Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'HEADmaster

20 files changed, 474 insertions, 580 deletions

diff --git a/alc/backends/alsa.cpp b/alc/backends/alsa.cpp
index 0d9ff30d..4bda5b02 100644
--- a/alc/backends/alsa.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/alsa.cpp
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char alsaDevice[] = "ALSA Default";
 
 
@@ -252,10 +253,11 @@ std::vector<DevMap> PlaybackDevices;
 std::vector<DevMap> CaptureDevices;
 
 
-const char *prefix_name(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
+const std::string_view prefix_name(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
 {
-    assert(stream == SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK || stream == SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE);
-    return (stream==SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) ? "device-prefix" : "capture-prefix";
+    if(stream == SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+        return "device-prefix";
+    return "capture-prefix";
 }
 
 std::vector<DevMap> probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
@@ -267,11 +269,11 @@ std::vector<DevMap> probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
     snd_pcm_info_t *pcminfo;
     snd_pcm_info_malloc(&pcminfo);
 
-    auto defname = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "alsa",
+    auto defname = ConfigValueStr({}, "alsa",
         (stream == SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) ? "device" : "capture");
     devlist.emplace_back(alsaDevice, defname ? defname->c_str() : "default");
 
-    if(auto customdevs = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "alsa",
+    if(auto customdevs = ConfigValueStr({}, "alsa",
         (stream == SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) ? "custom-devices" : "custom-captures"))
     {
         size_t nextpos{customdevs->find_first_not_of(';')};
@@ -299,8 +301,8 @@ std::vector<DevMap> probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
         }
     }
 
-    const std::string main_prefix{
-        ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "alsa", prefix_name(stream)).value_or("plughw:")};
+    const std::string main_prefix{ConfigValueStr({}, "alsa", prefix_name(stream))
+        .value_or("plughw:")};
 
     int card{-1};
     int err{snd_card_next(&card)};
@@ -309,12 +311,14 @@ std::vector<DevMap> probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
         std::string name{"hw:" + std::to_string(card)};
 
         snd_ctl_t *handle;
-        if((err=snd_ctl_open(&handle, name.c_str(), 0)) < 0)
+        err = snd_ctl_open(&handle, name.c_str(), 0);
+        if(err < 0)
         {
             ERR("control open (hw:%d): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
             continue;
         }
-        if((err=snd_ctl_card_info(handle, info)) < 0)
+        err = snd_ctl_card_info(handle, info);
+        if(err < 0)
         {
             ERR("control hardware info (hw:%d): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
             snd_ctl_close(handle);
@@ -326,8 +330,7 @@ std::vector<DevMap> probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
         name = prefix_name(stream);
         name += '-';
         name += cardid;
-        const std::string card_prefix{
-            ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "alsa", name.c_str()).value_or(main_prefix)};
+        const std::string card_prefix{ConfigValueStr({}, "alsa", name).value_or(main_prefix)};
 
         int dev{-1};
         while(true)
@@ -339,7 +342,8 @@ std::vector<DevMap> probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
             snd_pcm_info_set_device(pcminfo, static_cast<uint>(dev));
             snd_pcm_info_set_subdevice(pcminfo, 0);
             snd_pcm_info_set_stream(pcminfo, stream);
-            if((err=snd_ctl_pcm_info(handle, pcminfo)) < 0)
+            err = snd_ctl_pcm_info(handle, pcminfo);
+            if(err < 0)
             {
                 if(err != -ENOENT)
                     ERR("control digital audio info (hw:%d): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
@@ -352,8 +356,7 @@ std::vector<DevMap> probe_devices(snd_pcm_stream_t stream)
             name += cardid;
             name += '-';
             name += std::to_string(dev);
-            const std::string device_prefix{
-                ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "alsa", name.c_str()).value_or(card_prefix)};
+            const std::string device_prefix{ConfigValueStr({},"alsa", name).value_or(card_prefix)};
 
             /* "CardName, PcmName (CARD=cardid,DEV=dev)" */
             name = cardname;
@@ -405,13 +408,14 @@ int verify_state(snd_pcm_t *handle)
             break;
 
         case SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
-            if((err=snd_pcm_recover(handle, -EPIPE, 1)) < 0)
-                return err;
+            err=snd_pcm_recover(handle, -EPIPE, 1);
+            if(err < 0) return err;
             break;
         case SND_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
-            if((err=snd_pcm_recover(handle, -ESTRPIPE, 1)) < 0)
-                return err;
+            err = snd_pcm_recover(handle, -ESTRPIPE, 1);
+            if(err < 0) return err;
             break;
+
         case SND_PCM_STATE_DISCONNECTED:
             return -ENODEV;
     }
@@ -443,8 +447,6 @@ struct AlsaPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(AlsaPlayback)
 };
 
 AlsaPlayback::~AlsaPlayback()
@@ -644,7 +646,7 @@ void AlsaPlayback::open(std::string_view name)
     else
     {
         name = alsaDevice;
-        if(auto driveropt = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "alsa", "device"))
+        if(auto driveropt = ConfigValueStr({}, "alsa", "device"))
             driver = std::move(driveropt).value();
     }
     TRACE("Opening device \"%s\"\n", driver.c_str());
@@ -692,7 +694,7 @@ bool AlsaPlayback::reset()
         break;
     }
 
-    bool allowmmap{!!GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "alsa", "mmap", true)};
+    bool allowmmap{GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "alsa", "mmap", true)};
     uint periodLen{static_cast<uint>(mDevice->UpdateSize * 1000000_u64 / mDevice->Frequency)};
     uint bufferLen{static_cast<uint>(mDevice->BufferSize * 1000000_u64 / mDevice->Frequency)};
     uint rate{mDevice->Frequency};
@@ -700,7 +702,8 @@ bool AlsaPlayback::reset()
     int err{};
     HwParamsPtr hp{CreateHwParams()};
 #define CHECK(x) do {                                                         \
-    if((err=(x)) < 0)                                                         \
+    err = (x);                                                                \
+    if(err < 0)                                                               \
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError, #x " failed: %s", \
             snd_strerror(err)};                                               \
 } while(0)
@@ -715,17 +718,18 @@ bool AlsaPlayback::reset()
     /* test and set format (implicitly sets sample bits) */
     if(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format(mPcmHandle, hp.get(), format) < 0)
     {
-        static const struct {
+        struct FormatMap {
             snd_pcm_format_t format;
             DevFmtType fmttype;
-        } formatlist[] = {
-            { SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT, DevFmtFloat  },
-            { SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32,   DevFmtInt    },
-            { SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32,   DevFmtUInt   },
-            { SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16,   DevFmtShort  },
-            { SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16,   DevFmtUShort },
-            { SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8,    DevFmtByte   },
-            { SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8,    DevFmtUByte  },
+        };
+        static constexpr std::array formatlist{
+            FormatMap{SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT, DevFmtFloat },
+            FormatMap{SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32,   DevFmtInt   },
+            FormatMap{SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32,   DevFmtUInt  },
+            FormatMap{SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16,   DevFmtShort },
+            FormatMap{SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16,   DevFmtUShort},
+            FormatMap{SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8,    DevFmtByte  },
+            FormatMap{SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8,    DevFmtUByte },
         };
 
         for(const auto &fmt : formatlist)
@@ -750,7 +754,7 @@ bool AlsaPlayback::reset()
         else mDevice->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
     }
     /* set rate (implicitly constrains period/buffer parameters) */
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "alsa", "allow-resampler", false)
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "alsa", "allow-resampler", false)
         || !mDevice->Flags.test(FrequencyRequest))
     {
         if(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_resample(mPcmHandle, hp.get(), 0) < 0)
@@ -760,11 +764,11 @@ bool AlsaPlayback::reset()
         WARN("Failed to enable ALSA resampler\n");
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(mPcmHandle, hp.get(), &rate, nullptr));
     /* set period time (implicitly constrains period/buffer parameters) */
-    if((err=snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near(mPcmHandle, hp.get(), &periodLen, nullptr)) < 0)
-        ERR("snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+    err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near(mPcmHandle, hp.get(), &periodLen, nullptr);
+    if(err < 0) ERR("snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
     /* set buffer time (implicitly sets buffer size/bytes/time and period size/bytes) */
-    if((err=snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near(mPcmHandle, hp.get(), &bufferLen, nullptr)) < 0)
-        ERR("snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+    err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near(mPcmHandle, hp.get(), &bufferLen, nullptr);
+    if(err < 0) ERR("snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
     /* install and prepare hardware configuration */
     CHECK(snd_pcm_hw_params(mPcmHandle, hp.get()));
 
@@ -802,7 +806,8 @@ void AlsaPlayback::start()
     snd_pcm_access_t access{};
     HwParamsPtr hp{CreateHwParams()};
 #define CHECK(x) do {                                                         \
-    if((err=(x)) < 0)                                                         \
+    err = (x);                                                                \
+    if(err < 0)                                                               \
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError, #x " failed: %s", \
             snd_strerror(err)};                                               \
 } while(0)
@@ -852,7 +857,7 @@ ClockLatency AlsaPlayback::getClockLatency()
     ClockLatency ret;
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _{mMutex};
-    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+    ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
     snd_pcm_sframes_t delay{};
     int err{snd_pcm_delay(mPcmHandle, &delay)};
     if(err < 0)
@@ -886,8 +891,6 @@ struct AlsaCapture final : public BackendBase {
     RingBufferPtr mRing{nullptr};
 
     snd_pcm_sframes_t mLastAvail{0};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(AlsaCapture)
 };
 
 AlsaCapture::~AlsaCapture()
@@ -916,7 +919,7 @@ void AlsaCapture::open(std::string_view name)
     else
     {
         name = alsaDevice;
-        if(auto driveropt = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "alsa", "capture"))
+        if(auto driveropt = ConfigValueStr({}, "alsa", "capture"))
             driver = std::move(driveropt).value();
     }
 
@@ -961,7 +964,8 @@ void AlsaCapture::open(std::string_view name)
     bool needring{false};
     HwParamsPtr hp{CreateHwParams()};
 #define CHECK(x) do {                                                         \
-    if((err=(x)) < 0)                                                         \
+    err = (x);                                                                \
+    if(err < 0)                                                               \
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError, #x " failed: %s", \
             snd_strerror(err)};                                               \
 } while(0)
@@ -1039,7 +1043,7 @@ void AlsaCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
 {
     if(mRing)
     {
-        mRing->read(buffer, samples);
+        std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -1068,7 +1072,8 @@ void AlsaCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
 
             if(amt == -EAGAIN)
                 continue;
-            if((amt=snd_pcm_recover(mPcmHandle, static_cast<int>(amt), 1)) >= 0)
+            amt = snd_pcm_recover(mPcmHandle, static_cast<int>(amt), 1);
+            if(amt >= 0)
             {
                 amt = snd_pcm_start(mPcmHandle);
                 if(amt >= 0)
@@ -1105,7 +1110,8 @@ uint AlsaCapture::availableSamples()
     {
         ERR("avail update failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(static_cast<int>(avail)));
 
-        if((avail=snd_pcm_recover(mPcmHandle, static_cast<int>(avail), 1)) >= 0)
+        avail = snd_pcm_recover(mPcmHandle, static_cast<int>(avail), 1);
+        if(avail >= 0)
         {
             if(mDoCapture)
                 avail = snd_pcm_start(mPcmHandle);
@@ -1141,7 +1147,8 @@ uint AlsaCapture::availableSamples()
 
             if(amt == -EAGAIN)
                 continue;
-            if((amt=snd_pcm_recover(mPcmHandle, static_cast<int>(amt), 1)) >= 0)
+            amt = snd_pcm_recover(mPcmHandle, static_cast<int>(amt), 1);
+            if(amt >= 0)
             {
                 if(mDoCapture)
                     amt = snd_pcm_start(mPcmHandle);
@@ -1170,7 +1177,7 @@ ClockLatency AlsaCapture::getClockLatency()
 {
     ClockLatency ret;
 
-    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+    ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
     snd_pcm_sframes_t delay{};
     int err{snd_pcm_delay(mPcmHandle, &delay)};
     if(err < 0)
@@ -1189,13 +1196,9 @@ ClockLatency AlsaCapture::getClockLatency()
 
 bool AlsaBackendFactory::init()
 {
-    bool error{false};
-
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
     if(!alsa_handle)
     {
-        std::string missing_funcs;
-
         alsa_handle = LoadLib("libasound.so.2");
         if(!alsa_handle)
         {
@@ -1203,27 +1206,25 @@ bool AlsaBackendFactory::init()
             return false;
         }
 
-        error = false;
+        std::string missing_funcs;
 #define LOAD_FUNC(f) do {                                                     \
-    p##f = al::bit_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(alsa_handle, #f));          \
-    if(p##f == nullptr) {                                                     \
-        error = true;                                                         \
-        missing_funcs += "\n" #f;                                             \
-    }                                                                         \
+    p##f = reinterpret_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(alsa_handle, #f));      \
+    if(p##f == nullptr) missing_funcs += "\n" #f;                             \
 } while(0)
         ALSA_FUNCS(LOAD_FUNC);
 #undef LOAD_FUNC
 
-        if(error)
+        if(!missing_funcs.empty())
         {
             WARN("Missing expected functions:%s\n", missing_funcs.c_str());
             CloseLib(alsa_handle);
             alsa_handle = nullptr;
+            return false;
         }
     }
 #endif
 
-    return !error;
+    return true;
 }
 
 bool AlsaBackendFactory::querySupport(BackendType type)
diff --git a/alc/backends/base.cpp b/alc/backends/base.cpp
index ab3ad028..b287b6d9 100644
--- a/alc/backends/base.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/base.cpp
@@ -45,21 +45,20 @@ uint BackendBase::availableSamples()
 
 ClockLatency BackendBase::getClockLatency()
 {
-    ClockLatency ret;
+    ClockLatency ret{};
 
     uint refcount;
     do {
         refcount = mDevice->waitForMix();
-        ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+        ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
         std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);
-    } while(refcount != ReadRef(mDevice->MixCount));
+    } while(refcount != mDevice->mMixCount.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
 
     /* NOTE: The device will generally have about all but one periods filled at
      * any given time during playback. Without a more accurate measurement from
      * the output, this is an okay approximation.
      */
-    ret.Latency = std::max(std::chrono::seconds{mDevice->BufferSize-mDevice->UpdateSize},
-        std::chrono::seconds::zero());
+    ret.Latency = std::chrono::seconds{mDevice->BufferSize - mDevice->UpdateSize};
     ret.Latency /= mDevice->Frequency;
 
     return ret;
diff --git a/alc/backends/base.h b/alc/backends/base.h
index eea0d238..6726cd9a 100644
--- a/alc/backends/base.h
+++ b/alc/backends/base.h
@@ -52,18 +52,6 @@ enum class BackendType {
 };
 
 
-/* Helper to get the current clock time from the device's ClockBase, and
- * SamplesDone converted from the sample rate.
- */
-inline std::chrono::nanoseconds GetDeviceClockTime(DeviceBase *device)
-{
-    using std::chrono::seconds;
-    using std::chrono::nanoseconds;
-
-    auto ns = nanoseconds{seconds{device->SamplesDone}} / device->Frequency;
-    return device->ClockBase + ns;
-}
-
 /* Helper to get the device latency from the backend, including any fixed
  * latency from post-processing.
  */
@@ -76,6 +64,8 @@ inline ClockLatency GetClockLatency(DeviceBase *device, BackendBase *backend)
 
 
 struct BackendFactory {
+    virtual ~BackendFactory() = default;
+
     virtual bool init() = 0;
 
     virtual bool querySupport(BackendType type) = 0;
@@ -86,9 +76,6 @@ struct BackendFactory {
     virtual std::string probe(BackendType type) = 0;
 
     virtual BackendPtr createBackend(DeviceBase *device, BackendType type) = 0;
-
-protected:
-    virtual ~BackendFactory() = default;
 };
 
 namespace al {
@@ -103,15 +90,15 @@ class backend_exception final : public base_exception {
     backend_error mErrorCode;
 
 public:
-#ifdef __USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO
-    [[gnu::format(gnu_printf, 3, 4)]]
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+    [[gnu::format(__MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT, 3, 4)]]
 #else
     [[gnu::format(printf, 3, 4)]]
 #endif
     backend_exception(backend_error code, const char *msg, ...);
     ~backend_exception() override;
 
-    backend_error errorCode() const noexcept { return mErrorCode; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto errorCode() const noexcept -> backend_error { return mErrorCode; }
 };
 
 } // namespace al
diff --git a/alc/backends/coreaudio.cpp b/alc/backends/coreaudio.cpp
index 16b0781e..86c4b89b 100644
--- a/alc/backends/coreaudio.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/coreaudio.cpp
@@ -337,8 +337,6 @@ struct CoreAudioPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     uint mFrameSize{0u};
     AudioStreamBasicDescription mFormat{}; // This is the OpenAL format as a CoreAudio ASBD
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(CoreAudioPlayback)
 };
 
 CoreAudioPlayback::~CoreAudioPlayback()
@@ -623,8 +621,6 @@ struct CoreAudioCapture final : public BackendBase {
     std::vector<char> mCaptureData;
 
     RingBufferPtr mRing{nullptr};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(CoreAudioCapture)
 };
 
 CoreAudioCapture::~CoreAudioCapture()
@@ -657,7 +653,7 @@ OSStatus CoreAudioCapture::RecordProc(AudioUnitRenderActionFlags *ioActionFlags,
         return err;
     }
 
-    mRing->write(mCaptureData.data(), inNumberFrames);
+    std::ignore = mRing->write(mCaptureData.data(), inNumberFrames);
     return noErr;
 }
 
@@ -924,7 +920,7 @@ void CoreAudioCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
 {
     if(!mConverter)
     {
-        mRing->read(buffer, samples);
+        std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples);
         return;
     }
 
diff --git a/alc/backends/dsound.cpp b/alc/backends/dsound.cpp
index 58aa69b2..e51c7ab5 100644
--- a/alc/backends/dsound.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/dsound.cpp
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory.h>
 #include <mutex>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
@@ -191,8 +191,6 @@ struct DSoundPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(DSoundPlayback)
 };
 
 DSoundPlayback::~DSoundPlayback()
@@ -560,8 +558,6 @@ struct DSoundCapture final : public BackendBase {
     DWORD mCursor{0u};
 
     RingBufferPtr mRing;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(DSoundCapture)
 };
 
 DSoundCapture::~DSoundCapture()
@@ -717,7 +713,7 @@ void DSoundCapture::stop()
 }
 
 void DSoundCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 uint DSoundCapture::availableSamples()
 {
@@ -740,9 +736,9 @@ uint DSoundCapture::availableSamples()
     }
     if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
     {
-        mRing->write(ReadPtr1, ReadCnt1/FrameSize);
+        std::ignore = mRing->write(ReadPtr1, ReadCnt1/FrameSize);
         if(ReadPtr2 != nullptr && ReadCnt2 > 0)
-            mRing->write(ReadPtr2, ReadCnt2/FrameSize);
+            std::ignore = mRing->write(ReadPtr2, ReadCnt2/FrameSize);
         hr = mDSCbuffer->Unlock(ReadPtr1, ReadCnt1, ReadPtr2, ReadCnt2);
         mCursor = ReadCursor;
     }
@@ -778,7 +774,7 @@ bool DSoundBackendFactory::init()
         }
 
 #define LOAD_FUNC(f) do {                                                     \
-    p##f = al::bit_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(ds_handle, #f));            \
+    p##f = reinterpret_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(ds_handle, #f));        \
     if(!p##f)                                                                 \
     {                                                                         \
         CloseLib(ds_handle);                                                  \
diff --git a/alc/backends/jack.cpp b/alc/backends/jack.cpp
index a0a5c440..529bb9fe 100644
--- a/alc/backends/jack.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/jack.cpp
@@ -102,19 +102,16 @@ decltype(jack_error_callback) * pjack_error_callback;
 #endif
 
 
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char JackDefaultAudioType[] = JACK_DEFAULT_AUDIO_TYPE;
 
 jack_options_t ClientOptions = JackNullOption;
 
 bool jack_load()
 {
-    bool error{false};
-
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
     if(!jack_handle)
     {
-        std::string missing_funcs;
-
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #define JACKLIB "libjack.dll"
 #else
@@ -127,38 +124,36 @@ bool jack_load()
             return false;
         }
 
-        error = false;
+        std::string missing_funcs;
 #define LOAD_FUNC(f) do {                                                     \
-    p##f = al::bit_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(jack_handle, #f));          \
-    if(p##f == nullptr) {                                                     \
-        error = true;                                                         \
-        missing_funcs += "\n" #f;                                             \
-    }                                                                         \
+    p##f = reinterpret_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(jack_handle, #f));      \
+    if(p##f == nullptr) missing_funcs += "\n" #f;                             \
 } while(0)
         JACK_FUNCS(LOAD_FUNC);
 #undef LOAD_FUNC
         /* Optional symbols. These don't exist in all versions of JACK. */
-#define LOAD_SYM(f) p##f = al::bit_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(jack_handle, #f))
+#define LOAD_SYM(f) p##f = reinterpret_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(jack_handle, #f))
         LOAD_SYM(jack_error_callback);
 #undef LOAD_SYM
 
-        if(error)
+        if(!missing_funcs.empty())
         {
             WARN("Missing expected functions:%s\n", missing_funcs.c_str());
             CloseLib(jack_handle);
             jack_handle = nullptr;
+            return false;
         }
     }
 #endif
 
-    return !error;
+    return true;
 }
 
 
 struct JackDeleter {
     void operator()(void *ptr) { jack_free(ptr); }
 };
-using JackPortsPtr = std::unique_ptr<const char*[],JackDeleter>;
+using JackPortsPtr = std::unique_ptr<const char*[],JackDeleter>; /* NOLINT(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 
 struct DeviceEntry {
     std::string mName;
@@ -209,7 +204,7 @@ void EnumerateDevices(jack_client_t *client, std::vector<DeviceEntry> &list)
         }
     }
 
-    if(auto listopt = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "jack", "custom-devices"))
+    if(auto listopt = ConfigValueStr({}, "jack", "custom-devices"))
     {
         for(size_t strpos{0};strpos < listopt->size();)
         {
@@ -307,7 +302,7 @@ struct JackPlayback final : public BackendBase {
     std::string mPortPattern;
 
     jack_client_t *mClient{nullptr};
-    std::array<jack_port_t*,MAX_OUTPUT_CHANNELS> mPort{};
+    std::array<jack_port_t*,MaxOutputChannels> mPort{};
 
     std::mutex mMutex;
 
@@ -318,8 +313,6 @@ struct JackPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(JackPlayback)
 };
 
 JackPlayback::~JackPlayback()
@@ -339,7 +332,7 @@ JackPlayback::~JackPlayback()
 
 int JackPlayback::processRt(jack_nframes_t numframes) noexcept
 {
-    std::array<jack_default_audio_sample_t*,MAX_OUTPUT_CHANNELS> out;
+    std::array<jack_default_audio_sample_t*,MaxOutputChannels> out;
     size_t numchans{0};
     for(auto port : mPort)
     {
@@ -363,7 +356,7 @@ int JackPlayback::processRt(jack_nframes_t numframes) noexcept
 
 int JackPlayback::process(jack_nframes_t numframes) noexcept
 {
-    std::array<jack_default_audio_sample_t*,MAX_OUTPUT_CHANNELS> out;
+    std::array<jack_default_audio_sample_t*,MaxOutputChannels> out;
     size_t numchans{0};
     for(auto port : mPort)
     {
@@ -378,7 +371,7 @@ int JackPlayback::process(jack_nframes_t numframes) noexcept
         jack_nframes_t todo{minu(numframes, static_cast<uint>(data.first.len))};
         auto write_first = [&data,numchans,todo](float *outbuf) -> float*
         {
-            const float *RESTRICT in = reinterpret_cast<float*>(data.first.buf);
+            const auto *RESTRICT in = reinterpret_cast<const float*>(data.first.buf);
             auto deinterlace_input = [&in,numchans]() noexcept -> float
             {
                 float ret{*in};
@@ -397,7 +390,7 @@ int JackPlayback::process(jack_nframes_t numframes) noexcept
         {
             auto write_second = [&data,numchans,todo](float *outbuf) -> float*
             {
-                const float *RESTRICT in = reinterpret_cast<float*>(data.second.buf);
+                const auto *RESTRICT in = reinterpret_cast<const float*>(data.second.buf);
                 auto deinterlace_input = [&in,numchans]() noexcept -> float
                 {
                     float ret{*in};
@@ -510,7 +503,7 @@ bool JackPlayback::reset()
     std::for_each(mPort.begin(), mPort.end(), unregister_port);
     mPort.fill(nullptr);
 
-    mRTMixing = GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "jack", "rt-mix", true);
+    mRTMixing = GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "jack", "rt-mix", true);
     jack_set_process_callback(mClient,
         mRTMixing ? &JackPlayback::processRtC : &JackPlayback::processC, this);
 
@@ -528,7 +521,7 @@ bool JackPlayback::reset()
     }
     else
     {
-        const char *devname{mDevice->DeviceName.c_str()};
+        const std::string_view devname{mDevice->DeviceName};
         uint bufsize{ConfigValueUInt(devname, "jack", "buffer-size").value_or(mDevice->UpdateSize)};
         bufsize = maxu(NextPowerOf2(bufsize), mDevice->UpdateSize);
         mDevice->BufferSize = bufsize + mDevice->UpdateSize;
@@ -578,7 +571,7 @@ void JackPlayback::start()
     if(jack_activate(mClient))
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError, "Failed to activate client"};
 
-    const char *devname{mDevice->DeviceName.c_str()};
+    const std::string_view devname{mDevice->DeviceName};
     if(ConfigValueBool(devname, "jack", "connect-ports").value_or(true))
     {
         JackPortsPtr pnames{jack_get_ports(mClient, mPortPattern.c_str(), JackDefaultAudioType,
@@ -657,7 +650,7 @@ ClockLatency JackPlayback::getClockLatency()
     ClockLatency ret;
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _{mMutex};
-    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+    ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
     ret.Latency  = std::chrono::seconds{mRing ? mRing->readSpace() : mDevice->UpdateSize};
     ret.Latency /= mDevice->Frequency;
 
@@ -677,7 +670,7 @@ bool JackBackendFactory::init()
     if(!jack_load())
         return false;
 
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(nullptr, "jack", "spawn-server", false))
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool({}, "jack", "spawn-server", false))
         ClientOptions = static_cast<jack_options_t>(ClientOptions | JackNoStartServer);
 
     const PathNamePair &binname = GetProcBinary();
diff --git a/alc/backends/loopback.cpp b/alc/backends/loopback.cpp
index 2972fc01..e42e35b0 100644
--- a/alc/backends/loopback.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/loopback.cpp
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ struct LoopbackBackend final : public BackendBase {
     bool reset() override;
     void start() override;
     void stop() override;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(LoopbackBackend)
 };
 
 
diff --git a/alc/backends/null.cpp b/alc/backends/null.cpp
index 3c68e4ce..f28eaa47 100644
--- a/alc/backends/null.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/null.cpp
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ using std::chrono::seconds;
 using std::chrono::milliseconds;
 using std::chrono::nanoseconds;
 
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char nullDevice[] = "No Output";
 
 
@@ -57,8 +58,6 @@ struct NullBackend final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(NullBackend)
 };
 
 int NullBackend::mixerProc()
diff --git a/alc/backends/oboe.cpp b/alc/backends/oboe.cpp
index b7bab19a..d55a7066 100644
--- a/alc/backends/oboe.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/oboe.cpp
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 #include "oboe.h"
 
 #include <cassert>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <cstring>
-#include <stdint.h>
 
 #include "alnumeric.h"
 #include "core/device.h"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char device_name[] = "Oboe Default";
 
 
@@ -48,11 +49,10 @@ oboe::DataCallbackResult OboePlayback::onAudioReady(oboe::AudioStream *oboeStrea
     return oboe::DataCallbackResult::Continue;
 }
 
-void OboePlayback::onErrorAfterClose(oboe::AudioStream* audioStream, oboe::Result error)
+void OboePlayback::onErrorAfterClose(oboe::AudioStream*, oboe::Result error)
 {
-    if (error == oboe::Result::ErrorDisconnected) {
+    if(error == oboe::Result::ErrorDisconnected)
         mDevice->handleDisconnect("Oboe AudioStream was disconnected: %s", oboe::convertToText(error));
-    }
     TRACE("Error was %s", oboe::convertToText(error));
 }
 
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ bool OboePlayback::reset()
     oboe::AudioStreamBuilder builder;
     builder.setDirection(oboe::Direction::Output);
     builder.setPerformanceMode(oboe::PerformanceMode::LowLatency);
+    builder.setUsage(oboe::Usage::Game);
     /* Don't let Oboe convert. We should be able to handle anything it gives
      * back.
      */
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ struct OboeCapture final : public BackendBase, public oboe::AudioStreamCallback
 oboe::DataCallbackResult OboeCapture::onAudioReady(oboe::AudioStream*, void *audioData,
     int32_t numFrames)
 {
-    mRing->write(audioData, static_cast<uint32_t>(numFrames));
+    std::ignore = mRing->write(audioData, static_cast<uint32_t>(numFrames));
     return oboe::DataCallbackResult::Continue;
 }
 
@@ -330,7 +331,7 @@ uint OboeCapture::availableSamples()
 { return static_cast<uint>(mRing->readSpace()); }
 
 void OboeCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 } // namespace
 
diff --git a/alc/backends/opensl.cpp b/alc/backends/opensl.cpp
index 61e3c9a7..6b2de909 100644
--- a/alc/backends/opensl.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/opensl.cpp
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
 
 #include "opensl.h"
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <jni.h>
 
 #include <array>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <new>
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ namespace {
 #define VCALL0(obj, func)  ((*(obj))->func((obj) EXTRACT_VCALL_ARGS
 
 
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char opensl_device[] = "OpenSL";
 
 
@@ -189,8 +190,6 @@ struct OpenSLPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(OpenSLPlayback)
 };
 
 OpenSLPlayback::~OpenSLPlayback()
@@ -375,74 +374,6 @@ bool OpenSLPlayback::reset()
 
     mRing = nullptr;
 
-#if 0
-    if(!mDevice->Flags.get<FrequencyRequest>())
-    {
-        /* FIXME: Disabled until I figure out how to get the Context needed for
-         * the getSystemService call.
-         */
-        JNIEnv *env = Android_GetJNIEnv();
-        jobject jctx = Android_GetContext();
-
-        /* Get necessary stuff for using java.lang.Integer,
-         * android.content.Context, and android.media.AudioManager.
-         */
-        jclass int_cls = JCALL(env,FindClass)("java/lang/Integer");
-        jmethodID int_parseint = JCALL(env,GetStaticMethodID)(int_cls,
-            "parseInt", "(Ljava/lang/String;)I"
-        );
-        TRACE("Integer: %p, parseInt: %p\n", int_cls, int_parseint);
-
-        jclass ctx_cls = JCALL(env,FindClass)("android/content/Context");
-        jfieldID ctx_audsvc = JCALL(env,GetStaticFieldID)(ctx_cls,
-            "AUDIO_SERVICE", "Ljava/lang/String;"
-        );
-        jmethodID ctx_getSysSvc = JCALL(env,GetMethodID)(ctx_cls,
-            "getSystemService", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Object;"
-        );
-        TRACE("Context: %p, AUDIO_SERVICE: %p, getSystemService: %p\n",
-              ctx_cls, ctx_audsvc, ctx_getSysSvc);
-
-        jclass audmgr_cls = JCALL(env,FindClass)("android/media/AudioManager");
-        jfieldID audmgr_prop_out_srate = JCALL(env,GetStaticFieldID)(audmgr_cls,
-            "PROPERTY_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE", "Ljava/lang/String;"
-        );
-        jmethodID audmgr_getproperty = JCALL(env,GetMethodID)(audmgr_cls,
-            "getProperty", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"
-        );
-        TRACE("AudioManager: %p, PROPERTY_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE: %p, getProperty: %p\n",
-              audmgr_cls, audmgr_prop_out_srate, audmgr_getproperty);
-
-        const char *strchars;
-        jstring strobj;
-
-        /* Now make the calls. */
-        //AudioManager audMgr = (AudioManager)getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
-        strobj = JCALL(env,GetStaticObjectField)(ctx_cls, ctx_audsvc);
-        jobject audMgr = JCALL(env,CallObjectMethod)(jctx, ctx_getSysSvc, strobj);
-        strchars = JCALL(env,GetStringUTFChars)(strobj, nullptr);
-        TRACE("Context.getSystemService(%s) = %p\n", strchars, audMgr);
-        JCALL(env,ReleaseStringUTFChars)(strobj, strchars);
-
-        //String srateStr = audMgr.getProperty(AudioManager.PROPERTY_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE);
-        strobj = JCALL(env,GetStaticObjectField)(audmgr_cls, audmgr_prop_out_srate);
-        jstring srateStr = JCALL(env,CallObjectMethod)(audMgr, audmgr_getproperty, strobj);
-        strchars = JCALL(env,GetStringUTFChars)(strobj, nullptr);
-        TRACE("audMgr.getProperty(%s) = %p\n", strchars, srateStr);
-        JCALL(env,ReleaseStringUTFChars)(strobj, strchars);
-
-        //int sampleRate = Integer.parseInt(srateStr);
-        sampleRate = JCALL(env,CallStaticIntMethod)(int_cls, int_parseint, srateStr);
-
-        strchars = JCALL(env,GetStringUTFChars)(srateStr, nullptr);
-        TRACE("Got system sample rate %uhz (%s)\n", sampleRate, strchars);
-        JCALL(env,ReleaseStringUTFChars)(srateStr, strchars);
-
-        if(!sampleRate) sampleRate = device->Frequency;
-        else sampleRate = maxu(sampleRate, MIN_OUTPUT_RATE);
-    }
-#endif
-
     mDevice->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
     mDevice->FmtType = DevFmtShort;
 
@@ -631,7 +562,7 @@ ClockLatency OpenSLPlayback::getClockLatency()
     ClockLatency ret;
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _{mMutex};
-    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+    ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
     ret.Latency  = std::chrono::seconds{mRing->readSpace() * mDevice->UpdateSize};
     ret.Latency /= mDevice->Frequency;
 
@@ -662,8 +593,6 @@ struct OpenSLCapture final : public BackendBase {
     uint mSplOffset{0u};
 
     uint mFrameSize{0};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(OpenSLCapture)
 };
 
 OpenSLCapture::~OpenSLCapture()
diff --git a/alc/backends/oss.cpp b/alc/backends/oss.cpp
index 87d3ba35..d541b534 100644
--- a/alc/backends/oss.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/oss.cpp
@@ -79,7 +79,9 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char DefaultName[] = "OSS Default";
+
 std::string DefaultPlayback{"/dev/dsp"};
 std::string DefaultCapture{"/dev/dsp"};
 
@@ -238,8 +240,6 @@ struct OSSPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(OSSPlayback)
 };
 
 OSSPlayback::~OSSPlayback()
@@ -367,11 +367,9 @@ bool OSSPlayback::reset()
     uint numFragmentsLogSize{(periods << 16) | log2FragmentSize};
 
     audio_buf_info info{};
-    const char *err;
-#define CHECKERR(func) if((func) < 0) {                                       \
-    err = #func;                                                              \
-    goto err;                                                                 \
-}
+#define CHECKERR(func) if((func) < 0)                                         \
+    throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError, "%s failed: %s\n", #func, strerror(errno)};
+
     /* Don't fail if SETFRAGMENT fails. We can handle just about anything
      * that's reported back via GETOSPACE */
     ioctl(mFd, SNDCTL_DSP_SETFRAGMENT, &numFragmentsLogSize);
@@ -379,12 +377,6 @@ bool OSSPlayback::reset()
     CHECKERR(ioctl(mFd, SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS, &numChannels));
     CHECKERR(ioctl(mFd, SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED, &ossSpeed));
     CHECKERR(ioctl(mFd, SNDCTL_DSP_GETOSPACE, &info));
-    if(0)
-    {
-    err:
-        ERR("%s failed: %s\n", err, strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
 #undef CHECKERR
 
     if(mDevice->channelsFromFmt() != numChannels)
@@ -409,7 +401,7 @@ bool OSSPlayback::reset()
 
     setDefaultChannelOrder();
 
-    mMixData.resize(mDevice->UpdateSize * mDevice->frameSizeFromFmt());
+    mMixData.resize(size_t{mDevice->UpdateSize} * mDevice->frameSizeFromFmt());
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -455,8 +447,6 @@ struct OSScapture final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(OSScapture)
 };
 
 OSScapture::~OSScapture()
@@ -617,7 +607,7 @@ void OSScapture::stop()
 }
 
 void OSScapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 uint OSScapture::availableSamples()
 { return static_cast<uint>(mRing->readSpace()); }
@@ -633,9 +623,9 @@ BackendFactory &OSSBackendFactory::getFactory()
 
 bool OSSBackendFactory::init()
 {
-    if(auto devopt = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "oss", "device"))
+    if(auto devopt = ConfigValueStr({}, "oss", "device"))
         DefaultPlayback = std::move(*devopt);
-    if(auto capopt = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "oss", "capture"))
+    if(auto capopt = ConfigValueStr({}, "oss", "capture"))
         DefaultCapture = std::move(*capopt);
 
     return true;
diff --git a/alc/backends/pipewire.cpp b/alc/backends/pipewire.cpp
index 6a001d7a..55bcf6f4 100644
--- a/alc/backends/pipewire.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/pipewire.cpp
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@
 #include <cstring>
 #include <cerrno>
 #include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <ctime>
 #include <list>
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <optional>
-#include <stdint.h>
 #include <thread>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
@@ -76,6 +76,10 @@ _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Weverything\"")
 #include "spa/pod/builder.h"
 #include "spa/utils/json.h"
 
+/* NOLINTBEGIN : All kinds of unsafe C stuff here from PipeWire headers
+ * (function-like macros, C style casts in macros, etc), which we can't do
+ * anything about except wrap into inline functions.
+ */
 namespace {
 /* Wrap some nasty macros here too... */
 template<typename ...Args>
@@ -117,6 +121,7 @@ constexpr auto make_pod_builder(void *data, uint32_t size) noexcept
 constexpr auto PwIdAny = PW_ID_ANY;
 
 } // namespace
+/* NOLINTEND */
 _Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")
 
 namespace {
@@ -169,8 +174,10 @@ using std::chrono::milliseconds;
 using std::chrono::nanoseconds;
 using uint = unsigned int;
 
+/* NOLINTBEGIN(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char pwireDevice[] = "PipeWire Output";
 constexpr char pwireInput[] = "PipeWire Input";
+/* NOLINTEND(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 
 
 bool check_version(const char *version)
@@ -238,7 +245,7 @@ bool pwire_load()
     if(pwire_handle)
         return true;
 
-    static constexpr char pwire_library[] = "libpipewire-0.3.so.0";
+    const char *pwire_library{"libpipewire-0.3.so.0"};
     std::string missing_funcs;
 
     pwire_handle = LoadLib(pwire_library);
@@ -249,7 +256,7 @@ bool pwire_load()
     }
 
 #define LOAD_FUNC(f) do {                                                     \
-    p##f = al::bit_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(pwire_handle, #f));         \
+    p##f = reinterpret_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(pwire_handle, #f));     \
     if(p##f == nullptr) missing_funcs += "\n" #f;                             \
 } while(0);
     PWIRE_FUNCS(LOAD_FUNC)
@@ -367,11 +374,11 @@ To as(From) noexcept = delete;
  * - pw_metadata
  */
 template<>
-pw_proxy* as(pw_registry *reg) noexcept { return al::bit_cast<pw_proxy*>(reg); }
+pw_proxy* as(pw_registry *reg) noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<pw_proxy*>(reg); }
 template<>
-pw_proxy* as(pw_node *node) noexcept { return al::bit_cast<pw_proxy*>(node); }
+pw_proxy* as(pw_node *node) noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<pw_proxy*>(node); }
 template<>
-pw_proxy* as(pw_metadata *mdata) noexcept { return al::bit_cast<pw_proxy*>(mdata); }
+pw_proxy* as(pw_metadata *mdata) noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<pw_proxy*>(mdata); }
 
 
 struct PwContextDeleter {
@@ -434,9 +441,11 @@ public:
 
     explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return mLoop != nullptr; }
 
+    [[nodiscard]]
     auto start() const { return pw_thread_loop_start(mLoop); }
     auto stop() const { return pw_thread_loop_stop(mLoop); }
 
+    [[nodiscard]]
     auto getLoop() const { return pw_thread_loop_get_loop(mLoop); }
 
     auto lock() const { return pw_thread_loop_lock(mLoop); }
@@ -501,8 +510,8 @@ struct NodeProxy {
         /* Track changes to the enumerable and current formats (indicates the
          * default and active format, which is what we're interested in).
          */
-        uint32_t fmtids[]{SPA_PARAM_EnumFormat, SPA_PARAM_Format};
-        ppw_node_subscribe_params(mNode.get(), std::data(fmtids), std::size(fmtids));
+        std::array<uint32_t,2> fmtids{{SPA_PARAM_EnumFormat, SPA_PARAM_Format}};
+        ppw_node_subscribe_params(mNode.get(), fmtids.data(), fmtids.size());
     }
     ~NodeProxy()
     { spa_hook_remove(&mListener); }
@@ -765,25 +774,32 @@ void DeviceNode::Remove(uint32_t id)
 }
 
 
-const spa_audio_channel MonoMap[]{
+constexpr std::array MonoMap{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_MONO
-}, StereoMap[] {
+};
+constexpr std::array StereoMap{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FR
-}, QuadMap[]{
+};
+constexpr std::array QuadMap{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RR
-}, X51Map[]{
+};
+constexpr std::array X51Map{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FC, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_LFE,
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SR
-}, X51RearMap[]{
+};
+constexpr std::array X51RearMap{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FC, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_LFE,
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RR
-}, X61Map[]{
+};
+constexpr std::array X61Map{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FC, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_LFE,
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RC, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SR
-}, X71Map[]{
+};
+constexpr std::array X71Map{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FC, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_LFE,
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SR
-}, X714Map[]{
+};
+constexpr std::array X714Map{
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_FC, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_LFE,
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_RR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_SR,
     SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_TFL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_TFR, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_TRL, SPA_AUDIO_CHANNEL_TRR
@@ -793,10 +809,10 @@ const spa_audio_channel MonoMap[]{
  * Checks if every channel in 'map1' exists in 'map0' (that is, map0 is equal
  * to or a superset of map1).
  */
-template<size_t N>
-bool MatchChannelMap(const al::span<const uint32_t> map0, const spa_audio_channel (&map1)[N])
+bool MatchChannelMap(const al::span<const uint32_t> map0,
+    const al::span<const spa_audio_channel> map1)
 {
-    if(map0.size() < N)
+    if(map0.size() < map1.size())
         return false;
     for(const spa_audio_channel chid : map1)
     {
@@ -831,7 +847,7 @@ void DeviceNode::parseSampleRate(const spa_pod *value, bool force_update) noexce
         /* [0] is the default, [1] is the min, and [2] is the max. */
         TRACE("  sample rate: %d (range: %d -> %d)\n", srates[0], srates[1], srates[2]);
         if(!mSampleRate || force_update)
-            mSampleRate = static_cast<uint>(clampi(srates[0], MIN_OUTPUT_RATE, MAX_OUTPUT_RATE));
+            mSampleRate = static_cast<uint>(clampi(srates[0], MinOutputRate, MaxOutputRate));
         return;
     }
 
@@ -857,7 +873,7 @@ void DeviceNode::parseSampleRate(const spa_pod *value, bool force_update) noexce
          */
         for(const auto &rate : srates)
         {
-            if(rate >= MIN_OUTPUT_RATE && rate <= MAX_OUTPUT_RATE)
+            if(rate >= int{MinOutputRate} && rate <= int{MaxOutputRate})
             {
                 if(!mSampleRate || force_update)
                     mSampleRate = static_cast<uint>(rate);
@@ -878,7 +894,7 @@ void DeviceNode::parseSampleRate(const spa_pod *value, bool force_update) noexce
 
         TRACE("  sample rate: %d\n", srates[0]);
         if(!mSampleRate || force_update)
-            mSampleRate = static_cast<uint>(clampi(srates[0], MIN_OUTPUT_RATE, MAX_OUTPUT_RATE));
+            mSampleRate = static_cast<uint>(clampi(srates[0], MinOutputRate, MaxOutputRate));
         return;
     }
 
@@ -956,6 +972,7 @@ void DeviceNode::parseChannelCount(const spa_pod *value, bool force_update) noex
 }
 
 
+/* NOLINTBEGIN(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char MonitorPrefix[]{"Monitor of "};
 constexpr auto MonitorPrefixLen = std::size(MonitorPrefix) - 1;
 constexpr char AudioSinkClass[]{"Audio/Sink"};
@@ -963,6 +980,7 @@ constexpr char AudioSourceClass[]{"Audio/Source"};
 constexpr char AudioSourceVirtualClass[]{"Audio/Source/Virtual"};
 constexpr char AudioDuplexClass[]{"Audio/Duplex"};
 constexpr char StreamClass[]{"Stream/"};
+/* NOLINTEND(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 
 void NodeProxy::infoCallback(const pw_node_info *info) noexcept
 {
@@ -1070,8 +1088,11 @@ void NodeProxy::paramCallback(int, uint32_t id, uint32_t, uint32_t, const spa_po
 
         if(const spa_pod_prop *prop{spa_pod_find_prop(param, nullptr, SPA_FORMAT_AUDIO_position)})
             node->parsePositions(&prop->value, force_update);
-        else if((prop=spa_pod_find_prop(param, nullptr, SPA_FORMAT_AUDIO_channels)) != nullptr)
-            node->parseChannelCount(&prop->value, force_update);
+        else
+        {
+            prop = spa_pod_find_prop(param, nullptr, SPA_FORMAT_AUDIO_channels);
+            if(prop) node->parseChannelCount(&prop->value, force_update);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -1103,8 +1124,8 @@ int MetadataProxy::propertyCallback(uint32_t id, const char *key, const char *ty
         return 0;
     }
 
-    spa_json it[2]{};
-    spa_json_init(&it[0], value, strlen(value));
+    std::array<spa_json,2> it{};
+    spa_json_init(it.data(), value, strlen(value));
     if(spa_json_enter_object(&it[0], &it[1]) <= 0)
         return 0;
 
@@ -1407,8 +1428,7 @@ class PipeWirePlayback final : public BackendBase {
     PwStreamPtr mStream;
     spa_hook mStreamListener{};
     spa_io_rate_match *mRateMatch{};
-    std::unique_ptr<float*[]> mChannelPtrs;
-    uint mNumChannels{};
+    std::vector<float*> mChannelPtrs;
 
     static constexpr pw_stream_events CreateEvents()
     {
@@ -1425,13 +1445,11 @@ class PipeWirePlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
 public:
     PipeWirePlayback(DeviceBase *device) noexcept : BackendBase{device} { }
-    ~PipeWirePlayback()
+    ~PipeWirePlayback() final
     {
         /* Stop the mainloop so the stream can be properly destroyed. */
         if(mLoop) mLoop.stop();
     }
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(PipeWirePlayback)
 };
 
 
@@ -1455,7 +1473,7 @@ void PipeWirePlayback::outputCallback() noexcept
     if(!pw_buf) UNLIKELY return;
 
     const al::span<spa_data> datas{pw_buf->buffer->datas,
-        minu(mNumChannels, pw_buf->buffer->n_datas)};
+        minz(mChannelPtrs.size(), pw_buf->buffer->n_datas)};
 #if PW_CHECK_VERSION(0,3,49)
     /* In 0.3.49, pw_buffer::requested specifies the number of samples needed
      * by the resampler/graph for this audio update.
@@ -1475,7 +1493,7 @@ void PipeWirePlayback::outputCallback() noexcept
      * buffer length in any one channel is smaller than we wanted (shouldn't
      * be, but just in case).
      */
-    float **chanptr_end{mChannelPtrs.get()};
+    auto chanptr_end = mChannelPtrs.begin();
     for(const auto &data : datas)
     {
         length = minu(length, data.maxsize/sizeof(float));
@@ -1487,7 +1505,7 @@ void PipeWirePlayback::outputCallback() noexcept
         data.chunk->size   = length * sizeof(float);
     }
 
-    mDevice->renderSamples({mChannelPtrs.get(), chanptr_end}, length);
+    mDevice->renderSamples(mChannelPtrs, length);
 
     pw_buf->size = length;
     pw_stream_queue_buffer(mStream.get(), pw_buf);
@@ -1590,7 +1608,7 @@ bool PipeWirePlayback::reset()
     }
     mStreamListener = {};
     mRateMatch = nullptr;
-    mTimeBase = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+    mTimeBase = mDevice->getClockTime();
 
     /* If connecting to a specific device, update various device parameters to
      * match its format.
@@ -1611,11 +1629,12 @@ bool PipeWirePlayback::reset()
             {
                 /* Scale the update size if the sample rate changes. */
                 const double scale{static_cast<double>(match->mSampleRate) / mDevice->Frequency};
-                const double numbufs{static_cast<double>(mDevice->BufferSize)/mDevice->UpdateSize};
+                const double updatesize{std::round(mDevice->UpdateSize * scale)};
+                const double buffersize{std::round(mDevice->BufferSize * scale)};
+
                 mDevice->Frequency = match->mSampleRate;
-                mDevice->UpdateSize = static_cast<uint>(clampd(mDevice->UpdateSize*scale + 0.5,
-                    64.0, 8192.0));
-                mDevice->BufferSize = static_cast<uint>(numbufs*mDevice->UpdateSize + 0.5);
+                mDevice->UpdateSize = static_cast<uint>(clampd(updatesize, 64.0, 8192.0));
+                mDevice->BufferSize = static_cast<uint>(maxd(buffersize, 128.0));
             }
             if(!mDevice->Flags.test(ChannelsRequest) && match->mChannels != InvalidChannelConfig)
                 mDevice->FmtChans = match->mChannels;
@@ -1673,7 +1692,7 @@ bool PipeWirePlayback::reset()
 
     pw_stream_flags flags{PW_STREAM_FLAG_AUTOCONNECT | PW_STREAM_FLAG_INACTIVE
         | PW_STREAM_FLAG_MAP_BUFFERS};
-    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "pipewire", "rt-mix", true))
+    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "pipewire", "rt-mix", false))
         flags |= PW_STREAM_FLAG_RT_PROCESS;
     if(int res{pw_stream_connect(mStream.get(), PW_DIRECTION_OUTPUT, PwIdAny, flags, &params, 1)})
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
@@ -1698,8 +1717,7 @@ bool PipeWirePlayback::reset()
      */
     plock.unlock();
 
-    mNumChannels = mDevice->channelsFromFmt();
-    mChannelPtrs = std::make_unique<float*[]>(mNumChannels);
+    mChannelPtrs.resize(mDevice->channelsFromFmt());
 
     setDefaultWFXChannelOrder();
 
@@ -1757,7 +1775,7 @@ void PipeWirePlayback::start()
 
             mDevice->UpdateSize = updatesize;
             mDevice->BufferSize = static_cast<uint>(ptime.buffered + delay +
-                totalbuffers*updatesize);
+                uint64_t{totalbuffers}*updatesize);
             break;
         }
 #else
@@ -1791,8 +1809,7 @@ void PipeWirePlayback::stop()
 {
     MainloopUniqueLock plock{mLoop};
     if(int res{pw_stream_set_active(mStream.get(), false)})
-        throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
-            "Failed to stop PipeWire stream (res: %d)", res};
+        ERR("Failed to stop PipeWire stream (res: %d)\n", res);
 
     /* Wait for the stream to stop playing. */
     plock.wait([stream=mStream.get()]()
@@ -1824,10 +1841,10 @@ ClockLatency PipeWirePlayback::getClockLatency()
     uint refcount;
     do {
         refcount = mDevice->waitForMix();
-        mixtime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+        mixtime = mDevice->getClockTime();
         clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tspec);
         std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);
-    } while(refcount != ReadRef(mDevice->MixCount));
+    } while(refcount != mDevice->mMixCount.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
 
     /* Convert the monotonic clock, stream ticks, and stream delay to
      * nanoseconds.
@@ -1916,9 +1933,7 @@ class PipeWireCapture final : public BackendBase {
 
 public:
     PipeWireCapture(DeviceBase *device) noexcept : BackendBase{device} { }
-    ~PipeWireCapture() { if(mLoop) mLoop.stop(); }
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(PipeWireCapture)
+    ~PipeWireCapture() final { if(mLoop) mLoop.stop(); }
 };
 
 
@@ -1934,7 +1949,8 @@ void PipeWireCapture::inputCallback() noexcept
     const uint offset{minu(bufdata->chunk->offset, bufdata->maxsize)};
     const uint size{minu(bufdata->chunk->size, bufdata->maxsize - offset)};
 
-    mRing->write(static_cast<char*>(bufdata->data) + offset, size / mRing->getElemSize());
+    std::ignore = mRing->write(static_cast<char*>(bufdata->data) + offset,
+        size / mRing->getElemSize());
 
     pw_stream_queue_buffer(mStream.get(), pw_buf);
 }
@@ -2057,7 +2073,8 @@ void PipeWireCapture::open(std::string_view name)
     static constexpr uint32_t pod_buffer_size{1024};
     PodDynamicBuilder b(pod_buffer_size);
 
-    const spa_pod *params[]{spa_format_audio_raw_build(b.get(), SPA_PARAM_EnumFormat, &info)};
+    std::array params{static_cast<const spa_pod*>(spa_format_audio_raw_build(b.get(),
+        SPA_PARAM_EnumFormat, &info))};
     if(!params[0])
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
             "Failed to set PipeWire audio format parameters"};
@@ -2099,7 +2116,7 @@ void PipeWireCapture::open(std::string_view name)
 
     constexpr pw_stream_flags Flags{PW_STREAM_FLAG_AUTOCONNECT | PW_STREAM_FLAG_INACTIVE
         | PW_STREAM_FLAG_MAP_BUFFERS | PW_STREAM_FLAG_RT_PROCESS};
-    if(int res{pw_stream_connect(mStream.get(), PW_DIRECTION_INPUT, PwIdAny, Flags, params, 1)})
+    if(int res{pw_stream_connect(mStream.get(), PW_DIRECTION_INPUT, PwIdAny, Flags, params.data(), 1)})
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
             "Error connecting PipeWire stream (res: %d)", res};
 
@@ -2145,8 +2162,7 @@ void PipeWireCapture::stop()
 {
     MainloopUniqueLock plock{mLoop};
     if(int res{pw_stream_set_active(mStream.get(), false)})
-        throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
-            "Failed to stop PipeWire stream (res: %d)", res};
+        ERR("Failed to stop PipeWire stream (res: %d)\n", res);
 
     plock.wait([stream=mStream.get()]()
     { return pw_stream_get_state(stream, nullptr) != PW_STREAM_STATE_STREAMING; });
@@ -2156,7 +2172,7 @@ uint PipeWireCapture::availableSamples()
 { return static_cast<uint>(mRing->readSpace()); }
 
 void PipeWireCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 } // namespace
 
@@ -2175,11 +2191,11 @@ bool PipeWireBackendFactory::init()
     }
     TRACE("Found PipeWire version \"%s\" (%s or newer)\n", version, pw_get_headers_version());
 
-    pw_init(0, nullptr);
+    pw_init(nullptr, nullptr);
     if(!gEventHandler.init())
         return false;
 
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(nullptr, "pipewire", "assume-audio", false)
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool({}, "pipewire", "assume-audio", false)
         && !gEventHandler.waitForAudio())
     {
         gEventHandler.kill();
diff --git a/alc/backends/portaudio.cpp b/alc/backends/portaudio.cpp
index 979a54d6..7c61e134 100644
--- a/alc/backends/portaudio.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/portaudio.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-constexpr char pa_device[] = "PortAudio Default";
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
+constexpr char pa_device[]{"PortAudio Default"};
 
 
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
@@ -78,13 +79,6 @@ struct PortPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     int writeCallback(const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer, unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
         const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo, const PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags) noexcept;
-    static int writeCallbackC(const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
-        unsigned long framesPerBuffer, const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo,
-        const PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags, void *userData) noexcept
-    {
-        return static_cast<PortPlayback*>(userData)->writeCallback(inputBuffer, outputBuffer,
-            framesPerBuffer, timeInfo, statusFlags);
-    }
 
     void open(std::string_view name) override;
     bool reset() override;
@@ -94,8 +88,6 @@ struct PortPlayback final : public BackendBase {
     PaStream *mStream{nullptr};
     PaStreamParameters mParams{};
     uint mUpdateSize{0u};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(PortPlayback)
 };
 
 PortPlayback::~PortPlayback()
@@ -125,7 +117,7 @@ void PortPlayback::open(std::string_view name)
             static_cast<int>(name.length()), name.data()};
 
     PaStreamParameters params{};
-    auto devidopt = ConfigValueInt(nullptr, "port", "device");
+    auto devidopt = ConfigValueInt({}, "port", "device");
     if(devidopt && *devidopt >= 0) params.device = *devidopt;
     else params.device = Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice();
     params.suggestedLatency = mDevice->BufferSize / static_cast<double>(mDevice->Frequency);
@@ -156,19 +148,21 @@ void PortPlayback::open(std::string_view name)
         break;
     }
 
-retry_open:
+    static constexpr auto writeCallback = [](const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
+        unsigned long framesPerBuffer, const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo,
+        const PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags, void *userData) noexcept
+    {
+        return static_cast<PortPlayback*>(userData)->writeCallback(inputBuffer, outputBuffer,
+            framesPerBuffer, timeInfo, statusFlags);
+    };
     PaStream *stream{};
-    PaError err{Pa_OpenStream(&stream, nullptr, &params, mDevice->Frequency, mDevice->UpdateSize,
-        paNoFlag, &PortPlayback::writeCallbackC, this)};
-    if(err != paNoError)
+    while(PaError err{Pa_OpenStream(&stream, nullptr, &params, mDevice->Frequency,
+        mDevice->UpdateSize, paNoFlag, writeCallback, this)})
     {
-        if(params.sampleFormat == paFloat32)
-        {
-            params.sampleFormat = paInt16;
-            goto retry_open;
-        }
-        throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::NoDevice, "Failed to open stream: %s",
-            Pa_GetErrorText(err)};
+        if(params.sampleFormat != paFloat32)
+            throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::NoDevice, "Failed to open stream: %s",
+                Pa_GetErrorText(err)};
+        params.sampleFormat = paInt16;
     }
 
     Pa_CloseStream(mStream);
@@ -237,13 +231,6 @@ struct PortCapture final : public BackendBase {
 
     int readCallback(const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer, unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
         const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo, const PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags) noexcept;
-    static int readCallbackC(const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
-        unsigned long framesPerBuffer, const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo,
-        const PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags, void *userData) noexcept
-    {
-        return static_cast<PortCapture*>(userData)->readCallback(inputBuffer, outputBuffer,
-            framesPerBuffer, timeInfo, statusFlags);
-    }
 
     void open(std::string_view name) override;
     void start() override;
@@ -252,11 +239,9 @@ struct PortCapture final : public BackendBase {
     uint availableSamples() override;
 
     PaStream *mStream{nullptr};
-    PaStreamParameters mParams;
+    PaStreamParameters mParams{};
 
     RingBufferPtr mRing{nullptr};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(PortCapture)
 };
 
 PortCapture::~PortCapture()
@@ -271,7 +256,7 @@ PortCapture::~PortCapture()
 int PortCapture::readCallback(const void *inputBuffer, void*, unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
     const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo*, const PaStreamCallbackFlags) noexcept
 {
-    mRing->write(inputBuffer, framesPerBuffer);
+    std::ignore = mRing->write(inputBuffer, framesPerBuffer);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -290,7 +275,7 @@ void PortCapture::open(std::string_view name)
 
     mRing = RingBuffer::Create(samples, frame_size, false);
 
-    auto devidopt = ConfigValueInt(nullptr, "port", "capture");
+    auto devidopt = ConfigValueInt({}, "port", "capture");
     if(devidopt && *devidopt >= 0) mParams.device = *devidopt;
     else mParams.device = Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice();
     mParams.suggestedLatency = 0.0f;
@@ -320,8 +305,15 @@ void PortCapture::open(std::string_view name)
     }
     mParams.channelCount = static_cast<int>(mDevice->channelsFromFmt());
 
+    static constexpr auto readCallback = [](const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
+        unsigned long framesPerBuffer, const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo,
+        const PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags, void *userData) noexcept
+    {
+        return static_cast<PortCapture*>(userData)->readCallback(inputBuffer, outputBuffer,
+            framesPerBuffer, timeInfo, statusFlags);
+    };
     PaError err{Pa_OpenStream(&mStream, &mParams, nullptr, mDevice->Frequency,
-        paFramesPerBufferUnspecified, paNoFlag, &PortCapture::readCallbackC, this)};
+        paFramesPerBufferUnspecified, paNoFlag, readCallback, this)};
     if(err != paNoError)
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::NoDevice, "Failed to open stream: %s",
             Pa_GetErrorText(err)};
@@ -350,15 +342,13 @@ uint PortCapture::availableSamples()
 { return static_cast<uint>(mRing->readSpace()); }
 
 void PortCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 } // namespace
 
 
 bool PortBackendFactory::init()
 {
-    PaError err;
-
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
     if(!pa_handle)
     {
@@ -377,7 +367,7 @@ bool PortBackendFactory::init()
             return false;
 
 #define LOAD_FUNC(f) do {                                                     \
-    p##f = al::bit_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(pa_handle, #f));            \
+    p##f = reinterpret_cast<decltype(p##f)>(GetSymbol(pa_handle, #f));        \
     if(p##f == nullptr)                                                       \
     {                                                                         \
         CloseLib(pa_handle);                                                  \
@@ -397,7 +387,8 @@ bool PortBackendFactory::init()
         LOAD_FUNC(Pa_GetStreamInfo);
 #undef LOAD_FUNC
 
-        if((err=Pa_Initialize()) != paNoError)
+        const PaError err{Pa_Initialize()};
+        if(err != paNoError)
         {
             ERR("Pa_Initialize() returned an error: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText(err));
             CloseLib(pa_handle);
@@ -406,7 +397,8 @@ bool PortBackendFactory::init()
         }
     }
 #else
-    if((err=Pa_Initialize()) != paNoError)
+    const PaError err{Pa_Initialize()};
+    if(err != paNoError)
     {
         ERR("Pa_Initialize() returned an error: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText(err));
         return false;
diff --git a/alc/backends/pulseaudio.cpp b/alc/backends/pulseaudio.cpp
index bebc182d..e976fc27 100644
--- a/alc/backends/pulseaudio.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/pulseaudio.cpp
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <bitset>
 #include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <limits>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <optional>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <utility>
@@ -320,11 +320,12 @@ public:
 
     explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return mLoop != nullptr; }
 
+    [[nodiscard]]
     auto start() const { return pa_threaded_mainloop_start(mLoop); }
     auto stop() const { return pa_threaded_mainloop_stop(mLoop); }
 
-    auto getApi() const { return pa_threaded_mainloop_get_api(mLoop); }
-    auto getContext() const noexcept { return mContext; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getApi() const { return pa_threaded_mainloop_get_api(mLoop); }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getContext() const noexcept { return mContext; }
 
     auto lock() const { return pa_threaded_mainloop_lock(mLoop); }
     auto unlock() const { return pa_threaded_mainloop_unlock(mLoop); }
@@ -509,8 +510,8 @@ void MainloopUniqueLock::connectContext()
     pa_context_set_state_callback(mutex()->mContext, [](pa_context *ctx, void *pdata) noexcept
     { return static_cast<MainloopUniqueLock*>(pdata)->contextStateCallback(ctx); }, this);
 
-    int err;
-    if((err=pa_context_connect(mutex()->mContext, nullptr, pulse_ctx_flags, nullptr)) >= 0)
+    int err{pa_context_connect(mutex()->mContext, nullptr, pulse_ctx_flags, nullptr)};
+    if(err >= 0)
     {
         pa_context_state_t state;
         while((state=pa_context_get_state(mutex()->mContext)) != PA_CONTEXT_READY)
@@ -657,14 +658,12 @@ struct PulsePlayback final : public BackendBase {
     std::optional<std::string> mDeviceName{std::nullopt};
 
     bool mIs51Rear{false};
-    pa_buffer_attr mAttr;
-    pa_sample_spec mSpec;
+    pa_buffer_attr mAttr{};
+    pa_sample_spec mSpec{};
 
     pa_stream *mStream{nullptr};
 
     uint mFrameSize{0u};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(PulsePlayback)
 };
 
 PulsePlayback::~PulsePlayback()
@@ -753,9 +752,9 @@ void PulsePlayback::sinkInfoCallback(pa_context*, const pa_sink_info *info, int
     else
     {
         mIs51Rear = false;
-        char chanmap_str[PA_CHANNEL_MAP_SNPRINT_MAX]{};
-        pa_channel_map_snprint(chanmap_str, sizeof(chanmap_str), &info->channel_map);
-        WARN("Failed to find format for channel map:\n    %s\n", chanmap_str);
+        std::array<char,PA_CHANNEL_MAP_SNPRINT_MAX> chanmap_str{};
+        pa_channel_map_snprint(chanmap_str.data(), chanmap_str.size(), &info->channel_map);
+        WARN("Failed to find format for channel map:\n    %s\n", chanmap_str.data());
     }
 
     if(info->active_port)
@@ -784,7 +783,9 @@ void PulsePlayback::streamMovedCallback(pa_stream *stream) noexcept
 void PulsePlayback::open(std::string_view name)
 {
     mMainloop = PulseMainloop::Create();
-    mMainloop.start();
+    if(mMainloop.start() != 0)
+        throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
+            "Failed to start device mainloop"};
 
     const char *pulse_name{nullptr};
     const char *dev_name{nullptr};
@@ -807,7 +808,7 @@ void PulsePlayback::open(std::string_view name)
 
     pa_stream_flags_t flags{PA_STREAM_START_CORKED | PA_STREAM_FIX_FORMAT | PA_STREAM_FIX_RATE |
         PA_STREAM_FIX_CHANNELS};
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(nullptr, "pulse", "allow-moves", true))
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool({}, "pulse", "allow-moves", true))
         flags |= PA_STREAM_DONT_MOVE;
 
     pa_sample_spec spec{};
@@ -866,9 +867,9 @@ bool PulsePlayback::reset()
 
     pa_stream_flags_t flags{PA_STREAM_START_CORKED | PA_STREAM_INTERPOLATE_TIMING |
         PA_STREAM_AUTO_TIMING_UPDATE | PA_STREAM_EARLY_REQUESTS};
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(nullptr, "pulse", "allow-moves", true))
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool({}, "pulse", "allow-moves", true))
         flags |= PA_STREAM_DONT_MOVE;
-    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "pulse", "adjust-latency", false))
+    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "pulse", "adjust-latency", false))
     {
         /* ADJUST_LATENCY can't be specified with EARLY_REQUESTS, for some
          * reason. So if the user wants to adjust the overall device latency,
@@ -877,7 +878,7 @@ bool PulsePlayback::reset()
         flags &= ~PA_STREAM_EARLY_REQUESTS;
         flags |= PA_STREAM_ADJUST_LATENCY;
     }
-    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "pulse", "fix-rate", false)
+    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "pulse", "fix-rate", false)
         || !mDevice->Flags.test(FrequencyRequest))
         flags |= PA_STREAM_FIX_RATE;
 
@@ -967,8 +968,9 @@ bool PulsePlayback::reset()
         const auto scale = static_cast<double>(mSpec.rate) / mDevice->Frequency;
         const auto perlen = static_cast<uint>(clampd(scale*mDevice->UpdateSize + 0.5, 64.0,
             8192.0));
-        const auto buflen = static_cast<uint>(clampd(scale*mDevice->BufferSize + 0.5, perlen*2,
-            std::numeric_limits<int>::max()/mFrameSize));
+        const auto bufmax = uint{std::numeric_limits<int>::max() / mFrameSize};
+        const auto buflen = static_cast<uint>(clampd(scale*mDevice->BufferSize + 0.5, perlen*2.0,
+            bufmax));
 
         mAttr.maxlength = ~0u;
         mAttr.tlength = buflen * mFrameSize;
@@ -1034,7 +1036,7 @@ ClockLatency PulsePlayback::getClockLatency()
 
     {
         MainloopUniqueLock plock{mMainloop};
-        ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+        ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
         err = pa_stream_get_latency(mStream, &latency, &neg);
     }
 
@@ -1087,8 +1089,6 @@ struct PulseCapture final : public BackendBase {
     pa_sample_spec mSpec{};
 
     pa_stream *mStream{nullptr};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(PulseCapture)
 };
 
 PulseCapture::~PulseCapture()
@@ -1127,7 +1127,9 @@ void PulseCapture::open(std::string_view name)
     if(!mMainloop)
     {
         mMainloop = PulseMainloop::Create();
-        mMainloop.start();
+        if(mMainloop.start() != 0)
+            throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
+                "Failed to start device mainloop"};
     }
 
     const char *pulse_name{nullptr};
@@ -1214,7 +1216,7 @@ void PulseCapture::open(std::string_view name)
     mAttr.fragsize = minu(samples, 50*mDevice->Frequency/1000) * frame_size;
 
     pa_stream_flags_t flags{PA_STREAM_START_CORKED | PA_STREAM_ADJUST_LATENCY};
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(nullptr, "pulse", "allow-moves", true))
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool({}, "pulse", "allow-moves", true))
         flags |= PA_STREAM_DONT_MOVE;
 
     TRACE("Connecting to \"%s\"\n", pulse_name ? pulse_name : "(default)");
@@ -1362,7 +1364,7 @@ ClockLatency PulseCapture::getClockLatency()
 
     {
         MainloopUniqueLock plock{mMainloop};
-        ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+        ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
         err = pa_stream_get_latency(mStream, &latency, &neg);
     }
 
@@ -1387,9 +1389,6 @@ bool PulseBackendFactory::init()
 #ifdef HAVE_DYNLOAD
     if(!pulse_handle)
     {
-        bool ret{true};
-        std::string missing_funcs;
-
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #define PALIB "libpulse-0.dll"
 #elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
@@ -1404,17 +1403,15 @@ bool PulseBackendFactory::init()
             return false;
         }
 
+        std::string missing_funcs;
 #define LOAD_FUNC(x) do {                                                     \
-    p##x = al::bit_cast<decltype(p##x)>(GetSymbol(pulse_handle, #x));         \
-    if(!(p##x)) {                                                             \
-        ret = false;                                                          \
-        missing_funcs += "\n" #x;                                             \
-    }                                                                         \
+    p##x = reinterpret_cast<decltype(p##x)>(GetSymbol(pulse_handle, #x));     \
+    if(!(p##x)) missing_funcs += "\n" #x;                                     \
 } while(0)
         PULSE_FUNCS(LOAD_FUNC)
 #undef LOAD_FUNC
 
-        if(!ret)
+        if(!missing_funcs.empty())
         {
             WARN("Missing expected functions:%s\n", missing_funcs.c_str());
             CloseLib(pulse_handle);
@@ -1425,14 +1422,18 @@ bool PulseBackendFactory::init()
 #endif /* HAVE_DYNLOAD */
 
     pulse_ctx_flags = PA_CONTEXT_NOFLAGS;
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(nullptr, "pulse", "spawn-server", false))
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool({}, "pulse", "spawn-server", false))
         pulse_ctx_flags |= PA_CONTEXT_NOAUTOSPAWN;
 
     try {
         if(!gGlobalMainloop)
         {
             gGlobalMainloop = PulseMainloop::Create();
-            gGlobalMainloop.start();
+            if(gGlobalMainloop.start() != 0)
+            {
+                gGlobalMainloop = nullptr;
+                return false;
+            }
         }
 
         MainloopUniqueLock plock{gGlobalMainloop};
diff --git a/alc/backends/sdl2.cpp b/alc/backends/sdl2.cpp
index f5ed4316..b69f17fd 100644
--- a/alc/backends/sdl2.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/sdl2.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <string>
+#include <string_view>
 
 #include "almalloc.h"
 #include "alnumeric.h"
@@ -46,7 +47,9 @@ namespace {
 #define DEVNAME_PREFIX ""
 #endif
 
-constexpr char defaultDeviceName[] = DEVNAME_PREFIX "Default Device";
+constexpr auto getDevicePrefix() noexcept -> std::string_view { return DEVNAME_PREFIX; }
+constexpr auto getDefaultDeviceName() noexcept -> std::string_view
+{ return DEVNAME_PREFIX "Default Device"; }
 
 struct Sdl2Backend final : public BackendBase {
     Sdl2Backend(DeviceBase *device) noexcept : BackendBase{device} { }
@@ -66,8 +69,6 @@ struct Sdl2Backend final : public BackendBase {
     DevFmtChannels mFmtChans{};
     DevFmtType     mFmtType{};
     uint mUpdateSize{0u};
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(Sdl2Backend)
 };
 
 Sdl2Backend::~Sdl2Backend()
@@ -108,6 +109,7 @@ void Sdl2Backend::open(std::string_view name)
     /* Passing nullptr to SDL_OpenAudioDevice opens a default, which isn't
      * necessarily the first in the list.
      */
+    const auto defaultDeviceName = getDefaultDeviceName();
     SDL_AudioDeviceID devid;
     if(name.empty() || name == defaultDeviceName)
     {
@@ -116,13 +118,13 @@ void Sdl2Backend::open(std::string_view name)
     }
     else
     {
-        const size_t prefix_len = strlen(DEVNAME_PREFIX);
-        if(name.length() >= prefix_len && strncmp(name.data(), DEVNAME_PREFIX, prefix_len) == 0)
+        const auto namePrefix = getDevicePrefix();
+        if(name.size() >= namePrefix.size() && name.substr(0, namePrefix.size()) == namePrefix)
         {
             /* Copy the string_view to a string to ensure it's null terminated
              * for this call.
              */
-            const std::string devname{name.substr(prefix_len)};
+            const std::string devname{name.substr(namePrefix.size())};
             devid = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(devname.c_str(), SDL_FALSE, &want, &have,
                 SDL_AUDIO_ALLOW_ANY_CHANGE);
         }
@@ -217,13 +219,16 @@ std::string SDL2BackendFactory::probe(BackendType type)
     int num_devices{SDL_GetNumAudioDevices(SDL_FALSE)};
 
     /* Includes null char. */
-    outnames.append(defaultDeviceName, sizeof(defaultDeviceName));
+    outnames += getDefaultDeviceName();
+    outnames += '\0';
     for(int i{0};i < num_devices;++i)
     {
-        std::string name{DEVNAME_PREFIX};
-        name += SDL_GetAudioDeviceName(i, SDL_FALSE);
-        if(!name.empty())
-            outnames.append(name.c_str(), name.length()+1);
+        outnames += getDevicePrefix();
+        if(const char *name = SDL_GetAudioDeviceName(i, SDL_FALSE))
+            outnames += name;
+        else
+            outnames += "Unknown Device Name #"+std::to_string(i);
+        outnames += '\0';
     }
     return outnames;
 }
diff --git a/alc/backends/sndio.cpp b/alc/backends/sndio.cpp
index d54c337b..ce3de366 100644
--- a/alc/backends/sndio.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/sndio.cpp
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@
 #include "sndio.h"
 
 #include <cinttypes>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <functional>
 #include <poll.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -43,10 +43,11 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-static const char sndio_device[] = "SndIO Default";
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
+constexpr char sndio_device[] = "SndIO Default";
 
 struct SioPar : public sio_par {
-    SioPar() { sio_initpar(this); }
+    SioPar() : sio_par{} { sio_initpar(this); }
 
     void clear() { sio_initpar(this); }
 };
@@ -69,8 +70,6 @@ struct SndioPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(SndioPlayback)
 };
 
 SndioPlayback::~SndioPlayback()
@@ -136,72 +135,75 @@ bool SndioPlayback::reset()
     SioPar par;
 
     auto tryfmt = mDevice->FmtType;
-retry_params:
-    switch(tryfmt)
+    while(true)
     {
-    case DevFmtByte:
-        par.bits = 8;
-        par.sig = 1;
-        break;
-    case DevFmtUByte:
-        par.bits = 8;
-        par.sig = 0;
-        break;
-    case DevFmtShort:
-        par.bits = 16;
-        par.sig = 1;
-        break;
-    case DevFmtUShort:
-        par.bits = 16;
-        par.sig = 0;
-        break;
-    case DevFmtFloat:
-    case DevFmtInt:
-        par.bits = 32;
-        par.sig = 1;
-        break;
-    case DevFmtUInt:
-        par.bits = 32;
-        par.sig = 0;
-        break;
-    }
-    par.bps = SIO_BPS(par.bits);
-    par.le = SIO_LE_NATIVE;
-    par.msb = 1;
-
-    par.rate = mDevice->Frequency;
-    par.pchan = mDevice->channelsFromFmt();
-
-    par.round = mDevice->UpdateSize;
-    par.appbufsz = mDevice->BufferSize - mDevice->UpdateSize;
-    if(!par.appbufsz) par.appbufsz = mDevice->UpdateSize;
+        switch(tryfmt)
+        {
+        case DevFmtByte:
+            par.bits = 8;
+            par.sig = 1;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtUByte:
+            par.bits = 8;
+            par.sig = 0;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtShort:
+            par.bits = 16;
+            par.sig = 1;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtUShort:
+            par.bits = 16;
+            par.sig = 0;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtFloat:
+        case DevFmtInt:
+            par.bits = 32;
+            par.sig = 1;
+            break;
+        case DevFmtUInt:
+            par.bits = 32;
+            par.sig = 0;
+            break;
+        }
+        par.bps = SIO_BPS(par.bits);
+        par.le = SIO_LE_NATIVE;
+        par.msb = 1;
+
+        par.rate = mDevice->Frequency;
+        par.pchan = mDevice->channelsFromFmt();
+
+        par.round = mDevice->UpdateSize;
+        par.appbufsz = mDevice->BufferSize - mDevice->UpdateSize;
+        if(!par.appbufsz) par.appbufsz = mDevice->UpdateSize;
+
+        try {
+            if(!sio_setpar(mSndHandle, &par))
+                throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
+                    "Failed to set device parameters"};
+
+            par.clear();
+            if(!sio_getpar(mSndHandle, &par))
+                throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
+                    "Failed to get device parameters"};
+
+            if(par.bps > 1 && par.le != SIO_LE_NATIVE)
+                throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
+                    "%s-endian samples not supported", par.le ? "Little" : "Big"};
+            if(par.bits < par.bps*8 && !par.msb)
+                throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
+                    "MSB-padded samples not supported (%u of %u bits)", par.bits, par.bps*8};
+            if(par.pchan < 1)
+                throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
+                    "No playback channels on device"};
 
-    try {
-        if(!sio_setpar(mSndHandle, &par))
-            throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
-                "Failed to set device parameters"};
-
-        par.clear();
-        if(!sio_getpar(mSndHandle, &par))
-            throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
-                "Failed to get device parameters"};
-
-        if(par.bps > 1 && par.le != SIO_LE_NATIVE)
-            throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
-                "%s-endian samples not supported", par.le ? "Little" : "Big"};
-        if(par.bits < par.bps*8 && !par.msb)
-            throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
-                "MSB-padded samples not supported (%u of %u bits)", par.bits, par.bps*8};
-        if(par.pchan < 1)
-            throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError,
-                "No playback channels on device"};
-    }
-    catch(al::backend_exception &e) {
-        if(tryfmt == DevFmtShort)
-            throw;
-        par.clear();
-        tryfmt = DevFmtShort;
-        goto retry_params;
+            break;
+        }
+        catch(al::backend_exception &e) {
+            if(tryfmt == DevFmtShort)
+                throw;
+            par.clear();
+            tryfmt = DevFmtShort;
+        }
     }
 
     if(par.bps == 1)
@@ -229,7 +231,7 @@ retry_params:
     mDevice->UpdateSize = par.round;
     mDevice->BufferSize = par.bufsz + par.round;
 
-    mBuffer.resize(mDevice->UpdateSize * par.pchan*par.bps);
+    mBuffer.resize(size_t{mDevice->UpdateSize} * par.pchan*par.bps);
     if(par.sig == 1)
         std::fill(mBuffer.begin(), mBuffer.end(), std::byte{});
     else if(par.bits == 8)
@@ -292,8 +294,6 @@ struct SndioCapture final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(SndioCapture)
 };
 
 SndioCapture::~SndioCapture()
@@ -317,19 +317,19 @@ int SndioCapture::recordProc()
         return 1;
     }
 
-    auto fds = std::make_unique<pollfd[]>(static_cast<uint>(nfds_pre));
+    auto fds = std::vector<pollfd>(static_cast<uint>(nfds_pre));
 
     while(!mKillNow.load(std::memory_order_acquire)
         && mDevice->Connected.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
     {
         /* Wait until there's some samples to read. */
-        const int nfds{sio_pollfd(mSndHandle, fds.get(), POLLIN)};
+        const int nfds{sio_pollfd(mSndHandle, fds.data(), POLLIN)};
         if(nfds <= 0)
         {
             mDevice->handleDisconnect("Failed to get polling fds: %d", nfds);
             break;
         }
-        int pollres{::poll(fds.get(), static_cast<uint>(nfds), 2000)};
+        int pollres{::poll(fds.data(), fds.size(), 2000)};
         if(pollres < 0)
         {
             if(errno == EINTR) continue;
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ int SndioCapture::recordProc()
         if(pollres == 0)
             continue;
 
-        const int revents{sio_revents(mSndHandle, fds.get())};
+        const int revents{sio_revents(mSndHandle, fds.data())};
         if((revents&POLLHUP))
         {
             mDevice->handleDisconnect("Got POLLHUP from poll events");
@@ -373,8 +373,8 @@ int SndioCapture::recordProc()
         if(buffer.empty())
         {
             /* Got samples to read, but no place to store it. Drop it. */
-            static char junk[4096];
-            sio_read(mSndHandle, junk, sizeof(junk) - (sizeof(junk)%frameSize));
+            static std::array<char,4096> junk;
+            sio_read(mSndHandle, junk.data(), junk.size() - (junk.size()%frameSize));
         }
     }
 
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ void SndioCapture::open(std::string_view name)
             DevFmtTypeString(mDevice->FmtType), DevFmtChannelsString(mDevice->FmtChans),
             mDevice->Frequency, par.sig?'s':'u', par.bps*8, par.rchan, par.rate};
 
-    mRing = RingBuffer::Create(mDevice->BufferSize, par.bps*par.rchan, false);
+    mRing = RingBuffer::Create(mDevice->BufferSize, size_t{par.bps}*par.rchan, false);
     mDevice->BufferSize = static_cast<uint>(mRing->writeSpace());
     mDevice->UpdateSize = par.round;
 
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ void SndioCapture::stop()
 }
 
 void SndioCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 uint SndioCapture::availableSamples()
 { return static_cast<uint>(mRing->readSpace()); }
diff --git a/alc/backends/solaris.cpp b/alc/backends/solaris.cpp
index 38f9db19..c7387284 100644
--- a/alc/backends/solaris.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/solaris.cpp
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char solaris_device[] = "Solaris Default";
 
 std::string solaris_driver{"/dev/audio"};
@@ -74,8 +75,6 @@ struct SolarisBackend final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(SolarisBackend)
 };
 
 SolarisBackend::~SolarisBackend()
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ int SolarisBackend::mixerProc()
     althrd_setname(MIXER_THREAD_NAME);
 
     const size_t frame_step{mDevice->channelsFromFmt()};
-    const uint frame_size{mDevice->frameSizeFromFmt()};
+    const size_t frame_size{mDevice->frameSizeFromFmt()};
 
     while(!mKillNow.load(std::memory_order_acquire)
         && mDevice->Connected.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
@@ -115,12 +114,12 @@ int SolarisBackend::mixerProc()
             continue;
         }
 
-        std::byte *write_ptr{mBuffer.data()};
-        size_t to_write{mBuffer.size()};
-        mDevice->renderSamples(write_ptr, static_cast<uint>(to_write/frame_size), frame_step);
-        while(to_write > 0 && !mKillNow.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
+        al::span<std::byte> buffer{mBuffer};
+        mDevice->renderSamples(buffer.data(), static_cast<uint>(buffer.size()/frame_size),
+            frame_step);
+        while(!buffer.empty() && !mKillNow.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
         {
-            ssize_t wrote{write(mFd, write_ptr, to_write)};
+            ssize_t wrote{write(mFd, buffer.data(), buffer.size())};
             if(wrote < 0)
             {
                 if(errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EINTR)
@@ -130,8 +129,7 @@ int SolarisBackend::mixerProc()
                 break;
             }
 
-            to_write -= static_cast<size_t>(wrote);
-            write_ptr += wrote;
+            buffer = buffer.subspan(static_cast<size_t>(wrote));
         }
     }
 
@@ -267,7 +265,7 @@ BackendFactory &SolarisBackendFactory::getFactory()
 
 bool SolarisBackendFactory::init()
 {
-    if(auto devopt = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "solaris", "device"))
+    if(auto devopt = ConfigValueStr({}, "solaris", "device"))
         solaris_driver = std::move(*devopt);
     return true;
 }
diff --git a/alc/backends/wasapi.cpp b/alc/backends/wasapi.cpp
index 3ee98457..4fcae59c 100644
--- a/alc/backends/wasapi.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/wasapi.cpp
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #include <windows.h>
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <memory.h>
 
 #include <wtypes.h>
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ constexpr AudioObjectType ChannelMask_X714{AudioObjectType_FrontLeft | AudioObje
     | AudioObjectType_TopFrontLeft | AudioObjectType_TopFrontRight | AudioObjectType_TopBackLeft
     | AudioObjectType_TopBackRight};
 
-
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char DevNameHead[] = "OpenAL Soft on ";
 constexpr size_t DevNameHeadLen{std::size(DevNameHead) - 1};
 
@@ -201,16 +201,16 @@ constexpr uint RefTime2Samples(const ReferenceTime &val, T srate) noexcept
 
 
 class GuidPrinter {
-    char mMsg[64];
+    std::array<char,64> mMsg;
 
 public:
     GuidPrinter(const GUID &guid)
     {
-        std::snprintf(mMsg, std::size(mMsg), "{%08lx-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x}",
+        std::snprintf(mMsg.data(), mMsg.size(), "{%08lx-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x}",
             DWORD{guid.Data1}, guid.Data2, guid.Data3, guid.Data4[0], guid.Data4[1], guid.Data4[2],
             guid.Data4[3], guid.Data4[4], guid.Data4[5], guid.Data4[6], guid.Data4[7]);
     }
-    const char *c_str() const { return mMsg; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto c_str() const -> const char* { return mMsg.data(); }
 };
 
 struct PropVariant {
@@ -270,13 +270,13 @@ private:
 struct DeviceListLock : public std::unique_lock<DeviceList> {
     using std::unique_lock<DeviceList>::unique_lock;
 
-    auto& getPlaybackList() const noexcept { return mutex()->mPlayback; }
-    auto& getCaptureList() const noexcept { return mutex()->mCapture; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto& getPlaybackList() const noexcept { return mutex()->mPlayback; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto& getCaptureList() const noexcept { return mutex()->mCapture; }
 
     void setPlaybackDefaultId(std::wstring_view devid) const { mutex()->mPlaybackDefaultId = devid; }
-    std::wstring_view getPlaybackDefaultId() const noexcept { return mutex()->mPlaybackDefaultId; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getPlaybackDefaultId() const noexcept -> std::wstring_view { return mutex()->mPlaybackDefaultId; }
     void setCaptureDefaultId(std::wstring_view devid) const { mutex()->mCaptureDefaultId = devid; }
-    std::wstring_view getCaptureDefaultId() const noexcept { return mutex()->mCaptureDefaultId; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getCaptureDefaultId() const noexcept -> std::wstring_view { return mutex()->mCaptureDefaultId; }
 };
 
 DeviceList gDeviceList;
@@ -302,8 +302,10 @@ using DeviceHandle = ComPtr<IMMDevice>;
 using NameGUIDPair = std::pair<std::string,std::string>;
 static NameGUIDPair GetDeviceNameAndGuid(const DeviceHandle &device)
 {
+    /* NOLINTBEGIN(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
     static constexpr char UnknownName[]{"Unknown Device Name"};
     static constexpr char UnknownGuid[]{"Unknown Device GUID"};
+    /* NOLINTEND(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 #if !defined(ALSOFT_UWP)
     std::string name, guid;
 
@@ -384,9 +386,9 @@ struct DeviceHelper final : public IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler
 struct DeviceHelper final : private IMMNotificationClient
 #endif
 {
+#if defined(ALSOFT_UWP)
     DeviceHelper()
     {
-#if defined(ALSOFT_UWP)
         /* TODO: UWP also needs to watch for device added/removed events and
          * dynamically add/remove devices from the lists.
          */
@@ -411,8 +413,10 @@ struct DeviceHelper final : private IMMNotificationClient
                     msg);
             }
             });
-#endif
     }
+#else
+    DeviceHelper() = default;
+#endif
     ~DeviceHelper()
     {
 #if defined(ALSOFT_UWP)
@@ -1071,7 +1075,7 @@ struct WasapiPlayback final : public BackendBase, WasapiProxy {
     HANDLE mNotifyEvent{nullptr};
 
     UINT32 mOrigBufferSize{}, mOrigUpdateSize{};
-    std::unique_ptr<char[]> mResampleBuffer{};
+    std::vector<char> mResampleBuffer{};
     uint mBufferFilled{0};
     SampleConverterPtr mResampler;
 
@@ -1082,8 +1086,6 @@ struct WasapiPlayback final : public BackendBase, WasapiProxy {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(WasapiPlayback)
 };
 
 WasapiPlayback::~WasapiPlayback()
@@ -1151,9 +1153,9 @@ FORCE_ALIGN int WasapiPlayback::mixerProc()
                 {
                     if(mBufferFilled == 0)
                     {
-                        mDevice->renderSamples(mResampleBuffer.get(), mDevice->UpdateSize,
+                        mDevice->renderSamples(mResampleBuffer.data(), mDevice->UpdateSize,
                             mFormat.Format.nChannels);
-                        resbufferptr = mResampleBuffer.get();
+                        resbufferptr = mResampleBuffer.data();
                         mBufferFilled = mDevice->UpdateSize;
                     }
 
@@ -1249,7 +1251,7 @@ FORCE_ALIGN int WasapiPlayback::mixerSpatialProc()
                     tmpbuffers.resize(buffers.size());
                     resbuffers.resize(buffers.size());
                     for(size_t i{0};i < tmpbuffers.size();++i)
-                        resbuffers[i] = reinterpret_cast<float*>(mResampleBuffer.get()) +
+                        resbuffers[i] = reinterpret_cast<float*>(mResampleBuffer.data()) +
                             mDevice->UpdateSize*i;
                 }
             }
@@ -1496,7 +1498,7 @@ void WasapiPlayback::prepareFormat(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE &OutputType)
 
 void WasapiPlayback::finalizeFormat(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE &OutputType)
 {
-    if(!GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "wasapi", "allow-resampler", true))
+    if(!GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "wasapi", "allow-resampler", true))
         mDevice->Frequency = OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
     else
         mDevice->Frequency = minu(mDevice->Frequency, OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
@@ -1610,7 +1612,7 @@ bool WasapiPlayback::reset()
 
 HRESULT WasapiPlayback::resetProxy()
 {
-    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "wasapi", "spatial-api", false))
+    if(GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "wasapi", "spatial-api", false))
     {
         auto &audio = mAudio.emplace<SpatialDevice>();
         HRESULT hr{sDeviceHelper->activateAudioClient(mMMDev, __uuidof(ISpatialAudioClient),
@@ -1775,7 +1777,7 @@ HRESULT WasapiPlayback::resetProxy()
         mDevice->Flags.reset(DirectEar).set(Virtualization);
         if(streamParams.StaticObjectTypeMask == ChannelMask_Stereo)
             mDevice->FmtChans = DevFmtStereo;
-        if(!GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName.c_str(), "wasapi", "allow-resampler", true))
+        if(!GetConfigValueBool(mDevice->DeviceName, "wasapi", "allow-resampler", true))
             mDevice->Frequency = OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
         else
             mDevice->Frequency = minu(mDevice->Frequency, OutputType.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
@@ -1819,7 +1821,8 @@ HRESULT WasapiPlayback::resetProxy()
         mDevice->BufferSize = mDevice->UpdateSize*2;
 
         mResampler = nullptr;
-        mResampleBuffer = nullptr;
+        mResampleBuffer.clear();
+        mResampleBuffer.shrink_to_fit();
         mBufferFilled = 0;
         if(mDevice->Frequency != mFormat.Format.nSamplesPerSec)
         {
@@ -1828,7 +1831,7 @@ HRESULT WasapiPlayback::resetProxy()
             mResampler = SampleConverter::Create(mDevice->FmtType, mDevice->FmtType,
                 channelCount, mDevice->Frequency, mFormat.Format.nSamplesPerSec,
                 Resampler::FastBSinc24);
-            mResampleBuffer = std::make_unique<char[]>(size_t{mDevice->UpdateSize} * channelCount *
+            mResampleBuffer.resize(size_t{mDevice->UpdateSize} * channelCount *
                 mFormat.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
 
             TRACE("Created converter for %s/%s format, dst: %luhz (%u), src: %uhz (%u)\n",
@@ -1950,15 +1953,16 @@ no_spatial:
         mDevice->BufferSize/2);
 
     mResampler = nullptr;
-    mResampleBuffer = nullptr;
+    mResampleBuffer.clear();
+    mResampleBuffer.shrink_to_fit();
     mBufferFilled = 0;
     if(mDevice->Frequency != mFormat.Format.nSamplesPerSec)
     {
         mResampler = SampleConverter::Create(mDevice->FmtType, mDevice->FmtType,
             mFormat.Format.nChannels, mDevice->Frequency, mFormat.Format.nSamplesPerSec,
             Resampler::FastBSinc24);
-        mResampleBuffer = std::make_unique<char[]>(size_t{mDevice->UpdateSize} *
-            mFormat.Format.nChannels * mFormat.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
+        mResampleBuffer.resize(size_t{mDevice->UpdateSize} * mFormat.Format.nChannels *
+            mFormat.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
 
         TRACE("Created converter for %s/%s format, dst: %luhz (%u), src: %uhz (%u)\n",
             DevFmtChannelsString(mDevice->FmtChans), DevFmtTypeString(mDevice->FmtType),
@@ -2072,7 +2076,7 @@ ClockLatency WasapiPlayback::getClockLatency()
     ClockLatency ret;
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _{mMutex};
-    ret.ClockTime = GetDeviceClockTime(mDevice);
+    ret.ClockTime = mDevice->getClockTime();
     ret.Latency  = seconds{mPadding.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)};
     ret.Latency /= mFormat.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
     if(mResampler)
@@ -2117,8 +2121,6 @@ struct WasapiCapture final : public BackendBase, WasapiProxy {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(WasapiCapture)
 };
 
 WasapiCapture::~WasapiCapture()
@@ -2651,7 +2653,7 @@ void WasapiCapture::stopProxy()
 
 
 void WasapiCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 uint WasapiCapture::availableSamples()
 { return static_cast<uint>(mRing->readSpace()); }
diff --git a/alc/backends/wave.cpp b/alc/backends/wave.cpp
index 794d5cb8..985bb539 100644
--- a/alc/backends/wave.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/wave.cpp
@@ -55,38 +55,44 @@ using std::chrono::nanoseconds;
 using ubyte = unsigned char;
 using ushort = unsigned short;
 
+struct FileDeleter {
+    void operator()(gsl::owner<FILE*> f) { fclose(f); }
+};
+using FilePtr = std::unique_ptr<FILE,FileDeleter>;
+
+/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(*-avoid-c-arrays) */
 constexpr char waveDevice[] = "Wave File Writer";
 
-constexpr ubyte SUBTYPE_PCM[]{
+constexpr std::array<ubyte,16> SUBTYPE_PCM{{
     0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa,
     0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71
-};
-constexpr ubyte SUBTYPE_FLOAT[]{
+}};
+constexpr std::array<ubyte,16> SUBTYPE_FLOAT{{
     0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa,
     0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71
-};
+}};
 
-constexpr ubyte SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_PCM[]{
+constexpr std::array<ubyte,16> SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_PCM{{
     0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x21, 0x07, 0xd3, 0x11, 0x86, 0x44, 0xc8, 0xc1,
     0xca, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
-};
+}};
 
-constexpr ubyte SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_FLOAT[]{
+constexpr std::array<ubyte,16> SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_FLOAT{{
     0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x21, 0x07, 0xd3, 0x11, 0x86, 0x44, 0xc8, 0xc1,
     0xca, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
-};
+}};
 
 void fwrite16le(ushort val, FILE *f)
 {
-    ubyte data[2]{ static_cast<ubyte>(val&0xff), static_cast<ubyte>((val>>8)&0xff) };
-    fwrite(data, 1, 2, f);
+    std::array data{static_cast<ubyte>(val&0xff), static_cast<ubyte>((val>>8)&0xff)};
+    fwrite(data.data(), 1, data.size(), f);
 }
 
 void fwrite32le(uint val, FILE *f)
 {
-    ubyte data[4]{ static_cast<ubyte>(val&0xff), static_cast<ubyte>((val>>8)&0xff),
-        static_cast<ubyte>((val>>16)&0xff), static_cast<ubyte>((val>>24)&0xff) };
-    fwrite(data, 1, 4, f);
+    std::array data{static_cast<ubyte>(val&0xff), static_cast<ubyte>((val>>8)&0xff),
+        static_cast<ubyte>((val>>16)&0xff), static_cast<ubyte>((val>>24)&0xff)};
+    fwrite(data.data(), 1, data.size(), f);
 }
 
 
@@ -101,23 +107,16 @@ struct WaveBackend final : public BackendBase {
     void start() override;
     void stop() override;
 
-    FILE *mFile{nullptr};
+    FilePtr mFile{nullptr};
     long mDataStart{-1};
 
     std::vector<std::byte> mBuffer;
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(WaveBackend)
 };
 
-WaveBackend::~WaveBackend()
-{
-    if(mFile)
-        fclose(mFile);
-    mFile = nullptr;
-}
+WaveBackend::~WaveBackend() = default;
 
 int WaveBackend::mixerProc()
 {
@@ -169,8 +168,8 @@ int WaveBackend::mixerProc()
                 }
             }
 
-            const size_t fs{fwrite(mBuffer.data(), frameSize, mDevice->UpdateSize, mFile)};
-            if(fs < mDevice->UpdateSize || ferror(mFile))
+            const size_t fs{fwrite(mBuffer.data(), frameSize, mDevice->UpdateSize, mFile.get())};
+            if(fs < mDevice->UpdateSize || ferror(mFile.get()))
             {
                 ERR("Error writing to file\n");
                 mDevice->handleDisconnect("Failed to write playback samples");
@@ -196,7 +195,7 @@ int WaveBackend::mixerProc()
 
 void WaveBackend::open(std::string_view name)
 {
-    auto fname = ConfigValueStr(nullptr, "wave", "file");
+    auto fname = ConfigValueStr({}, "wave", "file");
     if(!fname) throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::NoDevice,
         "No wave output filename"};
 
@@ -212,10 +211,10 @@ void WaveBackend::open(std::string_view name)
 #ifdef _WIN32
     {
         std::wstring wname{utf8_to_wstr(fname.value())};
-        mFile = _wfopen(wname.c_str(), L"wb");
+        mFile = FilePtr{_wfopen(wname.c_str(), L"wb")};
     }
 #else
-    mFile = fopen(fname->c_str(), "wb");
+    mFile = FilePtr{fopen(fname->c_str(), "wb")};
 #endif
     if(!mFile)
         throw al::backend_exception{al::backend_error::DeviceError, "Could not open file '%s': %s",
@@ -228,12 +227,11 @@ bool WaveBackend::reset()
 {
     uint channels{0}, bytes{0}, chanmask{0};
     bool isbformat{false};
-    size_t val;
 
-    fseek(mFile, 0, SEEK_SET);
-    clearerr(mFile);
+    fseek(mFile.get(), 0, SEEK_SET);
+    clearerr(mFile.get());
 
-    if(GetConfigValueBool(nullptr, "wave", "bformat", false))
+    if(GetConfigValueBool({}, "wave", "bformat", false))
     {
         mDevice->FmtChans = DevFmtAmbi3D;
         mDevice->mAmbiOrder = 1;
@@ -282,49 +280,48 @@ bool WaveBackend::reset()
     bytes = mDevice->bytesFromFmt();
     channels = mDevice->channelsFromFmt();
 
-    rewind(mFile);
+    rewind(mFile.get());
 
-    fputs("RIFF", mFile);
-    fwrite32le(0xFFFFFFFF, mFile); // 'RIFF' header len; filled in at close
+    fputs("RIFF", mFile.get());
+    fwrite32le(0xFFFFFFFF, mFile.get()); // 'RIFF' header len; filled in at close
 
-    fputs("WAVE", mFile);
+    fputs("WAVE", mFile.get());
 
-    fputs("fmt ", mFile);
-    fwrite32le(40, mFile); // 'fmt ' header len; 40 bytes for EXTENSIBLE
+    fputs("fmt ", mFile.get());
+    fwrite32le(40, mFile.get()); // 'fmt ' header len; 40 bytes for EXTENSIBLE
 
     // 16-bit val, format type id (extensible: 0xFFFE)
-    fwrite16le(0xFFFE, mFile);
+    fwrite16le(0xFFFE, mFile.get());
     // 16-bit val, channel count
-    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(channels), mFile);
+    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(channels), mFile.get());
     // 32-bit val, frequency
-    fwrite32le(mDevice->Frequency, mFile);
+    fwrite32le(mDevice->Frequency, mFile.get());
     // 32-bit val, bytes per second
-    fwrite32le(mDevice->Frequency * channels * bytes, mFile);
+    fwrite32le(mDevice->Frequency * channels * bytes, mFile.get());
     // 16-bit val, frame size
-    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(channels * bytes), mFile);
+    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(channels * bytes), mFile.get());
     // 16-bit val, bits per sample
-    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(bytes * 8), mFile);
+    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(bytes * 8), mFile.get());
     // 16-bit val, extra byte count
-    fwrite16le(22, mFile);
+    fwrite16le(22, mFile.get());
     // 16-bit val, valid bits per sample
-    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(bytes * 8), mFile);
+    fwrite16le(static_cast<ushort>(bytes * 8), mFile.get());
     // 32-bit val, channel mask
-    fwrite32le(chanmask, mFile);
+    fwrite32le(chanmask, mFile.get());
     // 16 byte GUID, sub-type format
-    val = fwrite((mDevice->FmtType == DevFmtFloat) ?
-        (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_FLOAT : SUBTYPE_FLOAT) :
-        (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_PCM : SUBTYPE_PCM), 1, 16, mFile);
-    (void)val;
+    std::ignore = fwrite((mDevice->FmtType == DevFmtFloat) ?
+        (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_FLOAT.data() : SUBTYPE_FLOAT.data()) :
+        (isbformat ? SUBTYPE_BFORMAT_PCM.data() : SUBTYPE_PCM.data()), 1, 16, mFile.get());
 
-    fputs("data", mFile);
-    fwrite32le(0xFFFFFFFF, mFile); // 'data' header len; filled in at close
+    fputs("data", mFile.get());
+    fwrite32le(0xFFFFFFFF, mFile.get()); // 'data' header len; filled in at close
 
-    if(ferror(mFile))
+    if(ferror(mFile.get()))
     {
         ERR("Error writing header: %s\n", strerror(errno));
         return false;
     }
-    mDataStart = ftell(mFile);
+    mDataStart = ftell(mFile.get());
 
     setDefaultWFXChannelOrder();
 
@@ -336,7 +333,7 @@ bool WaveBackend::reset()
 
 void WaveBackend::start()
 {
-    if(mDataStart > 0 && fseek(mFile, 0, SEEK_END) != 0)
+    if(mDataStart > 0 && fseek(mFile.get(), 0, SEEK_END) != 0)
         WARN("Failed to seek on output file\n");
     try {
         mKillNow.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
@@ -356,14 +353,14 @@ void WaveBackend::stop()
 
     if(mDataStart > 0)
     {
-        long size{ftell(mFile)};
+        long size{ftell(mFile.get())};
         if(size > 0)
         {
             long dataLen{size - mDataStart};
-            if(fseek(mFile, 4, SEEK_SET) == 0)
-                fwrite32le(static_cast<uint>(size-8), mFile); // 'WAVE' header len
-            if(fseek(mFile, mDataStart-4, SEEK_SET) == 0)
-                fwrite32le(static_cast<uint>(dataLen), mFile); // 'data' header len
+            if(fseek(mFile.get(), 4, SEEK_SET) == 0)
+                fwrite32le(static_cast<uint>(size-8), mFile.get()); // 'WAVE' header len
+            if(fseek(mFile.get(), mDataStart-4, SEEK_SET) == 0)
+                fwrite32le(static_cast<uint>(dataLen), mFile.get()); // 'data' header len
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/alc/backends/winmm.cpp b/alc/backends/winmm.cpp
index f0fb0a1c..e593defb 100644
--- a/alc/backends/winmm.cpp
+++ b/alc/backends/winmm.cpp
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@
 
 #include "winmm.h"
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstdio>
 #include <memory.h>
 
 #include <windows.h>
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include "core/logging.h"
 #include "ringbuffer.h"
 #include "strutils.h"
+#include "vector.h"
 
 #ifndef WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT
 #define WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT  0x0003
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> CaptureDevices;
 bool checkName(const std::vector<std::string> &list, const std::string &name)
 { return std::find(list.cbegin(), list.cend(), name) != list.cend(); }
 
-void ProbePlaybackDevices(void)
+void ProbePlaybackDevices()
 {
     PlaybackDevices.clear();
 
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ void ProbePlaybackDevices(void)
     }
 }
 
-void ProbeCaptureDevices(void)
+void ProbeCaptureDevices()
 {
     CaptureDevices.clear();
 
@@ -144,6 +145,7 @@ struct WinMMPlayback final : public BackendBase {
     al::semaphore mSem;
     uint mIdx{0u};
     std::array<WAVEHDR,4> mWaveBuffer{};
+    al::vector<char,16> mBuffer;
 
     HWAVEOUT mOutHdl{nullptr};
 
@@ -151,8 +153,6 @@ struct WinMMPlayback final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(WinMMPlayback)
 };
 
 WinMMPlayback::~WinMMPlayback()
@@ -160,9 +160,6 @@ WinMMPlayback::~WinMMPlayback()
     if(mOutHdl)
         waveOutClose(mOutHdl);
     mOutHdl = nullptr;
-
-    al_free(mWaveBuffer[0].lpData);
-    std::fill(mWaveBuffer.begin(), mWaveBuffer.end(), WAVEHDR{});
 }
 
 /* WinMMPlayback::waveOutProc
@@ -313,11 +310,11 @@ bool WinMMPlayback::reset()
     }
     setDefaultWFXChannelOrder();
 
-    uint BufferSize{mDevice->UpdateSize * mFormat.nChannels * mDevice->bytesFromFmt()};
+    const uint BufferSize{mDevice->UpdateSize * mFormat.nChannels * mDevice->bytesFromFmt()};
 
-    al_free(mWaveBuffer[0].lpData);
+    decltype(mBuffer)(BufferSize*mWaveBuffer.size()).swap(mBuffer);
     mWaveBuffer[0] = WAVEHDR{};
-    mWaveBuffer[0].lpData = static_cast<char*>(al_calloc(16, BufferSize * mWaveBuffer.size()));
+    mWaveBuffer[0].lpData = mBuffer.data();
     mWaveBuffer[0].dwBufferLength = BufferSize;
     for(size_t i{1};i < mWaveBuffer.size();i++)
     {
@@ -380,6 +377,7 @@ struct WinMMCapture final : public BackendBase {
     al::semaphore mSem;
     uint mIdx{0};
     std::array<WAVEHDR,4> mWaveBuffer{};
+    al::vector<char,16> mBuffer;
 
     HWAVEIN mInHdl{nullptr};
 
@@ -389,8 +387,6 @@ struct WinMMCapture final : public BackendBase {
 
     std::atomic<bool> mKillNow{true};
     std::thread mThread;
-
-    DEF_NEWDEL(WinMMCapture)
 };
 
 WinMMCapture::~WinMMCapture()
@@ -399,9 +395,6 @@ WinMMCapture::~WinMMCapture()
     if(mInHdl)
         waveInClose(mInHdl);
     mInHdl = nullptr;
-
-    al_free(mWaveBuffer[0].lpData);
-    std::fill(mWaveBuffer.begin(), mWaveBuffer.end(), WAVEHDR{});
 }
 
 /* WinMMCapture::waveInProc
@@ -435,7 +428,8 @@ int WinMMCapture::captureProc()
             WAVEHDR &waveHdr = mWaveBuffer[widx];
             widx = (widx+1) % mWaveBuffer.size();
 
-            mRing->write(waveHdr.lpData, waveHdr.dwBytesRecorded / mFormat.nBlockAlign);
+            std::ignore = mRing->write(waveHdr.lpData,
+                waveHdr.dwBytesRecorded / mFormat.nBlockAlign);
             mReadable.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel);
             waveInAddBuffer(mInHdl, &waveHdr, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
         } while(--todo);
@@ -519,9 +513,9 @@ void WinMMCapture::open(std::string_view name)
 
     mRing = RingBuffer::Create(CapturedDataSize, mFormat.nBlockAlign, false);
 
-    al_free(mWaveBuffer[0].lpData);
+    decltype(mBuffer)(BufferSize*mWaveBuffer.size()).swap(mBuffer);
     mWaveBuffer[0] = WAVEHDR{};
-    mWaveBuffer[0].lpData = static_cast<char*>(al_calloc(16, BufferSize * mWaveBuffer.size()));
+    mWaveBuffer[0].lpData = mBuffer.data();
     mWaveBuffer[0].dwBufferLength = BufferSize;
     for(size_t i{1};i < mWaveBuffer.size();++i)
     {
@@ -573,7 +567,7 @@ void WinMMCapture::stop()
 }
 
 void WinMMCapture::captureSamples(std::byte *buffer, uint samples)
-{ mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
+{ std::ignore = mRing->read(buffer, samples); }
 
 uint WinMMCapture::availableSamples()
 { return static_cast<uint>(mRing->readSpace()); }