
 
         case WM_USER_StopDevice:
             req = (ThreadRequest*)msg.wParam;
-            proxy = (ALCmmdevProxy*)msg.lParam;
+            proxy = (ALCwasapiProxy*)msg.lParam;
 
             V0(proxy,stopProxy)();
             ReturnMsgResponse(req, S_OK);
@@ -419,7 +473,7 @@ static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
 
         case WM_USER_CloseDevice:
             req = (ThreadRequest*)msg.wParam;
-            proxy = (ALCmmdevProxy*)msg.lParam;
+            proxy = (ALCwasapiProxy*)msg.lParam;
 
             V0(proxy,closeProxy)();
             if(--deviceCount == 0)
@@ -433,7 +487,7 @@ static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
 
             hr = cohr = S_OK;
             if(++deviceCount == 1)
-                hr = cohr = CoInitialize(NULL);
+                hr = cohr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
             if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
                 hr = CoCreateInstance(&CLSID_MMDeviceEnumerator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, &IID_IMMDeviceEnumerator, &ptr);
             if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
@@ -466,9 +520,9 @@ static DWORD CALLBACK ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler(void *ptr)
 }
 
 
-typedef struct ALCmmdevPlayback {
+typedef struct ALCwasapiPlayback {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
-    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCmmdevProxy);
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCwasapiProxy);
 
     WCHAR *devid;
 
@@ -479,43 +533,42 @@ typedef struct ALCmmdevPlayback {
 
     HANDLE MsgEvent;
 
-    volatile UINT32 Padding;
+    ATOMIC(UINT32) Padding;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(int) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
-} ALCmmdevPlayback;
-
-static int ALCmmdevPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg);
-
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_Construct(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_Destruct(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static ALCenum ALCmmdevPlayback_open(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_openProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_close(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_closeProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevPlayback_reset(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_resetProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevPlayback_start(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_startProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_stop(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_stopProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCmmdevPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, ALCvoid*, ALCuint)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCmmdevPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static ALint64 ALCmmdevPlayback_getLatency(ALCmmdevPlayback *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCmmdevPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCmmdevPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
-DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCmmdevPlayback)
-
-DEFINE_ALCMMDEVPROXY_VTABLE(ALCmmdevPlayback);
-DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCmmdevPlayback);
-
-
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_Construct(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device)
+} ALCwasapiPlayback;
+
+static int ALCwasapiPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg);
+
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_Construct(ALCwasapiPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_Destruct(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static ALCenum ALCwasapiPlayback_open(ALCwasapiPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiPlayback_openProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_closeProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiPlayback_reset(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiPlayback_resetProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiPlayback_start(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiPlayback_startProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_stop(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_stopProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCwasapiPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, ALCvoid*, ALCuint)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwasapiPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
+static ClockLatency ALCwasapiPlayback_getClockLatency(ALCwasapiPlayback *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwasapiPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwasapiPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCwasapiPlayback)
+
+DEFINE_ALCWASAPIPROXY_VTABLE(ALCwasapiPlayback);
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCwasapiPlayback);
+
+
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_Construct(ALCwasapiPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
-    SET_VTABLE2(ALCmmdevPlayback, ALCbackend, self);
-    SET_VTABLE2(ALCmmdevPlayback, ALCmmdevProxy, self);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCwasapiPlayback, ALCbackend, self);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCwasapiPlayback, ALCwasapiProxy, self);
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
-    ALCmmdevProxy_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self));
+    ALCwasapiProxy_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self));
 
     self->devid = NULL;
 
@@ -526,13 +579,30 @@ static void ALCmmdevPlayback_Construct(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device
 
     self->MsgEvent = NULL;
 
-    self->Padding = 0;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->Padding, 0);
 
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, 0);
 }
 
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_Destruct(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_Destruct(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
+    if(self->MsgEvent)
+    {
+        ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
+        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_CloseDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
+            (void)WaitForResponse(&req);
+
+        CloseHandle(self->MsgEvent);
+        self->MsgEvent = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if(self->NotifyEvent)
+        CloseHandle(self->NotifyEvent);
+    self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
+
+    free(self->devid);
+    self->devid = NULL;
+
     if(self->NotifyEvent != NULL)
         CloseHandle(self->NotifyEvent);
     self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
@@ -543,26 +613,26 @@ static void ALCmmdevPlayback_Destruct(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
     free(self->devid);
     self->devid = NULL;
 
-    ALCmmdevProxy_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self));
+    ALCwasapiProxy_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self));
     ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 
-FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCmmdevPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
+FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCwasapiPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
 {
-    ALCmmdevPlayback *self = arg;
+    ALCwasapiPlayback *self = arg;
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     UINT32 buffer_len, written;
     ALuint update_size, len;
     BYTE *buffer;
     HRESULT hr;
 
-    hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
+    hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
     if(FAILED(hr))
     {
-        ERR("CoInitialize(NULL) failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
+        ERR("CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED) failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
         V0(device->Backend,lock)();
-        aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "COM init failed: 0x%08lx", hr);
         V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
         return 1;
     }
@@ -572,18 +642,18 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCmmdevPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
 
     update_size = device->UpdateSize;
     buffer_len = update_size * device->NumUpdates;
-    while(!self->killNow)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_relaxed))
     {
         hr = IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding(self->client, &written);
         if(FAILED(hr))
         {
             ERR("Failed to get padding: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
             V0(device->Backend,lock)();
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to retrieve buffer padding: 0x%08lx", hr);
             V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
             break;
         }
-        self->Padding = written;
+        ATOMIC_STORE(&self->Padding, written, almemory_order_relaxed);
 
         len = buffer_len - written;
         if(len < update_size)
@@ -599,22 +669,22 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCmmdevPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
         hr = IAudioRenderClient_GetBuffer(self->render, len, &buffer);
         if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
         {
-            V0(device->Backend,lock)();
+            ALCwasapiPlayback_lock(self);
             aluMixData(device, buffer, len);
-            self->Padding = written + len;
-            V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
+            ATOMIC_STORE(&self->Padding, written + len, almemory_order_relaxed);
+            ALCwasapiPlayback_unlock(self);
             hr = IAudioRenderClient_ReleaseBuffer(self->render, len, 0);
         }
         if(FAILED(hr))
         {
             ERR("Failed to buffer data: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
             V0(device->Backend,lock)();
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to send playback samples: 0x%08lx", hr);
             V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
             break;
         }
     }
-    self->Padding = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->Padding, 0, almemory_order_release);
 
     CoUninitialize();
     return 0;
@@ -660,13 +730,12 @@ static ALCboolean MakeExtensible(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *out, const WAVEFORMATEX *
     return ALC_TRUE;
 }
 
-
-static ALCenum ALCmmdevPlayback_open(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, const ALCchar *deviceName)
+static ALCenum ALCwasapiPlayback_open(ALCwasapiPlayback *self, const ALCchar *deviceName)
 {
     HRESULT hr = S_OK;
 
-    self->NotifyEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
-    self->MsgEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+    self->NotifyEvent = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+    self->MsgEvent = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
     if(self->NotifyEvent == NULL || self->MsgEvent == NULL)
     {
         ERR("Failed to create message events: %lu\n", GetLastError());
@@ -687,18 +756,32 @@ static ALCenum ALCmmdevPlayback_open(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, const ALCchar *devi
             }
 
             hr = E_FAIL;
-#define MATCH_NAME(i) (al_string_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(i) (alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0 ||        \
+                       alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->endpoint_guid, deviceName) == 0)
             VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_NAME);
-            if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices))
+#undef MATCH_NAME
+            if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices))
+            {
+                int len;
+                if((len=MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, deviceName, -1, NULL, 0)) > 0)
+                {
+                    WCHAR *wname = calloc(sizeof(WCHAR), len);
+                    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, deviceName, -1, wname, len);
+#define MATCH_NAME(i) (wcscmp((i)->devid, wname) == 0)
+                    VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_NAME);
+#undef MATCH_NAME
+                    free(wname);
+                }
+            }
+            if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices))
                 WARN("Failed to find device name matching \"%s\"\n", deviceName);
             else
             {
                 ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
                 self->devid = strdupW(iter->devid);
-                al_string_copy(&device->DeviceName, iter->name);
+                alstr_copy(&device->DeviceName, iter->name);
                 hr = S_OK;
             }
-#undef MATCH_NAME
         }
     }
 
@@ -707,7 +790,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCmmdevPlayback_open(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, const ALCchar *devi
         ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
 
         hr = E_FAIL;
-        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_OpenDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_OpenDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
             hr = WaitForResponse(&req);
         else
             ERR("Failed to post thread message: %lu\n", GetLastError());
@@ -732,7 +815,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCmmdevPlayback_open(ALCmmdevPlayback *self, const ALCchar *devi
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_openProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiPlayback_openProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     void *ptr;
@@ -754,11 +837,8 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_openProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
         self->client = ptr;
-        if(al_string_empty(device->DeviceName))
-        {
-            get_device_name(self->mmdev, &device->DeviceName);
-            al_string_append_cstr(&device->DeviceName, DEVNAME_TAIL);
-        }
+        if(alstr_empty(device->DeviceName))
+            get_device_name_and_guid(self->mmdev, &device->DeviceName, NULL);
     }
 
     if(FAILED(hr))
@@ -772,24 +852,7 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_openProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
 }
 
 
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_close(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
-{
-    ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
-
-    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_CloseDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
-        (void)WaitForResponse(&req);
-
-    CloseHandle(self->MsgEvent);
-    self->MsgEvent = NULL;
-
-    CloseHandle(self->NotifyEvent);
-    self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
-
-    free(self->devid);
-    self->devid = NULL;
-}
-
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_closeProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_closeProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     if(self->client)
         IAudioClient_Release(self->client);
@@ -801,18 +864,18 @@ static void ALCmmdevPlayback_closeProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
 }
 
 
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevPlayback_reset(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiPlayback_reset(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
     HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
 
-    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_ResetDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_ResetDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
         hr = WaitForResponse(&req);
 
     return SUCCEEDED(hr) ? ALC_TRUE : ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_resetProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiPlayback_resetProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     EndpointFormFactor formfactor = UnknownFormFactor;
@@ -850,8 +913,8 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_resetProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
     CoTaskMemFree(wfx);
     wfx = NULL;
 
-    buf_time = ((REFERENCE_TIME)device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates*10000000 +
-                                device->Frequency-1) / device->Frequency;
+    buf_time = ScaleCeil(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates, REFTIME_PER_SEC,
+                         device->Frequency);
 
     if(!(device->Flags&DEVICE_FREQUENCY_REQUEST))
         device->Frequency = OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
@@ -881,7 +944,7 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_resetProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
             OutputType.Format.nChannels = 1;
             OutputType.dwChannelMask = MONO;
             break;
-        case DevFmtBFormat3D:
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
             device->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
             /*fall-through*/
         case DevFmtStereo:
@@ -1022,7 +1085,9 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_resetProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
         OutputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample;
     }
     get_device_formfactor(self->mmdev, &formfactor);
-    device->IsHeadphones = (device->FmtChans == DevFmtStereo && formfactor == Headphones);
+    device->IsHeadphones = (device->FmtChans == DevFmtStereo &&
+                            (formfactor == Headphones || formfactor == Headset)
+                           );
 
     SetDefaultWFXChannelOrder(device);
 
@@ -1038,7 +1103,7 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_resetProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
     hr = IAudioClient_GetDevicePeriod(self->client, &min_per, NULL);
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
-        min_len = (UINT32)((min_per*device->Frequency + 10000000-1) / 10000000);
+        min_len = (UINT32)ScaleCeil(min_per, device->Frequency, REFTIME_PER_SEC);
         /* Find the nearest multiple of the period size to the update size */
         if(min_len < device->UpdateSize)
             min_len *= (device->UpdateSize + min_len/2)/min_len;
@@ -1070,18 +1135,18 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_resetProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
 }
 
 
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevPlayback_start(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiPlayback_start(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
     HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
 
-    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StartDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StartDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
         hr = WaitForResponse(&req);
 
     return SUCCEEDED(hr) ? ALC_TRUE : ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_startProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiPlayback_startProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     HRESULT hr;
     void *ptr;
@@ -1096,8 +1161,8 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_startProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
         self->render = ptr;
-        self->killNow = 0;
-        if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCmmdevPlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
+        ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, 0, almemory_order_release);
+        if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCwasapiPlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
         {
             if(self->render)
                 IAudioRenderClient_Release(self->render);
@@ -1112,21 +1177,21 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevPlayback_startProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
 }
 
 
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_stop(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_stop(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
-    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StopDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StopDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
         (void)WaitForResponse(&req);
 }
 
-static void ALCmmdevPlayback_stopProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static void ALCwasapiPlayback_stopProxy(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     int res;
 
     if(!self->render)
         return;
 
-    self->killNow = 1;
+    ATOMIC_STORE_SEQ(&self->killNow, 1);
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
     IAudioRenderClient_Release(self->render);
@@ -1135,16 +1200,24 @@ static void ALCmmdevPlayback_stopProxy(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
 }
 
 
-static ALint64 ALCmmdevPlayback_getLatency(ALCmmdevPlayback *self)
+static ClockLatency ALCwasapiPlayback_getClockLatency(ALCwasapiPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    return (ALint64)self->Padding * 1000000000 / device->Frequency;
+    ClockLatency ret;
+
+    ALCwasapiPlayback_lock(self);
+    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(device);
+    ret.Latency = ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->Padding, almemory_order_relaxed) * DEVICE_CLOCK_RES /
+                  device->Frequency;
+    ALCwasapiPlayback_unlock(self);
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
 
-typedef struct ALCmmdevCapture {
+typedef struct ALCwasapiCapture {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackend);
-    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCmmdevProxy);
+    DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCwasapiProxy);
 
     WCHAR *devid;
 
@@ -1155,43 +1228,44 @@ typedef struct ALCmmdevCapture {
 
     HANDLE MsgEvent;
 
+    ChannelConverter *ChannelConv;
+    SampleConverter *SampleConv;
     ll_ringbuffer_t *Ring;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(int) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
-} ALCmmdevCapture;
-
-static int ALCmmdevCapture_recordProc(void *arg);
-
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_Construct(ALCmmdevCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_Destruct(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_open(ALCmmdevCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_openProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_close(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_closeProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCmmdevCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_resetProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevCapture_start(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_startProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_stop(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_stopProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_captureSamples(ALCmmdevCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
-static ALuint ALCmmdevCapture_availableSamples(ALCmmdevCapture *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCmmdevCapture, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCmmdevCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCmmdevCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
-DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCmmdevCapture)
-
-DEFINE_ALCMMDEVPROXY_VTABLE(ALCmmdevCapture);
-DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCmmdevCapture);
-
-
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_Construct(ALCmmdevCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
+} ALCwasapiCapture;
+
+static int ALCwasapiCapture_recordProc(void *arg);
+
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_Construct(ALCwasapiCapture *self, ALCdevice *device);
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_Destruct(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static ALCenum ALCwasapiCapture_open(ALCwasapiCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiCapture_openProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_closeProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwasapiCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiCapture_resetProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiCapture_start(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiCapture_startProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_stop(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_stopProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static ALCenum ALCwasapiCapture_captureSamples(ALCwasapiCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
+static ALuint ALCwasapiCapture_availableSamples(ALCwasapiCapture *self);
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwasapiCapture, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwasapiCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwasapiCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
+DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCwasapiCapture)
+
+DEFINE_ALCWASAPIPROXY_VTABLE(ALCwasapiCapture);
+DEFINE_ALCBACKEND_VTABLE(ALCwasapiCapture);
+
+
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_Construct(ALCwasapiCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
 {
-    SET_VTABLE2(ALCmmdevCapture, ALCbackend, self);
-    SET_VTABLE2(ALCmmdevCapture, ALCmmdevProxy, self);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCwasapiCapture, ALCbackend, self);
+    SET_VTABLE2(ALCwasapiCapture, ALCwasapiProxy, self);
     ALCbackend_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self), device);
-    ALCmmdevProxy_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self));
+    ALCwasapiProxy_Construct(STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self));
 
     self->devid = NULL;
 
@@ -1202,50 +1276,64 @@ static void ALCmmdevCapture_Construct(ALCmmdevCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
 
     self->MsgEvent = NULL;
 
+    self->ChannelConv = NULL;
+    self->SampleConv = NULL;
     self->Ring = NULL;
 
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, 0);
 }
 
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_Destruct(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_Destruct(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
-    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
-    self->Ring = NULL;
+    if(self->MsgEvent)
+    {
+        ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
+        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_CloseDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
+            (void)WaitForResponse(&req);
+
+        CloseHandle(self->MsgEvent);
+        self->MsgEvent = NULL;
+    }
 
     if(self->NotifyEvent != NULL)
         CloseHandle(self->NotifyEvent);
     self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
-    if(self->MsgEvent != NULL)
-        CloseHandle(self->MsgEvent);
-    self->MsgEvent = NULL;
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
+    self->Ring = NULL;
+
+    DestroySampleConverter(&self->SampleConv);
+    DestroyChannelConverter(&self->ChannelConv);
 
     free(self->devid);
     self->devid = NULL;
 
-    ALCmmdevProxy_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self));
+    ALCwasapiProxy_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self));
     ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
 }
 
 
-FORCE_ALIGN int ALCmmdevCapture_recordProc(void *arg)
+FORCE_ALIGN int ALCwasapiCapture_recordProc(void *arg)
 {
-    ALCmmdevCapture *self = arg;
+    ALCwasapiCapture *self = arg;
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
+    ALfloat *samples = NULL;
+    size_t samplesmax = 0;
     HRESULT hr;
 
-    hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
+    hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
     if(FAILED(hr))
     {
-        ERR("CoInitialize(NULL) failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
+        ERR("CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED) failed: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
         V0(device->Backend,lock)();
-        aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+        aluHandleDisconnect(device, "COM init failed: 0x%08lx", hr);
         V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
         return 1;
     }
 
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), RECORD_THREAD_NAME);
 
-    while(!self->killNow)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_relaxed))
     {
         UINT32 avail;
         DWORD res;
@@ -1253,39 +1341,81 @@ FORCE_ALIGN int ALCmmdevCapture_recordProc(void *arg)
         hr = IAudioCaptureClient_GetNextPacketSize(self->capture, &avail);
         if(FAILED(hr))
             ERR("Failed to get next packet size: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
-        else while(avail > 0 && SUCCEEDED(hr))
+        else if(avail > 0)
         {
             UINT32 numsamples;
             DWORD flags;
-            BYTE *data;
+            BYTE *rdata;
 
             hr = IAudioCaptureClient_GetBuffer(self->capture,
-                &data, &numsamples, &flags, NULL, NULL
+                &rdata, &numsamples, &flags, NULL, NULL
             );
             if(FAILED(hr))
-            {
                 ERR("Failed to get capture buffer: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            ll_ringbuffer_write(self->Ring, (char*)data, numsamples);
-
-            hr = IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(self->capture, numsamples);
-            if(FAILED(hr))
+            else
             {
-                ERR("Failed to release capture buffer: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
-                break;
+                ll_ringbuffer_data_t data[2];
+                size_t dstframes = 0;
+
+                if(self->ChannelConv)
+                {
+                    if(samplesmax < numsamples)
+                    {
+                        size_t newmax = RoundUp(numsamples, 4096);
+                        ALfloat *tmp = al_calloc(DEF_ALIGN, newmax*2*sizeof(ALfloat));
+                        al_free(samples);
+                        samples = tmp;
+                        samplesmax = newmax;
+                    }
+                    ChannelConverterInput(self->ChannelConv, rdata, samples, numsamples);
+                    rdata = (BYTE*)samples;
+                }
+
+                ll_ringbuffer_get_write_vector(self->Ring, data);
+
+                if(self->SampleConv)
+                {
+                    const ALvoid *srcdata = rdata;
+                    ALsizei srcframes = numsamples;
+
+                    dstframes = SampleConverterInput(self->SampleConv,
+                        &srcdata, &srcframes, data[0].buf, (ALsizei)minz(data[0].len, INT_MAX)
+                    );
+                    if(srcframes > 0 && dstframes == data[0].len && data[1].len > 0)
+                    {
+                        /* If some source samples remain, all of the first dest
+                         * block was filled, and there's space in the second
+                         * dest block, do another run for the second block.
+                         */
+                        dstframes += SampleConverterInput(self->SampleConv,
+                            &srcdata, &srcframes, data[1].buf, (ALsizei)minz(data[1].len, INT_MAX)
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    ALuint framesize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType,
+                                                           device->AmbiOrder);
+                    size_t len1 = minz(data[0].len, numsamples);
+                    size_t len2 = minz(data[1].len, numsamples-len1);
+
+                    memcpy(data[0].buf, rdata, len1*framesize);
+                    if(len2 > 0)
+                        memcpy(data[1].buf, rdata+len1*framesize, len2*framesize);
+                    dstframes = len1 + len2;
+                }
+
+                ll_ringbuffer_write_advance(self->Ring, dstframes);
+
+                hr = IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(self->capture, numsamples);
+                if(FAILED(hr)) ERR("Failed to release capture buffer: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
             }
-
-            hr = IAudioCaptureClient_GetNextPacketSize(self->capture, &avail);
-            if(FAILED(hr))
-                ERR("Failed to get next packet size: 0x%08lx\n", hr);
         }
 
         if(FAILED(hr))
         {
             V0(device->Backend,lock)();
-            aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+            aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to capture samples: 0x%08lx", hr);
             V0(device->Backend,unlock)();
             break;
         }
@@ -1295,17 +1425,21 @@ FORCE_ALIGN int ALCmmdevCapture_recordProc(void *arg)
             ERR("WaitForSingleObjectEx error: 0x%lx\n", res);
     }
 
+    al_free(samples);
+    samples = NULL;
+    samplesmax = 0;
+
     CoUninitialize();
     return 0;
 }
 
 
-static ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_open(ALCmmdevCapture *self, const ALCchar *deviceName)
+static ALCenum ALCwasapiCapture_open(ALCwasapiCapture *self, const ALCchar *deviceName)
 {
     HRESULT hr = S_OK;
 
-    self->NotifyEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
-    self->MsgEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+    self->NotifyEvent = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+    self->MsgEvent = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
     if(self->NotifyEvent == NULL || self->MsgEvent == NULL)
     {
         ERR("Failed to create message events: %lu\n", GetLastError());
@@ -1326,18 +1460,32 @@ static ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_open(ALCmmdevCapture *self, const ALCchar *device
             }
 
             hr = E_FAIL;
-#define MATCH_NAME(i) (al_string_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0)
+#define MATCH_NAME(i) (alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->name, deviceName) == 0 ||        \
+                       alstr_cmp_cstr((i)->endpoint_guid, deviceName) == 0)
             VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureDevices, MATCH_NAME);
-            if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices))
+#undef MATCH_NAME
+            if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices))
+            {
+                int len;
+                if((len=MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, deviceName, -1, NULL, 0)) > 0)
+                {
+                    WCHAR *wname = calloc(sizeof(WCHAR), len);
+                    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, deviceName, -1, wname, len);
+#define MATCH_NAME(i) (wcscmp((i)->devid, wname) == 0)
+                    VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const DevMap, CaptureDevices, MATCH_NAME);
+#undef MATCH_NAME
+                    free(wname);
+                }
+            }
+            if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices))
                 WARN("Failed to find device name matching \"%s\"\n", deviceName);
             else
             {
                 ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend,self)->mDevice;
                 self->devid = strdupW(iter->devid);
-                al_string_copy(&device->DeviceName, iter->name);
+                alstr_copy(&device->DeviceName, iter->name);
                 hr = S_OK;
             }
-#undef MATCH_NAME
         }
     }
 
@@ -1346,7 +1494,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_open(ALCmmdevCapture *self, const ALCchar *device
         ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
 
         hr = E_FAIL;
-        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_OpenDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_OpenDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
             hr = WaitForResponse(&req);
         else
             ERR("Failed to post thread message: %lu\n", GetLastError());
@@ -1372,14 +1520,13 @@ static ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_open(ALCmmdevCapture *self, const ALCchar *device
         ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
 
         hr = E_FAIL;
-        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_ResetDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+        if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_ResetDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
             hr = WaitForResponse(&req);
         else
             ERR("Failed to post thread message: %lu\n", GetLastError());
 
         if(FAILED(hr))
         {
-            ALCmmdevCapture_close(self);
             if(hr == E_OUTOFMEMORY)
                return ALC_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
             return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
@@ -1389,7 +1536,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_open(ALCmmdevCapture *self, const ALCchar *device
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_openProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiCapture_openProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     void *ptr;
@@ -1411,11 +1558,8 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_openProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
         self->client = ptr;
-        if(al_string_empty(device->DeviceName))
-        {
-            get_device_name(self->mmdev, &device->DeviceName);
-            al_string_append_cstr(&device->DeviceName, DEVNAME_TAIL);
-        }
+        if(alstr_empty(device->DeviceName))
+            get_device_name_and_guid(self->mmdev, &device->DeviceName, NULL);
     }
 
     if(FAILED(hr))
@@ -1429,27 +1573,7 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_openProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
 }
 
 
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_close(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
-{
-    ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
-
-    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_CloseDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
-        (void)WaitForResponse(&req);
-
-    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
-    self->Ring = NULL;
-
-    CloseHandle(self->MsgEvent);
-    self->MsgEvent = NULL;
-
-    CloseHandle(self->NotifyEvent);
-    self->NotifyEvent = NULL;
-
-    free(self->devid);
-    self->devid = NULL;
-}
-
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_closeProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_closeProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     if(self->client)
         IAudioClient_Release(self->client);
@@ -1461,11 +1585,12 @@ static void ALCmmdevCapture_closeProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
 }
 
 
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_resetProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiCapture_resetProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
     WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE OutputType;
     WAVEFORMATEX *wfx = NULL;
+    enum DevFmtType srcType;
     REFERENCE_TIME buf_time;
     UINT32 buffer_len;
     void *ptr = NULL;
@@ -1483,8 +1608,12 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_resetProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
     }
     self->client = ptr;
 
-    buf_time = ((REFERENCE_TIME)device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates*10000000 +
-                                device->Frequency-1) / device->Frequency;
+    buf_time = ScaleCeil(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates, REFTIME_PER_SEC,
+                         device->Frequency);
+    // Make sure buffer is at least 100ms in size
+    buf_time = maxu64(buf_time, REFTIME_PER_SEC/10);
+    device->UpdateSize = (ALuint)ScaleCeil(buf_time, device->Frequency, REFTIME_PER_SEC) /
+                         device->NumUpdates;
 
     OutputType.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE;
     switch(device->FmtChans)
@@ -1518,38 +1647,33 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_resetProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
             OutputType.dwChannelMask = X7DOT1;
             break;
 
-        case DevFmtBFormat3D:
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
             return E_FAIL;
     }
     switch(device->FmtType)
     {
+        /* NOTE: Signedness doesn't matter, the converter will handle it. */
+        case DevFmtByte:
         case DevFmtUByte:
             OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample = 8;
-            OutputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = 8;
             OutputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
             break;
         case DevFmtShort:
+        case DevFmtUShort:
             OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample = 16;
-            OutputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = 16;
             OutputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
             break;
         case DevFmtInt:
+        case DevFmtUInt:
             OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample = 32;
-            OutputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = 32;
             OutputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
             break;
         case DevFmtFloat:
             OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample = 32;
-            OutputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = 32;
             OutputType.SubFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT;
             break;
-
-        case DevFmtByte:
-        case DevFmtUShort:
-        case DevFmtUInt:
-            WARN("%s capture samples not supported\n", DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType));
-            return E_FAIL;
     }
+    OutputType.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample;
     OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec = device->Frequency;
 
     OutputType.Format.nBlockAlign = OutputType.Format.nChannels *
@@ -1567,26 +1691,107 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_resetProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
         return hr;
     }
 
-    /* FIXME: We should do conversion/resampling if we didn't get a matching format. */
-    if(wfx->nSamplesPerSec != OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec ||
-       wfx->wBitsPerSample != OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample ||
-       wfx->nChannels != OutputType.Format.nChannels ||
-       wfx->nBlockAlign != OutputType.Format.nBlockAlign)
+    DestroySampleConverter(&self->SampleConv);
+    DestroyChannelConverter(&self->ChannelConv);
+
+    if(wfx != NULL)
     {
-        ERR("Did not get matching format, wanted: %s %s %uhz, got: %d channel(s) %d-bit %luhz\n",
-            DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans), DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType), device->Frequency,
-            wfx->nChannels, wfx->wBitsPerSample, wfx->nSamplesPerSec);
+        if(!(wfx->nChannels == OutputType.Format.nChannels ||
+             (wfx->nChannels == 1 && OutputType.Format.nChannels == 2) ||
+             (wfx->nChannels == 2 && OutputType.Format.nChannels == 1)))
+        {
+            ERR("Failed to get matching format, wanted: %s %s %uhz, got: %d channel%s %d-bit %luhz\n",
+                DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans), DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType),
+                device->Frequency, wfx->nChannels, (wfx->nChannels==1)?"":"s", wfx->wBitsPerSample,
+                wfx->nSamplesPerSec);
+            CoTaskMemFree(wfx);
+            return E_FAIL;
+        }
+
+        if(!MakeExtensible(&OutputType, wfx))
+        {
+            CoTaskMemFree(wfx);
+            return E_FAIL;
+        }
         CoTaskMemFree(wfx);
-        return E_FAIL;
+        wfx = NULL;
     }
 
-    if(!MakeExtensible(&OutputType, wfx))
+    if(IsEqualGUID(&OutputType.SubFormat, &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM))
     {
-        CoTaskMemFree(wfx);
+        if(OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample == 8)
+            srcType = DevFmtUByte;
+        else if(OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample == 16)
+            srcType = DevFmtShort;
+        else if(OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample == 32)
+            srcType = DevFmtInt;
+        else
+        {
+            ERR("Unhandled integer bit depth: %d\n", OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample);
+            return E_FAIL;
+        }
+    }
+    else if(IsEqualGUID(&OutputType.SubFormat, &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT))
+    {
+        if(OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample == 32)
+            srcType = DevFmtFloat;
+        else
+        {
+            ERR("Unhandled float bit depth: %d\n", OutputType.Format.wBitsPerSample);
+            return E_FAIL;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ERR("Unhandled format sub-type\n");
         return E_FAIL;
     }
-    CoTaskMemFree(wfx);
-    wfx = NULL;
+
+    if(device->FmtChans == DevFmtMono && OutputType.Format.nChannels == 2)
+    {
+        self->ChannelConv = CreateChannelConverter(srcType, DevFmtStereo,
+                                                   device->FmtChans);
+        if(!self->ChannelConv)
+        {
+            ERR("Failed to create %s stereo-to-mono converter\n", DevFmtTypeString(srcType));
+            return E_FAIL;
+        }
+        TRACE("Created %s stereo-to-mono converter\n", DevFmtTypeString(srcType));
+        /* The channel converter always outputs float, so change the input type
+         * for the resampler/type-converter.
+         */
+        srcType = DevFmtFloat;
+    }
+    else if(device->FmtChans == DevFmtStereo && OutputType.Format.nChannels == 1)
+    {
+        self->ChannelConv = CreateChannelConverter(srcType, DevFmtMono,
+                                                   device->FmtChans);
+        if(!self->ChannelConv)
+        {
+            ERR("Failed to create %s mono-to-stereo converter\n", DevFmtTypeString(srcType));
+            return E_FAIL;
+        }
+        TRACE("Created %s mono-to-stereo converter\n", DevFmtTypeString(srcType));
+        srcType = DevFmtFloat;
+    }
+
+    if(device->Frequency != OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec || device->FmtType != srcType)
+    {
+        self->SampleConv = CreateSampleConverter(
+            srcType, device->FmtType, ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder),
+            OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec, device->Frequency
+        );
+        if(!self->SampleConv)
+        {
+            ERR("Failed to create converter for %s format, dst: %s %uhz, src: %s %luhz\n",
+                DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans), DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType),
+                device->Frequency, DevFmtTypeString(srcType), OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+            return E_FAIL;
+        }
+        TRACE("Created converter for %s format, dst: %s %uhz, src: %s %luhz\n",
+              DevFmtChannelsString(device->FmtChans), DevFmtTypeString(device->FmtType),
+              device->Frequency, DevFmtTypeString(srcType), OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+    }
 
     hr = IAudioClient_Initialize(self->client,
         AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED, AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK,
@@ -1605,9 +1810,12 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_resetProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
         return hr;
     }
 
-    buffer_len = maxu(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates + 1, buffer_len);
+    buffer_len = maxu(device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates, buffer_len);
     ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
-    self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(buffer_len, OutputType.Format.nBlockAlign);
+    self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(buffer_len,
+        FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder),
+        false
+    );
     if(!self->Ring)
     {
         ERR("Failed to allocate capture ring buffer\n");
@@ -1625,18 +1833,18 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_resetProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
 }
 
 
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevCapture_start(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiCapture_start(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
     HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
 
-    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StartDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StartDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
         hr = WaitForResponse(&req);
 
     return SUCCEEDED(hr) ? ALC_TRUE : ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_startProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static HRESULT ALCwasapiCapture_startProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     HRESULT hr;
     void *ptr;
@@ -1653,8 +1861,8 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_startProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
         self->capture = ptr;
-        self->killNow = 0;
-        if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCmmdevCapture_recordProc, self) != althrd_success)
+        ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, 0, almemory_order_release);
+        if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCwasapiCapture_recordProc, self) != althrd_success)
         {
             ERR("Failed to start thread\n");
             IAudioCaptureClient_Release(self->capture);
@@ -1673,21 +1881,21 @@ static HRESULT ALCmmdevCapture_startProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
 }
 
 
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_stop(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_stop(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     ThreadRequest req = { self->MsgEvent, 0 };
-    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StopDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCmmdevProxy, self)))
+    if(PostThreadMessage(ThreadID, WM_USER_StopDevice, (WPARAM)&req, (LPARAM)STATIC_CAST(ALCwasapiProxy, self)))
         (void)WaitForResponse(&req);
 }
 
-static void ALCmmdevCapture_stopProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+static void ALCwasapiCapture_stopProxy(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     int res;
 
     if(!self->capture)
         return;
 
-    self->killNow = 1;
+    ATOMIC_STORE_SEQ(&self->killNow, 1);
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
     IAudioCaptureClient_Release(self->capture);
@@ -1697,72 +1905,62 @@ static void ALCmmdevCapture_stopProxy(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
 }
 
 
-ALuint ALCmmdevCapture_availableSamples(ALCmmdevCapture *self)
+ALuint ALCwasapiCapture_availableSamples(ALCwasapiCapture *self)
 {
     return (ALuint)ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->Ring);
 }
 
-ALCenum ALCmmdevCapture_captureSamples(ALCmmdevCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
+ALCenum ALCwasapiCapture_captureSamples(ALCwasapiCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
 {
-    if(ALCmmdevCapture_availableSamples(self) < samples)
+    if(ALCwasapiCapture_availableSamples(self) < samples)
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
     ll_ringbuffer_read(self->Ring, buffer, samples);
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
 
-static inline void AppendAllDevicesList2(const DevMap *entry)
-{ AppendAllDevicesList(al_string_get_cstr(entry->name)); }
-static inline void AppendCaptureDeviceList2(const DevMap *entry)
-{ AppendCaptureDeviceList(al_string_get_cstr(entry->name)); }
-
-typedef struct ALCmmdevBackendFactory {
+typedef struct ALCwasapiBackendFactory {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
-} ALCmmdevBackendFactory;
-#define ALCMMDEVBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER { { GET_VTABLE2(ALCmmdevBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory) } }
+} ALCwasapiBackendFactory;
+#define ALCWASAPIBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER { { GET_VTABLE2(ALCwasapiBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory) } }
 
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevBackendFactory_init(ALCmmdevBackendFactory *self);
-static void ALCmmdevBackendFactory_deinit(ALCmmdevBackendFactory *self);
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCmmdevBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCmmdevBackendFactory_probe(ALCmmdevBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
-static ALCbackend* ALCmmdevBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCmmdevBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiBackendFactory_init(ALCwasapiBackendFactory *self);
+static void ALCwasapiBackendFactory_deinit(ALCwasapiBackendFactory *self);
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCwasapiBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
+static void ALCwasapiBackendFactory_probe(ALCwasapiBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
+static ALCbackend* ALCwasapiBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCwasapiBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 
-DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCmmdevBackendFactory);
+DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCwasapiBackendFactory);
 
 
-static BOOL MMDevApiLoad(void)
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiBackendFactory_init(ALCwasapiBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
     static HRESULT InitResult;
+
+    VECTOR_INIT(PlaybackDevices);
+    VECTOR_INIT(CaptureDevices);
+
     if(!ThreadHdl)
     {
         ThreadRequest req;
         InitResult = E_FAIL;
 
-        req.FinishedEvt = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+        req.FinishedEvt = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
         if(req.FinishedEvt == NULL)
             ERR("Failed to create event: %lu\n", GetLastError());
         else
         {
-            ThreadHdl = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ALCmmdevProxy_messageHandler, &req, 0, &ThreadID);
+            ThreadHdl = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ALCwasapiProxy_messageHandler, &req, 0, &ThreadID);
             if(ThreadHdl != NULL)
                 InitResult = WaitForResponse(&req);
             CloseHandle(req.FinishedEvt);
         }
     }
-    return SUCCEEDED(InitResult);
-}
 
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevBackendFactory_init(ALCmmdevBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
-{
-    VECTOR_INIT(PlaybackDevices);
-    VECTOR_INIT(CaptureDevices);
-
-    if(!MMDevApiLoad())
-        return ALC_FALSE;
-    return ALC_TRUE;
+    return SUCCEEDED(InitResult) ? ALC_TRUE : ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCmmdevBackendFactory_deinit(ALCmmdevBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
+static void ALCwasapiBackendFactory_deinit(ALCwasapiBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
 {
     clear_devlist(&PlaybackDevices);
     VECTOR_DEINIT(PlaybackDevices);
@@ -1779,23 +1977,18 @@ static void ALCmmdevBackendFactory_deinit(ALCmmdevBackendFactory* UNUSED(self))
     }
 }
 
-static ALCboolean ALCmmdevBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCmmdevBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
+static ALCboolean ALCwasapiBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCwasapiBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCbackend_Type type)
 {
-    /* TODO: Disable capture with mmdevapi for now, since it doesn't do any
-     * rechanneling or resampling; if the device is configured for 48000hz
-     * stereo input, for example, and the app asks for 22050hz mono,
-     * initialization will fail.
-     */
-    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback /*|| type == ALCbackend_Capture*/)
+    if(type == ALCbackend_Playback || type == ALCbackend_Capture)
         return ALC_TRUE;
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCmmdevBackendFactory_probe(ALCmmdevBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCwasapiBackendFactory_probe(ALCwasapiBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     ThreadRequest req = { NULL, 0 };
 
-    req.FinishedEvt = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+    req.FinishedEvt = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
     if(req.FinishedEvt == NULL)
         ERR("Failed to create event: %lu\n", GetLastError());
     else
@@ -1805,32 +1998,38 @@ static void ALCmmdevBackendFactory_probe(ALCmmdevBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), e
             hr = WaitForResponse(&req);
         if(SUCCEEDED(hr)) switch(type)
         {
+#define APPEND_OUTNAME(e) do {                                                \
+    if(!alstr_empty((e)->name))                                               \
+        alstr_append_range(outnames, VECTOR_BEGIN((e)->name),                 \
+                           VECTOR_END((e)->name)+1);                          \
+} while(0)
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, AppendAllDevicesList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, PlaybackDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, AppendCaptureDeviceList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const DevMap, CaptureDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
+#undef APPEND_OUTNAME
         }
         CloseHandle(req.FinishedEvt);
         req.FinishedEvt = NULL;
     }
 }
 
-static ALCbackend* ALCmmdevBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCmmdevBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type)
+static ALCbackend* ALCwasapiBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCwasapiBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type)
 {
     if(type == ALCbackend_Playback)
     {
-        ALCmmdevPlayback *backend;
-        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCmmdevPlayback)(device);
+        ALCwasapiPlayback *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCwasapiPlayback)(device);
         if(!backend) return NULL;
         return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
     }
     if(type == ALCbackend_Capture)
     {
-        ALCmmdevCapture *backend;
-        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCmmdevCapture)(device);
+        ALCwasapiCapture *backend;
+        NEW_OBJ(backend, ALCwasapiCapture)(device);
         if(!backend) return NULL;
         return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, backend);
     }
@@ -1839,8 +2038,8 @@ static ALCbackend* ALCmmdevBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCmmdevBackendFactory*
 }
 
 
-ALCbackendFactory *ALCmmdevBackendFactory_getFactory(void)
+ALCbackendFactory *ALCwasapiBackendFactory_getFactory(void)
 {
-    static ALCmmdevBackendFactory factory = ALCMMDEVBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER;
+    static ALCwasapiBackendFactory factory = ALCWASAPIBACKENDFACTORY_INITIALIZER;
     return STATIC_CAST(ALCbackendFactory, &factory);
 }
diff --git a/Alc/backends/wave.c b/Alc/backends/wave.c
index 6b47c611..390b2a5f 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/wave.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/wave.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "alconfig.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
@@ -56,16 +57,14 @@ static const ALubyte SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_FLOAT[] = {
 
 static void fwrite16le(ALushort val, FILE *f)
 {
-    fputc(val&0xff, f);
-    fputc((val>>8)&0xff, f);
+    ALubyte data[2] = { val&0xff, (val>>8)&0xff };
+    fwrite(data, 1, 2, f);
 }
 
 static void fwrite32le(ALuint val, FILE *f)
 {
-    fputc(val&0xff, f);
-    fputc((val>>8)&0xff, f);
-    fputc((val>>16)&0xff, f);
-    fputc((val>>24)&0xff, f);
+    ALubyte data[4] = { val&0xff, (val>>8)&0xff, (val>>16)&0xff, (val>>24)&0xff };
+    fwrite(data, 1, 4, f);
 }
 
 
@@ -78,22 +77,21 @@ typedef struct ALCwaveBackend {
     ALvoid *mBuffer;
     ALuint mSize;
 
-    volatile int killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCwaveBackend;
 
 static int ALCwaveBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr);
 
 static void ALCwaveBackend_Construct(ALCwaveBackend *self, ALCdevice *device);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwaveBackend, ALCbackend, void, Destruct)
+static void ALCwaveBackend_Destruct(ALCwaveBackend *self);
 static ALCenum ALCwaveBackend_open(ALCwaveBackend *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCwaveBackend_close(ALCwaveBackend *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_reset(ALCwaveBackend *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_start(ALCwaveBackend *self);
 static void ALCwaveBackend_stop(ALCwaveBackend *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCwaveBackend, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, void*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwaveBackend, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwaveBackend, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwaveBackend, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwaveBackend, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwaveBackend, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCwaveBackend)
@@ -112,9 +110,17 @@ static void ALCwaveBackend_Construct(ALCwaveBackend *self, ALCdevice *device)
     self->mBuffer = NULL;
     self->mSize = 0;
 
-    self->killNow = 1;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
 }
 
+static void ALCwaveBackend_Destruct(ALCwaveBackend *self)
+{
+    if(self->mFile)
+        fclose(self->mFile);
+    self->mFile = NULL;
+
+    ALCbackend_Destruct(STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self));
+}
 
 static int ALCwaveBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr)
 {
@@ -129,7 +135,7 @@ static int ALCwaveBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr)
 
     althrd_setname(althrd_current(), MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
 
-    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    frameSize = FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
     done = 0;
     if(altimespec_get(&start, AL_TIME_UTC) != AL_TIME_UTC)
@@ -137,7 +143,8 @@ static int ALCwaveBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr)
         ERR("Failed to get starting time\n");
         return 1;
     }
-    while(!self->killNow && device->Connected)
+    while(!ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire) &&
+          ATOMIC_LOAD(&device->Connected, almemory_order_acquire))
     {
         if(altimespec_get(&now, AL_TIME_UTC) != AL_TIME_UTC)
         {
@@ -159,42 +166,46 @@ static int ALCwaveBackend_mixerProc(void *ptr)
             al_nssleep(restTime);
         else while(avail-done >= device->UpdateSize)
         {
+            ALCwaveBackend_lock(self);
             aluMixData(device, self->mBuffer, device->UpdateSize);
+            ALCwaveBackend_unlock(self);
             done += device->UpdateSize;
 
             if(!IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
             {
                 ALuint bytesize = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType);
-                ALubyte *bytes = self->mBuffer;
                 ALuint i;
 
-                if(bytesize == 1)
-                {
-                    for(i = 0;i < self->mSize;i++)
-                        fputc(bytes[i], self->mFile);
-                }
-                else if(bytesize == 2)
+                if(bytesize == 2)
                 {
-                    for(i = 0;i < self->mSize;i++)
-                        fputc(bytes[i^1], self->mFile);
+                    ALushort *samples = self->mBuffer;
+                    ALuint len = self->mSize / 2;
+                    for(i = 0;i < len;i++)
+                    {
+                        ALushort samp = samples[i];
+                        samples[i] = (samp>>8) | (samp<<8);
+                    }
                 }
                 else if(bytesize == 4)
                 {
-                    for(i = 0;i < self->mSize;i++)
-                        fputc(bytes[i^3], self->mFile);
+                    ALuint *samples = self->mBuffer;
+                    ALuint len = self->mSize / 4;
+                    for(i = 0;i < len;i++)
+                    {
+                        ALuint samp = samples[i];
+                        samples[i] = (samp>>24) | ((samp>>8)&0x0000ff00) |
+                                     ((samp<<8)&0x00ff0000) | (samp<<24);
+                    }
                 }
             }
-            else
-            {
-                fs = fwrite(self->mBuffer, frameSize, device->UpdateSize,
-                            self->mFile);
-                (void)fs;
-            }
+
+            fs = fwrite(self->mBuffer, frameSize, device->UpdateSize, self->mFile);
+            (void)fs;
             if(ferror(self->mFile))
             {
                 ERR("Error writing to file\n");
                 ALCdevice_Lock(device);
-                aluHandleDisconnect(device);
+                aluHandleDisconnect(device, "Failed to write playback samples");
                 ALCdevice_Unlock(device);
                 break;
             }
@@ -226,18 +237,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCwaveBackend_open(ALCwaveBackend *self, const ALCchar *name)
     }
 
     device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
-    al_string_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
+    alstr_copy_cstr(&device->DeviceName, name);
 
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-static void ALCwaveBackend_close(ALCwaveBackend *self)
-{
-    if(self->mFile)
-        fclose(self->mFile);
-    self->mFile = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_reset(ALCwaveBackend *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
@@ -249,7 +253,10 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_reset(ALCwaveBackend *self)
     clearerr(self->mFile);
 
     if(GetConfigValueBool(NULL, "wave", "bformat", 0))
-        device->FmtChans = DevFmtBFormat3D;
+    {
+        device->FmtChans = DevFmtAmbi3D;
+        device->AmbiOrder = 1;
+    }
 
     switch(device->FmtType)
     {
@@ -277,20 +284,23 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_reset(ALCwaveBackend *self)
         case DevFmtX51Rear: chanmask = 0x01 | 0x02 | 0x04 | 0x08 | 0x010 | 0x020; break;
         case DevFmtX61: chanmask = 0x01 | 0x02 | 0x04 | 0x08 | 0x100 | 0x200 | 0x400; break;
         case DevFmtX71: chanmask = 0x01 | 0x02 | 0x04 | 0x08 | 0x010 | 0x020 | 0x200 | 0x400; break;
-        case DevFmtBFormat3D:
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
+            /* .amb output requires FuMa */
+            device->AmbiLayout = AmbiLayout_FuMa;
+            device->AmbiScale = AmbiNorm_FuMa;
             isbformat = 1;
             chanmask = 0;
             break;
     }
     bits = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
-    channels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    channels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
 
-    fprintf(self->mFile, "RIFF");
+    fputs("RIFF", self->mFile);
     fwrite32le(0xFFFFFFFF, self->mFile); // 'RIFF' header len; filled in at close
 
-    fprintf(self->mFile, "WAVE");
+    fputs("WAVE", self->mFile);
 
-    fprintf(self->mFile, "fmt ");
+    fputs("fmt ", self->mFile);
     fwrite32le(40, self->mFile); // 'fmt ' header len; 40 bytes for EXTENSIBLE
 
     // 16-bit val, format type id (extensible: 0xFFFE)
@@ -312,11 +322,12 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_reset(ALCwaveBackend *self)
     // 32-bit val, channel mask
     fwrite32le(chanmask, self->mFile);
     // 16 byte GUID, sub-type format
-    val = fwrite(((bits==32) ? (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_FLOAT : SUBTYPE_FLOAT) :
-                               (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_PCM : SUBTYPE_PCM)), 1, 16, self->mFile);
+    val = fwrite((device->FmtType == DevFmtFloat) ?
+                 (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_FLOAT : SUBTYPE_FLOAT) :
+                 (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_PCM : SUBTYPE_PCM), 1, 16, self->mFile);
     (void)val;
 
-    fprintf(self->mFile, "data");
+    fputs("data", self->mFile);
     fwrite32le(0xFFFFFFFF, self->mFile); // 'data' header len; filled in at close
 
     if(ferror(self->mFile))
@@ -335,7 +346,9 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_start(ALCwaveBackend *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
 
-    self->mSize = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    self->mSize = device->UpdateSize * FrameSizeFromDevFmt(
+        device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder
+    );
     self->mBuffer = malloc(self->mSize);
     if(!self->mBuffer)
     {
@@ -343,7 +356,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackend_start(ALCwaveBackend *self)
         return ALC_FALSE;
     }
 
-    self->killNow = 0;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCwaveBackend_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
     {
         free(self->mBuffer);
@@ -361,10 +374,8 @@ static void ALCwaveBackend_stop(ALCwaveBackend *self)
     long size;
     int res;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
-
-    self->killNow = 1;
     althrd_join(self->thread, &res);
 
     free(self->mBuffer);
@@ -392,7 +403,7 @@ ALCbackendFactory *ALCwaveBackendFactory_getFactory(void);
 static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackendFactory_init(ALCwaveBackendFactory *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwaveBackendFactory, ALCbackendFactory, void, deinit)
 static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCwaveBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCwaveBackendFactory_probe(ALCwaveBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCwaveBackendFactory_probe(ALCwaveBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCwaveBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCwaveBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCwaveBackendFactory);
 
@@ -416,12 +427,12 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwaveBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCwaveBackendFactory* UNUS
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCwaveBackendFactory_probe(ALCwaveBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCwaveBackendFactory_probe(ALCwaveBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
-            AppendAllDevicesList(waveDevice);
+            alstr_append_range(outnames, waveDevice, waveDevice+sizeof(waveDevice));
             break;
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
             break;
diff --git a/Alc/backends/winmm.c b/Alc/backends/winmm.c
index bf97ef2e..0d4a02b8 100644
--- a/Alc/backends/winmm.c
+++ b/Alc/backends/winmm.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 #include "alMain.h"
 #include "alu.h"
+#include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "threads.h"
 
 #include "backends/base.h"
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@
 #define WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT  0x0003
 #endif
 
-#define DEVNAME_TAIL " on OpenAL Soft"
+#define DEVNAME_HEAD "OpenAL Soft on "
 
 
 static vector_al_string PlaybackDevices;
@@ -45,8 +46,8 @@ static vector_al_string CaptureDevices;
 
 static void clear_devlist(vector_al_string *list)
 {
-    VECTOR_FOR_EACH(al_string, *list, al_string_deinit);
-    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0);
+    VECTOR_FOR_EACH(al_string, *list, alstr_reset);
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(*list, 0, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ static void ProbePlaybackDevices(void)
     clear_devlist(&PlaybackDevices);
 
     numdevs = waveOutGetNumDevs();
-    VECTOR_RESERVE(PlaybackDevices, numdevs);
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(PlaybackDevices, 0, numdevs);
     for(i = 0;i < numdevs;i++)
     {
         WAVEOUTCAPSW WaveCaps;
@@ -71,24 +72,23 @@ static void ProbePlaybackDevices(void)
             ALuint count = 0;
             while(1)
             {
-                al_string_copy_wcstr(&dname, WaveCaps.szPname);
-                if(count == 0)
-                    al_string_append_cstr(&dname, DEVNAME_TAIL);
-                else
+                alstr_copy_cstr(&dname, DEVNAME_HEAD);
+                alstr_append_wcstr(&dname, WaveCaps.szPname);
+                if(count != 0)
                 {
                     char str[64];
-                    snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d"DEVNAME_TAIL, count+1);
-                    al_string_append_cstr(&dname, str);
+                    snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d", count+1);
+                    alstr_append_cstr(&dname, str);
                 }
                 count++;
 
-#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (al_string_cmp(dname, *(i)) == 0)
+#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (alstr_cmp(dname, *(i)) == 0)
                 VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const al_string, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_ENTRY);
-                if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices)) break;
+                if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices)) break;
 #undef MATCH_ENTRY
             }
 
-            TRACE("Got device \"%s\", ID %u\n", al_string_get_cstr(dname), i);
+            TRACE("Got device \"%s\", ID %u\n", alstr_get_cstr(dname), i);
         }
         VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(PlaybackDevices, dname);
     }
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ static void ProbeCaptureDevices(void)
     clear_devlist(&CaptureDevices);
 
     numdevs = waveInGetNumDevs();
-    VECTOR_RESERVE(CaptureDevices, numdevs);
+    VECTOR_RESIZE(CaptureDevices, 0, numdevs);
     for(i = 0;i < numdevs;i++)
     {
         WAVEINCAPSW WaveCaps;
@@ -115,24 +115,23 @@ static void ProbeCaptureDevices(void)
             ALuint count = 0;
             while(1)
             {
-                al_string_copy_wcstr(&dname, WaveCaps.szPname);
-                if(count == 0)
-                    al_string_append_cstr(&dname, DEVNAME_TAIL);
-                else
+                alstr_copy_cstr(&dname, DEVNAME_HEAD);
+                alstr_append_wcstr(&dname, WaveCaps.szPname);
+                if(count != 0)
                 {
                     char str[64];
-                    snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d"DEVNAME_TAIL, count+1);
-                    al_string_append_cstr(&dname, str);
+                    snprintf(str, sizeof(str), " #%d", count+1);
+                    alstr_append_cstr(&dname, str);
                 }
                 count++;
 
-#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (al_string_cmp(dname, *(i)) == 0)
+#define MATCH_ENTRY(i) (alstr_cmp(dname, *(i)) == 0)
                 VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const al_string, CaptureDevices, MATCH_ENTRY);
-                if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices)) break;
+                if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices)) break;
 #undef MATCH_ENTRY
             }
 
-            TRACE("Got device \"%s\", ID %u\n", al_string_get_cstr(dname), i);
+            TRACE("Got device \"%s\", ID %u\n", alstr_get_cstr(dname), i);
         }
         VECTOR_PUSH_BACK(CaptureDevices, dname);
     }
@@ -149,7 +148,7 @@ typedef struct ALCwinmmPlayback {
 
     WAVEFORMATEX Format;
 
-    volatile ALboolean killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCwinmmPlayback;
 
@@ -160,13 +159,12 @@ static void CALLBACK ALCwinmmPlayback_waveOutProc(HWAVEOUT device, UINT msg, DWO
 static int ALCwinmmPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg);
 
 static ALCenum ALCwinmmPlayback_open(ALCwinmmPlayback *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCwinmmPlayback_close(ALCwinmmPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCwinmmPlayback_reset(ALCwinmmPlayback *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCwinmmPlayback_start(ALCwinmmPlayback *self);
 static void ALCwinmmPlayback_stop(ALCwinmmPlayback *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD2(ALCwinmmPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCenum, captureSamples, ALCvoid*, ALCuint)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmPlayback, ALCbackend, ALCuint, availableSamples)
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmPlayback, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmPlayback, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmPlayback, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmPlayback, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCwinmmPlayback)
@@ -182,7 +180,7 @@ static void ALCwinmmPlayback_Construct(ALCwinmmPlayback *self, ALCdevice *device
     InitRef(&self->WaveBuffersCommitted, 0);
     self->OutHdl = NULL;
 
-    self->killNow = AL_TRUE;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
 }
 
 static void ALCwinmmPlayback_Destruct(ALCwinmmPlayback *self)
@@ -226,7 +224,7 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCwinmmPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
         if(msg.message != WOM_DONE)
             continue;
 
-        if(self->killNow)
+        if(ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire))
         {
             if(ReadRef(&self->WaveBuffersCommitted) == 0)
                 break;
@@ -234,8 +232,10 @@ FORCE_ALIGN static int ALCwinmmPlayback_mixerProc(void *arg)
         }
 
         WaveHdr = ((WAVEHDR*)msg.lParam);
+        ALCwinmmPlayback_lock(self);
         aluMixData(device, WaveHdr->lpData, WaveHdr->dwBufferLength /
                                             self->Format.nBlockAlign);
+        ALCwinmmPlayback_unlock(self);
 
         // Send buffer back to play more data
         waveOutWrite(self->OutHdl, WaveHdr, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
@@ -257,14 +257,14 @@ static ALCenum ALCwinmmPlayback_open(ALCwinmmPlayback *self, const ALCchar *devi
         ProbePlaybackDevices();
 
     // Find the Device ID matching the deviceName if valid
-#define MATCH_DEVNAME(iter) (!al_string_empty(*(iter)) && \
-                             (!deviceName || al_string_cmp_cstr(*(iter), deviceName) == 0))
+#define MATCH_DEVNAME(iter) (!alstr_empty(*(iter)) && \
+                             (!deviceName || alstr_cmp_cstr(*(iter), deviceName) == 0))
     VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const al_string, PlaybackDevices, MATCH_DEVNAME);
-    if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(PlaybackDevices))
+    if(iter == VECTOR_END(PlaybackDevices))
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 #undef MATCH_DEVNAME
 
-    DeviceID = (UINT)(iter - VECTOR_ITER_BEGIN(PlaybackDevices));
+    DeviceID = (UINT)(iter - VECTOR_BEGIN(PlaybackDevices));
 
 retry_open:
     memset(&self->Format, 0, sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX));
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ retry_open:
         goto failure;
     }
 
-    al_string_copy(&device->DeviceName, VECTOR_ELEM(PlaybackDevices, DeviceID));
+    alstr_copy(&device->DeviceName, VECTOR_ELEM(PlaybackDevices, DeviceID));
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 
 failure:
@@ -311,9 +311,6 @@ failure:
     return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 }
 
-static void ALCwinmmPlayback_close(ALCwinmmPlayback* UNUSED(self))
-{ }
-
 static ALCboolean ALCwinmmPlayback_reset(ALCwinmmPlayback *self)
 {
     ALCdevice *device = STATIC_CAST(ALCbackend, self)->mDevice;
@@ -374,7 +371,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwinmmPlayback_start(ALCwinmmPlayback *self)
     ALint BufferSize;
     ALuint i;
 
-    self->killNow = AL_FALSE;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCwinmmPlayback_mixerProc, self) != althrd_success)
         return ALC_FALSE;
 
@@ -382,7 +379,7 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwinmmPlayback_start(ALCwinmmPlayback *self)
 
     // Create 4 Buffers
     BufferSize  = device->UpdateSize*device->NumUpdates / 4;
-    BufferSize *= FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType);
+    BufferSize *= FrameSizeFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->FmtType, device->AmbiOrder);
 
     BufferData = calloc(4, BufferSize);
     for(i = 0;i < 4;i++)
@@ -405,11 +402,8 @@ static void ALCwinmmPlayback_stop(ALCwinmmPlayback *self)
     void *buffer = NULL;
     int i;
 
-    if(self->killNow)
+    if(ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
         return;
-
-    // Set flag to stop processing headers
-    self->killNow = AL_TRUE;
     althrd_join(self->thread, &i);
 
     // Release the wave buffers
@@ -432,11 +426,11 @@ typedef struct ALCwinmmCapture {
 
     HWAVEIN InHdl;
 
-    RingBuffer *Ring;
+    ll_ringbuffer_t *Ring;
 
     WAVEFORMATEX Format;
 
-    volatile ALboolean killNow;
+    ATOMIC(ALenum) killNow;
     althrd_t thread;
 } ALCwinmmCapture;
 
@@ -447,13 +441,12 @@ static void CALLBACK ALCwinmmCapture_waveInProc(HWAVEIN device, UINT msg, DWORD_
 static int ALCwinmmCapture_captureProc(void *arg);
 
 static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_open(ALCwinmmCapture *self, const ALCchar *name);
-static void ALCwinmmCapture_close(ALCwinmmCapture *self);
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmCapture, ALCbackend, ALCboolean, reset)
 static ALCboolean ALCwinmmCapture_start(ALCwinmmCapture *self);
 static void ALCwinmmCapture_stop(ALCwinmmCapture *self);
 static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_captureSamples(ALCwinmmCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples);
 static ALCuint ALCwinmmCapture_availableSamples(ALCwinmmCapture *self);
-static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmCapture, ALCbackend, ALint64, getLatency)
+static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmCapture, ALCbackend, ClockLatency, getClockLatency)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmCapture, ALCbackend, void, lock)
 static DECLARE_FORWARD(ALCwinmmCapture, ALCbackend, void, unlock)
 DECLARE_DEFAULT_ALLOCATORS(ALCwinmmCapture)
@@ -469,11 +462,38 @@ static void ALCwinmmCapture_Construct(ALCwinmmCapture *self, ALCdevice *device)
     InitRef(&self->WaveBuffersCommitted, 0);
     self->InHdl = NULL;
 
-    self->killNow = AL_TRUE;
+    ATOMIC_INIT(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE);
 }
 
 static void ALCwinmmCapture_Destruct(ALCwinmmCapture *self)
 {
+    void *buffer = NULL;
+    int i;
+
+    /* Tell the processing thread to quit and wait for it to do so. */
+    if(!ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(&self->killNow, AL_TRUE, almemory_order_acq_rel))
+    {
+        PostThreadMessage(self->thread, WM_QUIT, 0, 0);
+
+        althrd_join(self->thread, &i);
+
+        /* Make sure capture is stopped and all pending buffers are flushed. */
+        waveInReset(self->InHdl);
+
+        // Release the wave buffers
+        for(i = 0;i < 4;i++)
+        {
+            waveInUnprepareHeader(self->InHdl, &self->WaveBuffer[i], sizeof(WAVEHDR));
+            if(i == 0) buffer = self->WaveBuffer[i].lpData;
+            self->WaveBuffer[i].lpData = NULL;
+        }
+        free(buffer);
+    }
+
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
+    self->Ring = NULL;
+
+    // Close the Wave device
     if(self->InHdl)
         waveInClose(self->InHdl);
     self->InHdl = 0;
@@ -512,12 +532,13 @@ static int ALCwinmmCapture_captureProc(void *arg)
             continue;
         /* Don't wait for other buffers to finish before quitting. We're
          * closing so we don't need them. */
-        if(self->killNow)
+        if(ATOMIC_LOAD(&self->killNow, almemory_order_acquire))
             break;
 
         WaveHdr = ((WAVEHDR*)msg.lParam);
-        WriteRingBuffer(self->Ring, (ALubyte*)WaveHdr->lpData,
-                        WaveHdr->dwBytesRecorded/self->Format.nBlockAlign);
+        ll_ringbuffer_write(self->Ring, WaveHdr->lpData,
+            WaveHdr->dwBytesRecorded / self->Format.nBlockAlign
+        );
 
         // Send buffer back to capture more data
         waveInAddBuffer(self->InHdl, WaveHdr, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
@@ -543,13 +564,13 @@ static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_open(ALCwinmmCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
         ProbeCaptureDevices();
 
     // Find the Device ID matching the deviceName if valid
-#define MATCH_DEVNAME(iter) (!al_string_empty(*(iter)) &&  (!name || al_string_cmp_cstr(*iter, name) == 0))
+#define MATCH_DEVNAME(iter) (!alstr_empty(*(iter)) && (!name || alstr_cmp_cstr(*iter, name) == 0))
     VECTOR_FIND_IF(iter, const al_string, CaptureDevices, MATCH_DEVNAME);
-    if(iter == VECTOR_ITER_END(CaptureDevices))
+    if(iter == VECTOR_END(CaptureDevices))
         return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 #undef MATCH_DEVNAME
 
-    DeviceID = (UINT)(iter - VECTOR_ITER_BEGIN(CaptureDevices));
+    DeviceID = (UINT)(iter - VECTOR_BEGIN(CaptureDevices));
 
     switch(device->FmtChans)
     {
@@ -562,7 +583,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_open(ALCwinmmCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
         case DevFmtX51Rear:
         case DevFmtX61:
         case DevFmtX71:
-        case DevFmtBFormat3D:
+        case DevFmtAmbi3D:
             return ALC_INVALID_ENUM;
     }
 
@@ -583,7 +604,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_open(ALCwinmmCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
     memset(&self->Format, 0, sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX));
     self->Format.wFormatTag = ((device->FmtType == DevFmtFloat) ?
                                WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT : WAVE_FORMAT_PCM);
-    self->Format.nChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans);
+    self->Format.nChannels = ChannelsFromDevFmt(device->FmtChans, device->AmbiOrder);
     self->Format.wBitsPerSample = BytesFromDevFmt(device->FmtType) * 8;
     self->Format.nBlockAlign = self->Format.wBitsPerSample *
                                self->Format.nChannels / 8;
@@ -605,7 +626,7 @@ static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_open(ALCwinmmCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
     if(CapturedDataSize < (self->Format.nSamplesPerSec / 10))
         CapturedDataSize = self->Format.nSamplesPerSec / 10;
 
-    self->Ring = CreateRingBuffer(self->Format.nBlockAlign, CapturedDataSize);
+    self->Ring = ll_ringbuffer_create(CapturedDataSize, self->Format.nBlockAlign, false);
     if(!self->Ring) goto failure;
 
     InitRef(&self->WaveBuffersCommitted, 0);
@@ -631,11 +652,11 @@ static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_open(ALCwinmmCapture *self, const ALCchar *name)
         IncrementRef(&self->WaveBuffersCommitted);
     }
 
-    self->killNow = AL_FALSE;
+    ATOMIC_STORE(&self->killNow, AL_FALSE, almemory_order_release);
     if(althrd_create(&self->thread, ALCwinmmCapture_captureProc, self) != althrd_success)
         goto failure;
 
-    al_string_copy(&device->DeviceName, VECTOR_ELEM(CaptureDevices, DeviceID));
+    alstr_copy(&device->DeviceName, VECTOR_ELEM(CaptureDevices, DeviceID));
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 
 failure:
@@ -646,8 +667,7 @@ failure:
         free(BufferData);
     }
 
-    if(self->Ring)
-        DestroyRingBuffer(self->Ring);
+    ll_ringbuffer_free(self->Ring);
     self->Ring = NULL;
 
     if(self->InHdl)
@@ -657,37 +677,6 @@ failure:
     return ALC_INVALID_VALUE;
 }
 
-static void ALCwinmmCapture_close(ALCwinmmCapture *self)
-{
-    void *buffer = NULL;
-    int i;
-
-    /* Tell the processing thread to quit and wait for it to do so. */
-    self->killNow = AL_TRUE;
-    PostThreadMessage(self->thread, WM_QUIT, 0, 0);
-
-    althrd_join(self->thread, &i);
-
-    /* Make sure capture is stopped and all pending buffers are flushed. */
-    waveInReset(self->InHdl);
-
-    // Release the wave buffers
-    for(i = 0;i < 4;i++)
-    {
-        waveInUnprepareHeader(self->InHdl, &self->WaveBuffer[i], sizeof(WAVEHDR));
-        if(i == 0) buffer = self->WaveBuffer[i].lpData;
-        self->WaveBuffer[i].lpData = NULL;
-    }
-    free(buffer);
-
-    DestroyRingBuffer(self->Ring);
-    self->Ring = NULL;
-
-    // Close the Wave device
-    waveInClose(self->InHdl);
-    self->InHdl = NULL;
-}
-
 static ALCboolean ALCwinmmCapture_start(ALCwinmmCapture *self)
 {
     waveInStart(self->InHdl);
@@ -701,27 +690,16 @@ static void ALCwinmmCapture_stop(ALCwinmmCapture *self)
 
 static ALCenum ALCwinmmCapture_captureSamples(ALCwinmmCapture *self, ALCvoid *buffer, ALCuint samples)
 {
-    ReadRingBuffer(self->Ring, buffer, samples);
+    ll_ringbuffer_read(self->Ring, buffer, samples);
     return ALC_NO_ERROR;
 }
 
 static ALCuint ALCwinmmCapture_availableSamples(ALCwinmmCapture *self)
 {
-    return RingBufferSize(self->Ring);
+    return (ALCuint)ll_ringbuffer_read_space(self->Ring);
 }
 
 
-static inline void AppendAllDevicesList2(const al_string *name)
-{
-    if(!al_string_empty(*name))
-        AppendAllDevicesList(al_string_get_cstr(*name));
-}
-static inline void AppendCaptureDeviceList2(const al_string *name)
-{
-    if(!al_string_empty(*name))
-        AppendCaptureDeviceList(al_string_get_cstr(*name));
-}
-
 typedef struct ALCwinmmBackendFactory {
     DERIVE_FROM_TYPE(ALCbackendFactory);
 } ALCwinmmBackendFactory;
@@ -730,7 +708,7 @@ typedef struct ALCwinmmBackendFactory {
 static ALCboolean ALCwinmmBackendFactory_init(ALCwinmmBackendFactory *self);
 static void ALCwinmmBackendFactory_deinit(ALCwinmmBackendFactory *self);
 static ALCboolean ALCwinmmBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCwinmmBackendFactory *self, ALCbackend_Type type);
-static void ALCwinmmBackendFactory_probe(ALCwinmmBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type);
+static void ALCwinmmBackendFactory_probe(ALCwinmmBackendFactory *self, enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames);
 static ALCbackend* ALCwinmmBackendFactory_createBackend(ALCwinmmBackendFactory *self, ALCdevice *device, ALCbackend_Type type);
 
 DEFINE_ALCBACKENDFACTORY_VTABLE(ALCwinmmBackendFactory);
@@ -760,19 +738,24 @@ static ALCboolean ALCwinmmBackendFactory_querySupport(ALCwinmmBackendFactory* UN
     return ALC_FALSE;
 }
 
-static void ALCwinmmBackendFactory_probe(ALCwinmmBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type)
+static void ALCwinmmBackendFactory_probe(ALCwinmmBackendFactory* UNUSED(self), enum DevProbe type, al_string *outnames)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
+#define APPEND_OUTNAME(n) do {                                                \
+    if(!alstr_empty(*(n)))                                                    \
+        alstr_append_range(outnames, VECTOR_BEGIN(*(n)), VECTOR_END(*(n))+1); \
+} while(0)
         case ALL_DEVICE_PROBE:
             ProbePlaybackDevices();
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const al_string, PlaybackDevices, AppendAllDevicesList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const al_string, PlaybackDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
 
         case CAPTURE_DEVICE_PROBE:
             ProbeCaptureDevices();
-            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const al_string, CaptureDevices, AppendCaptureDeviceList2);
+            VECTOR_FOR_EACH(const al_string, CaptureDevices, APPEND_OUTNAME);
             break;
+#undef APPEND_OUTNAME
     }
 }